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keep用法面面觀

2017-03-24 00:00:39李建高
初中生 2017年21期
關(guān)鍵詞:保持聯(lián)系面面觀分詞

文/李建高

keep用法面面觀

文/李建高

責(zé)任編輯:李丁文

一、keep用作及物動詞

1.意為“留著;遵守(諾言、法律等);保守(秘密等)”。如:

1)Here’s a five-dollar bill,please keep the change.這是一張五元鈔票,零錢不用找了。

2)Can you keep your promise forever?你能永遠(yuǎn)遵守諾言嗎?

2.意為“(暫時)保管;(暫時)存放”,有時可引申為“借”之意。如:

1)Will you please keep my watch while going swimming?我去游泳時,請你保管一下我的手表好嗎?

2)You can keep the book for a week.這本書你可以借一周。

3.意為“供養(yǎng);飼養(yǎng)”。如:

He works over ten hours every day because he has a family to keep.他每天工作十多個小時,因為他得養(yǎng)活一家人。

4.意為“記錄;記(日記等)”。如:

She improved her writing ability by keeping a diary.她靠寫日記提高寫作能力。

5.意為“使……保持(某種狀態(tài)、位置、動作等)”。此時,要在keep引出的賓語后面接賓語補(bǔ)足語構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。其中,賓語補(bǔ)足語通常由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞等充當(dāng)。如:

1)Swimming helps to keep her heart and lungs healthy.游泳有助于她的心肺健康。(形容詞)

2)You’d better keep the child away from the fire.你最好讓孩子遠(yuǎn)離火。(副詞)

3)The bad weather keeps us inside the house.壞天氣使我們不能出門。(介詞短語)

4)Don’t keep your mother waiting for so long.不要讓你的母親等那么久。(現(xiàn)在分詞)

5)The other students in the class keep their eyes closed.班里其他學(xué)生閉著眼睛。(過去分詞)

例1(2016年銅仁卷)—How long can I______this book?

—Five days.But you must return it on time.

A.borrow B.lend C.keep D.kept

例2(2015年平?jīng)鼍恚㏒ome of the tired students keep their eyes______.

A.opened B.close C.closed D.open

例3(2016年丹東卷)請遵守學(xué)校的規(guī)章制度。(翻譯句子)

例4(2015年濟(jì)南卷)當(dāng)我們遇到煩惱或問題時,應(yīng)該告訴父母或朋友,而不是悶在心里。(完成句子)

When we meet with worries or problems,instead of______them to______,we should tell our parents or friends about them.

二、keep用作系動詞

“keep+表語”構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu),意為“保持;繼續(xù)(處于某種狀態(tài))”。其中,表語可由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語等充當(dāng)。如:

1)You need to do more exercise to keep fit.你應(yīng)該多運(yùn)動以保持健康。(形容詞)

2)Keep off the grass.請勿踐踏草地。(副詞)

3)Traffic in Britain keeps to the left.英國的交通是靠左側(cè)行駛的。(介詞短語)

例5(2016年上海卷)are good for,fruits and vegetables,to keep fit,people,fresh(連詞成句)

三、keep構(gòu)成的動詞短語和句型

1.keep away from意為“(使)離開;(使)不接近”。如:

Would you keep your dog away from my boy,please?請讓你的狗離我孩子遠(yuǎn)點(diǎn),好嗎?

2.keep(on)doing sth.意為“持續(xù)做某事;反復(fù)做某事”。如:

Keep trying and you will find you can remember things better.堅持嘗試,你會發(fā)現(xiàn)你可以更好地記住東西了。

3.keep...out(of)意為“遮擋;使……不進(jìn)入”。如:

Please keep the dog out of the study.別讓這只狗進(jìn)入書房。

4.keep up with意為“跟上;趕上”。如:

I had to walk fast to keep up with him.我要快走才能跟上他。

5.keep in touch(with sb.)意為“(與某人)保持聯(lián)系”。如:

I’ve kept in touch with my friends by writing letters.我一直用寫信的方式同我的朋友保持聯(lián)系。

6.keep...in mind意為“把……記在心里”。如:

The teacher asked us to keep these sentences in mind.老師要求我們把這些句子記在心里。

7.keep sb./sth.from doing sth.意為“阻止某人/某物做某事”。如:

We must keep them from getting to know our plans.一定不要讓他們知道我們的計劃。

例6(2015年昆明卷)Teachers encourage students to develop the habit of reading in order to______.

A.keep fresh in mind B.be slow in action

C.laugh at others D.complain about ages

例7(2016年白銀卷)他父親給了他一些遠(yuǎn)離吸煙的建議。(完成句子)

His father gave him some advice to___________from cigarettes.

例8(2016年漳州卷)—_____When winter comes,can spring be far behind?—Thank you,Miss Black.

A.Be careful.B.Keep trying.C.Don’t be here.

Key:1.C 2.C 3.Please follow/obey/keep the school rules.4.keeping;ourselves

5.Fresh fruits and vegetables are good for people to keep fit.6.A 7.stay/keep away 8.B

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