建筑設(shè)計：CCDI + PTW + ARUP

國家游泳中心（水立方），北京，中國

建筑設(shè)計：CCDI + PTW + ARUP

國家游泳中心“水立方”與奧林匹克公園中軸線另一側(cè)的國家體育場“鳥巢”遙相呼應(yīng)，形成了地與天、水與火、內(nèi)斂與放射、詩意與震撼的相對關(guān)系，一靜一動，相得益彰。與鳥巢的興奮、激動、力量感、陽剛氣息不同的是，水立方寧靜、祥和、帶著迷人的感性色彩，她的輕靈和神秘隨著人的情緒、賽事以及季節(jié)的變化而變化。

設(shè)計師在設(shè)計時探尋“水”的各種可能性，將水的概念深化，基于“泡沫”理論的設(shè)計靈感，利用其獨(dú)特的微觀結(jié)構(gòu)，為“方盒子”包裹上了一層建筑外皮。通過表面覆蓋的四氟乙烯（ETFE）透明膜結(jié)構(gòu)氣枕賦予了建筑冰晶狀的外貌，使其具有獨(dú)特的視覺效果和感受，輪廓和外觀因此變得柔和，水的神韻在建筑中得到了完美的體現(xiàn)。

“水立方”作為2008北京奧運(yùn)會游泳、跳水、花樣游泳和水球的比賽場館，其功能完備先進(jìn)且易于賽后運(yùn)營。奧運(yùn)后它成為北京最大的具有國際先進(jìn)水平的多功能游泳、運(yùn)動、健身、休閑中心，成為奧林匹克運(yùn)動留給北京的寶貴遺產(chǎn)和北京城市建設(shè)的新亮點(diǎn)。

The Water Cube was one of the two main venues for the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics, with all pools and functions that FINA needs to conduct every session of Swimming, Diving, Water Polo, and even Modern Pentathlon. NSC is also a truly Multifunction Leisure Centre for Beijing City in the 21st Century. It encapsulates every aspect of water – hot and cold, shallow and deep, lazy rivers and pounding surf beaches, competition water, and even has ice.

Based on all those requirements and considerations above, the design of NSC is call the "Water Cube", a huge blue square with magical foamstructure skin. It includes a 4000-seat multi use arena to attract and stage a variety of international events and high-tech entertainment.

The facade system comprises of a series of paneled units that are mounted as internal and external skins. A series of Ethylene Tetra Fluoro Ethylene (ETFE) bubbles. The ETFE bubbles were prefabricated offsite in panels. Panels are lifted and fitted to the facade by adjustable aluminum lugs that are thermally isolated from the support structure. With the panels in place, air distribution pipes are attached and linked to pumping mechanisms required to keep the bubbles in fl ated. The Water Cube is largest ETFE structure in the world, which has more than 4000 bubbles, the largest of which is 9m in diameter.

The design process of National Swimming Centre exhibited a concerted collaboration of international teams. Architects from PTW helped a lot on the skin material ETFE; engineers from ARUP bring out a perfect structural model; and the design group from CCDI gave the idea of Water Cube and endowed it with much meaning of Chinese traditional philosophy. The design-union collaboration itself is a joyful journey, which inosculated the different ways of art, culture, technique, as well as the 2008 Olympic Game in Beijing.

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

委托單位/Client: 北京市國有資產(chǎn)經(jīng)營有限責(zé)任公司/ Beijing State Owned Assets Management Co., Ltd.

中方主要建筑師/Chinese Principal Architects: 趙曉鈞，鄭方，王敏，商宏/ZHAO Xiaojun, ZHENG Fang, WANG Min, SHANG Hong

場地面積/Building Area: 69,000m2

建筑面積/Floor Area: 87,200m2

座席數(shù)量/Seat Number: 17,000

設(shè)計時間/Design Time: 2003.08

竣工時間/Completion Time: 2008.05

National Swimming Centre (The Water Cube), Beijing, China, 2008

Architects: CCDI + PTW + ARUP

1 比賽池全景/Competion pool2 奧運(yùn)會熱身大廳賽后改建為市民水上娛樂中心/The Olympic warm-up hall is transformed into a public water recreation centre

3 夜景/Night view4 剖面/Section