陳瓊榮 王滿香 郭芳 況晶 方娜 王明偉 金蘇 吳德 鄧云特魏少忠
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結(jié)直腸癌錯(cuò)配修復(fù)蛋白和微衛(wèi)星不穩(wěn)定檢測(cè)的對(duì)比分析
陳瓊榮1王滿香1郭芳1況晶1方娜1王明偉1金蘇1吳德1鄧云特1魏少忠2
目的 目前最常用的篩查結(jié)直腸癌DNA錯(cuò)配修復(fù)基因缺失的方法是免疫組化檢測(cè)錯(cuò)配修復(fù)(MMR)基因相關(guān)蛋白的表達(dá),以及基于PCR檢測(cè)多個(gè)微衛(wèi)星位點(diǎn)判斷有否微衛(wèi)星不穩(wěn)定(MSI)這2種方法,本研究主要目的是比較這二種檢測(cè)之間的一致性,并對(duì)分子病理室作室內(nèi)質(zhì)量控制。方法 收集2014年8月至2015年10月湖北省腫瘤醫(yī)院結(jié)直腸癌368例手術(shù)切除標(biāo)本,免疫組化常規(guī)檢測(cè)癌組織MLH1,PMS2,MSH2及MSH6這4種蛋白的表達(dá)。免疫組化顯示任一蛋白完全缺失,判讀為MMR蛋白缺失(dMMR);如癌細(xì)胞4個(gè)MMR有多少不等的核著色,判讀為MMR無缺失(pMMR)。選取其中的65例行PCR-毛細(xì)管電泳法檢測(cè)MSI,其中28例為pMMR,37例為dMMR。然后對(duì)這65例組織用PCR毛細(xì)管電泳法檢測(cè)Bethesda推薦的5個(gè)微衛(wèi)星位點(diǎn)。比對(duì)這65例患者上述二種檢測(cè)結(jié)果之間的一致性,并分析、整理其臨床病理特征。結(jié)果 368例結(jié)直腸癌中有37例免疫組化結(jié)果為dMMR中,其余331例為pMMR。37例中剔除2例后對(duì)其中35例行毛細(xì)管PCR法檢測(cè),顯示高頻MSI者32例,微衛(wèi)星穩(wěn)定(MSS)者3例。選取331例中的28例行PCR檢測(cè),顯示MSS者27例,MSI-H者1例。免疫組化法檢測(cè)的敏感度和特異性分別為97.0%和90.0%,PCR檢測(cè)結(jié)果的敏感度和特異性分別為91.4%和96.4%;二者總的一致性為93.7%。伴MSI的結(jié)直腸癌原發(fā)灶以右半結(jié)腸最多見(占48.6%),病理形態(tài)以低分化腺癌伴淋巴細(xì)胞浸潤和粘液分泌最常見,病理TNM分期以Ⅱ期和Ⅲ期為主。結(jié)論 免疫組化檢測(cè)MMR蛋白和基于PCR的毛細(xì)管電泳法檢測(cè)MSI二者的一致性高,其中免疫組化法可以作為臨床初篩結(jié)直腸癌微衛(wèi)星不穩(wěn)定性的一種經(jīng)濟(jì)而便捷的方法,值得推廣。
結(jié)直腸腫瘤; 免疫組織化學(xué); 微衛(wèi)星不穩(wěn)定; 錯(cuò)配修復(fù)蛋白
大約有15%的結(jié)直腸癌(colorectal carcinoma,CRC)是經(jīng)由微衛(wèi)星不穩(wěn)定(microsatellite instability,MSI)途徑發(fā)生的,而DNA錯(cuò)配修復(fù)(mismatch repair,MMR)基因的表達(dá)缺失、引起DNA復(fù)制過程中錯(cuò)配累積是MSI發(fā)生的原因[1]。Lynch綜合征是由MLH1、PMS2、MSH2、MSH6等MMR基因發(fā)生胚系突變所致的一種常染色體顯性遺傳病,除了發(fā)生結(jié)直腸癌外(約占全部CRC的2%~4%),還可發(fā)生子宮內(nèi)膜癌、膽管細(xì)胞癌等腸外腫瘤[1-2]。如果由于MLH1基因啟動(dòng)子發(fā)生甲基化使該基因沉默、發(fā)生微衛(wèi)星不穩(wěn)定性而致的CRC,人們稱之為散發(fā)性MSI性結(jié)直腸癌,約占全部CRC的12%左右[1,4]。
根據(jù)微衛(wèi)星不穩(wěn)定程度可分為:高頻微衛(wèi)星不穩(wěn)定(MSI-H),低頻微衛(wèi)星不穩(wěn)定(MSI-L)和微衛(wèi)星穩(wěn)定(MSS)。至少1個(gè)錯(cuò)配修復(fù)基因缺失(MMR deficient,dMMR),表現(xiàn)為MSI-H;錯(cuò)配修復(fù)基因無缺失(MMR proficient,pMMR)時(shí)表現(xiàn)為MSI-L或MSS[3-4]。TNM Ⅱ期或Ⅲ期的CRC伴MSI-H的患者預(yù)后更好,但接受5-FU為基礎(chǔ)的輔助化療并不獲益,而對(duì)含奧沙利鉑或伊立替康的化療有效[5-6]。2015年新英格蘭醫(yī)學(xué)雜志報(bào)道了一組使用PD1抑制劑pembrolizumab治療伴MSI-H的晚期、難治性結(jié)直腸癌患者,獲得了驚人的效果,開創(chuàng)了這類患者接受腫瘤免疫治療的先河,也使得臨床普遍開展結(jié)直腸癌MMR或MSI檢測(cè)更具臨床意義[7]。
目前國內(nèi)市場上已有商品化的、針對(duì)MLH1,PMS2,MSH2及MSH6這4種MMR蛋白的特異性單克隆抗體,自動(dòng)化免疫組化儀器的廣泛使用也使得這種檢測(cè)結(jié)果穩(wěn)定、可靠性強(qiáng),因此包括湖北省腫瘤醫(yī)院在內(nèi)的國內(nèi)多家大型三甲醫(yī)院的病理科已常規(guī)開展這種免疫組化檢測(cè)[8-9]。此外,分子病理室也能開展基于毛細(xì)管電泳的PCR法直接檢測(cè)常見微衛(wèi)星位點(diǎn)的不穩(wěn)定性,為這類特殊類型的CRC篩查提供依據(jù)[8-9]。正是基于此背景,湖北省腫瘤醫(yī)院病理科從2013年8月即開始對(duì)所有結(jié)直腸癌手術(shù)標(biāo)本行免疫組化檢測(cè)上述4種MMR蛋白,并選擇dMMR和部分pMMR者行PCR毛細(xì)管電泳法檢測(cè)MSI。本文既是對(duì)我們前一階段的這兩種檢測(cè)結(jié)果的比對(duì)分析,以了解IHC與PCR的一致性、可行性以及經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)用性,也是對(duì)分子病理室的一次質(zhì)控分析。
一、一般資料
收集湖北省腫瘤醫(yī)院2014年8月至2015年10月手術(shù)切除的368例結(jié)直腸癌標(biāo)本。一般資料包括性別,年齡及臨床病理資料等。
二、方法
10%中性磷酸緩沖福爾馬林液固定24 h~48 h,常規(guī)脫水、固定、石蠟包埋,免疫組化常規(guī)檢測(cè)如下4種MMR蛋白(MLH1,PMS2,MSH2及MSH6)的表達(dá)。MLH1,鼠單抗,克隆號(hào)ES05,即用型;PMS2,兔單抗,克隆號(hào)EP51,即用型;MSH2,鼠單抗,克隆號(hào)FE11,即用型;MSH6,兔單抗,克隆號(hào)EP49,即用型,上述一抗均為DAKO產(chǎn)品。所用二抗是DAKO EnVisionTM二步法抗兔、鼠通用型免疫組化試劑,所用免疫組化儀是DAKO AutostainerLink 48。每張切片含有的正常腸黏膜、腫瘤間質(zhì)細(xì)胞、炎癥細(xì)胞作為內(nèi)對(duì)照(核陽性著染)。依據(jù)文獻(xiàn)判讀免疫組化染色結(jié)果[10]:內(nèi)對(duì)照細(xì)胞核陽性而癌細(xì)胞全陰性(即沒有1個(gè)細(xì)胞核著色)時(shí),表明該蛋白表達(dá)缺失。兩個(gè)病理主治醫(yī)師(王滿香和郭芳)閱片,如果有分歧,請(qǐng)第三個(gè)高年資病理醫(yī)師(陳瓊榮,消化腫瘤亞專業(yè))裁決。
在這368例接受MMR檢測(cè)的病例中,選擇dMMR者(37例),或有一項(xiàng)MMR蛋白表達(dá)弱于內(nèi)對(duì)照、或患者年齡小于50歲、或有明顯的家族史者(即部分pMMR),共28例,行PCR-毛細(xì)管電泳檢測(cè)MSI:選取每例癌組織豐富的蠟塊以及相應(yīng)的遠(yuǎn)癌切端腸壁組織塊做對(duì)照,每個(gè)蠟塊切10張4 μm厚組織,刮取細(xì)胞豐富區(qū),用Qiagen公司的石蠟組織DNA提取試劑盒(德國)提取DNA;采用上海源奇公司生產(chǎn)的MSI檢測(cè)試劑盒擴(kuò)增Bethesda推薦的5個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)微衛(wèi)星位點(diǎn)(BAT25、BAT26、D2S123、D5S346及D17S250)[11-12],其中BAT25、BAT26為單核苷酸重復(fù)序列,D2S123、D5S346、D17S250為雙核苷酸重復(fù)序列。美國ABI公司的Applied Biosystems 3500基因分析儀檢測(cè)熒光標(biāo)志的PCR產(chǎn)物長度并用GeneMapperV4.1軟件分析結(jié)果。如果這5個(gè)位點(diǎn)中有任何2個(gè)或以上的位點(diǎn)不一致(即≥40%),即評(píng)判為MSI-H;只有1個(gè)位點(diǎn)不一致,判為MSI-L;無位點(diǎn)偏移者判為MSS[11-12]。
收集上述做MSI檢測(cè)的65例CRC患者的臨床信息:患者年齡、性別、癌灶發(fā)生的部位,并顯微鏡下觀察癌組織的分化程度、淋巴細(xì)胞浸潤情況并按照美國癌癥聯(lián)合會(huì)(American Joint Committee On Cancer,AJCC)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)評(píng)估pTNM分期[13]。
一、MMR蛋白免疫組化染色結(jié)果
368例接受MMR蛋白免疫組化染色中,所有內(nèi)對(duì)照(正常黏膜腺體和腫瘤間質(zhì)成分)細(xì)胞核著色呈棕褐色,有37例癌組織中至少1種MMR蛋白完全不著色,判讀為MMR蛋白缺失(dMMR)。其中1例放療后直腸癌和另1例混合性腺神經(jīng)內(nèi)分泌癌被剔除,剩余35例dMMR。這35例中MLH1和PMS2聯(lián)合缺失者21例(圖1 A、1 B、1 C),MSH2和MSH6聯(lián)合缺失者9例(圖1 D、1 E、1 F),有3例顯示PMS2單一缺失,2例顯示MSH6單一缺失。
二、PCR-毛細(xì)管電泳法及與免疫組化檢測(cè)結(jié)果一致性的分析
35例免疫組化檢測(cè)結(jié)果為dMMR中,PCR檢測(cè)顯示MSI-H者32例(圖2),MSS者3例。選取免疫組化顯示無MMR蛋白缺失者(pMMR)28例作PCR-毛細(xì)管電泳法檢測(cè)Bethesda推薦的5個(gè)微衛(wèi)星位點(diǎn),結(jié)果為MSS者27例,MSI-H者1例。我們假定PCR法檢測(cè)結(jié)果為真,分析免疫組化法的敏感度和特異性分別為97.0%和90.0%,二者總的一致性為93.7%(表1)。從另一個(gè)角度分析,即假定IHC檢測(cè)結(jié)果為真,分析PCR檢測(cè)結(jié)果的敏感度和特異性分別為91.4%和96.4%,二者總的一致性為93.7%(表2)。
三、臨床病理資料
上述63例既做了MMR又做了MSI檢測(cè)的CRC患者中,男性患者43人,女性20人,男女之比約2:1。年齡27~84歲,中位年齡57歲。發(fā)病部位以右半結(jié)腸為主,免疫組化檢測(cè)結(jié)果為dMMR的35例CRC患者中,右半結(jié)腸癌(其中升結(jié)腸癌和回盲部癌18例,橫結(jié)腸癌2例)20例,占57.1%;其次是直腸癌8例,占22.9%;其他左半結(jié)腸(降結(jié)腸3例,乙狀結(jié)腸4例)7例,占20.0%。35例dMMR結(jié)直腸癌中,以MLH1和/或PMS2缺失為主,共有24例(其中PMS2單一缺失3例);而MSH2和/或MSH6缺失者只有11例(其中MSH6單一缺失2例)。這35例dMMR的CRC中,低分化或中分化腺癌伴明顯腫瘤浸潤性淋巴細(xì)胞(tumor infiltrating lymphocyte,TIL)者13例,部分粘液腺癌13例(其中5例合并低分化腺癌),純粘液腺癌3例,中分化或高分化腺癌且不伴黏液分泌、或不伴明顯淋巴細(xì)胞反應(yīng)者共11例。這35例CRC中病理TNM分期為I期者2例,II期者23例,III期者10例。
用免疫組化檢測(cè)結(jié)直腸癌MMR蛋白的表達(dá)以及PCR檢測(cè)MSI位點(diǎn)的方法是WHO以及各類指南推薦的篩查Lynch綜合征的方法,二者之間的一致性也很高[1-4,8-9,11-12,14-16]。湖北省腫瘤醫(yī)院從2013年8月即開始對(duì)所有結(jié)直腸癌手術(shù)標(biāo)本行免疫組化檢測(cè)上述4種MMR蛋白的表達(dá),并對(duì)其中dMMR或可疑Lynch綜合征者行PCR毛細(xì)管電泳檢測(cè)MSI以進(jìn)一步確證MMR檢測(cè)結(jié)果。對(duì)前一階段這兩種檢測(cè)結(jié)果比對(duì)分析并復(fù)習(xí)文獻(xiàn)后,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)二者之間的一致性高達(dá)93.7%,當(dāng)然也發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些問題,為下一步改良我們的工作提供依據(jù)。
圖1 A、B、C顯示1例84歲女性患者右半結(jié)腸癌病理特征:A圖顯示低分化腺癌(HE 染色,×20倍);B圖免疫組化判讀為PMS2缺失(IHC染色,×40倍);C圖免疫組化MSH6表達(dá)正常(IHC染色,×40倍)。D、E、F顯示另1例27歲男性患者右半結(jié)腸癌病理特征:D圖顯示中分化腺癌伴粘液成分(HE染色,×100倍);E圖免疫組化判讀為MSH6缺失(IHC染色,×100倍);F圖免疫組化MLH1表達(dá)正常(IHC染色,×40倍)
在368例手術(shù)切除的結(jié)直腸癌病例中,我們用免疫組化的方法篩查出37例MMR蛋白至少有一項(xiàng)完全缺失者,約占全部CRC病例的10.0%,低于國外文獻(xiàn)的數(shù)據(jù)[17],但與Ye等最近報(bào)道的中國結(jié)直腸癌人群的數(shù)據(jù)相當(dāng)[18]。剔除其中放療后直腸癌和混合性腺神經(jīng)內(nèi)分泌癌各1例后,只對(duì)35例進(jìn)一步MSI檢測(cè)和臨床病理分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)最常見的是右半結(jié)腸癌占57.1%,這一點(diǎn)與文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道一致[19];而直腸癌位居第二,這可能與我國直腸癌發(fā)病率相對(duì)較高有關(guān)[20]。其他臨床病理特征,如中-低分化腺癌伴淋巴細(xì)胞浸潤、純粘液腺癌或合并粘液腺癌、病理TNM分期以II期和III期為主等,與文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道均相符[19,21]。此外,我們還發(fā)現(xiàn)37.1%的dMMR癌組織中伴有豐富的淋巴細(xì)胞浸潤,這也為這類CRC今后接受腫瘤免疫治療提供了證據(jù)[7,22-23]。
對(duì)比分析免疫組化檢測(cè)MMR與PCR-毛細(xì)管電泳法檢測(cè)MSI的結(jié)果,發(fā)現(xiàn)二者敏感度和特異性均在90%以上,二者之間的一致性高達(dá)93.7%。相對(duì)而言,免疫組化的敏感度高于PCR,而特異性相反。我們的結(jié)果與大多數(shù)文獻(xiàn)一致[4,15,19,21]。因此,用簡便而經(jīng)濟(jì)的免疫組化檢測(cè)結(jié)直腸癌組織MMR蛋白可作為一種初篩的手段,易于在各病理實(shí)驗(yàn)室開展[15]。但我們?cè)诤瞬闄z測(cè)結(jié)果的時(shí)候,發(fā)現(xiàn)有3例初始IHC檢測(cè)判讀為dMMR,做PCR檢測(cè)發(fā)現(xiàn)是MSS,然后復(fù)閱IHC切片,發(fā)現(xiàn)有2例內(nèi)對(duì)照陽性很弱,后重復(fù)IHC檢測(cè)后判讀為pMMR;另1例僅有不足10%的癌細(xì)胞陽性但閱片時(shí)漏診而致假陰性判讀。復(fù)習(xí)文獻(xiàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)也有類似的報(bào)道[10,15,24]。因此,為了得到可靠的MMR免疫組化檢測(cè)結(jié)果,我們認(rèn)為必須注意如下幾點(diǎn):(1)選擇帶正常腸黏膜且癌組織豐富的切片做IHC染色;(2)加強(qiáng)免疫組化技術(shù)的質(zhì)量控制,從標(biāo)本的切開、固定、到免疫組化操作過程(比如一抗的修復(fù)和濃度的摸索、DAB顯色時(shí)間的控制等),均需嚴(yán)格質(zhì)控[25];(3)最好由相對(duì)固定的、認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé)且經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的消化病理醫(yī)師閱片判讀IHC結(jié)果[24]。
我們檢測(cè)的35例dMMR結(jié)直腸癌中,以MLH1和/或PMS2缺失最為多見(24例),這與文獻(xiàn)也是相符的[15,21,26]。另外,我們還發(fā)現(xiàn)MSH6單缺失有2例,其中1例是MSI-H,1例是MSS。文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道[27-30]孤立性的MSH6蛋白缺失時(shí),由于其功能冗余,可能不足以導(dǎo)致MSI的發(fā)生;因此我們的檢測(cè)結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了這一點(diǎn),同時(shí)也說明PCR檢測(cè)微衛(wèi)星不穩(wěn)定性的敏感度難以達(dá)到100%,正如免疫組化檢測(cè)MMR缺失的敏感度也只有97.0%一樣[15]。
圖2 顯示1例57歲男性患者乙狀結(jié)腸癌組織和相應(yīng)的正常遠(yuǎn)癌切斷組織的PCR毛細(xì)管電泳法檢測(cè)Bethesda推薦的5個(gè)微衛(wèi)星位點(diǎn)的檢測(cè)結(jié)果,紅色箭頭顯示癌組織的4個(gè)位點(diǎn)(D5S346,Bat-25,D17S250和Bat-26)相較于正常切端組織發(fā)生了位點(diǎn)偏移,判讀為MSI-H
表1 免疫組化檢測(cè)MMR蛋白比對(duì)PCR檢測(cè)MSI的分析(例)
表2 PCR檢測(cè)MSI比對(duì)免疫組化檢測(cè)MMR蛋白的分析(例)
因此,到目前為止,大多數(shù)文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道的MMR和MSI的檢測(cè)都不能達(dá)到100%的敏感度和特異性(相對(duì)于基因突變分析而言),但人們總在努力降低其假陰性和假陽性率,特別是針對(duì)花費(fèi)比較高的MSI檢測(cè)。目前我們分子病理室選用的是Bethesda推薦的5個(gè)位點(diǎn),但有很多文獻(xiàn)推薦檢測(cè)5個(gè)單核苷酸位點(diǎn)、6個(gè)甚至10個(gè)單和雙核苷酸位點(diǎn)的MSI檢測(cè)法,可以提高其敏感度和特異性[4,8,26,31-34]。此外,有學(xué)者提出用顯微切割技術(shù)選擇癌細(xì)胞豐富區(qū)做PCR,特別是對(duì)粘液腺癌的病例意義重大[34];我們有1例粘液腺癌做免疫組化顯示很肯定的dMMR,但PCR檢測(cè)為MSS,我們推測(cè)這可能是由于送檢的癌組織量沒有達(dá)到70%而導(dǎo)致PCR檢測(cè)MSI假陰性的發(fā)生。
雖然我們客觀真實(shí)的總結(jié)了我們的數(shù)據(jù)以期跟同行分享我們的經(jīng)驗(yàn),但本文也有明顯的局限性:(1)由于我們病例選擇有限,因此我們得到的數(shù)據(jù)可能存在偏倚;(2)PCR選擇的Bethesda推薦的5個(gè)位點(diǎn),BAT25,BAT26是單核苷酸重復(fù)序列,另三個(gè)是雙核苷酸重復(fù)序列;而文獻(xiàn)建議檢測(cè)5個(gè)或6個(gè)的單核苷酸位點(diǎn)或單核苷酸聯(lián)合雙核苷酸的10個(gè)位點(diǎn)的PCR檢測(cè)[4,8,26,31-34],可以明顯提高M(jìn)SI檢測(cè)的敏感度和特異性。因此,下一步,我們將以本文的數(shù)據(jù)為依據(jù),更新我們的MSI檢測(cè);(3)本文中配對(duì)檢測(cè)MMR和MSI的63例結(jié)直腸癌組織沒有行相關(guān)基因測(cè)序分析,因此,對(duì)這兩種檢測(cè)結(jié)果的比對(duì)分析缺乏一個(gè)金標(biāo)準(zhǔn),所得出的分析數(shù)據(jù)可能存在偏差;(4)對(duì)可疑Lynch綜合征的患者,我們只收集了其中部分患者的家族史信息,缺乏完整的家系調(diào)查結(jié)果,這也影響了本文分析的深度和廣度。
總之,本文是對(duì)我院病理科免疫組化檢測(cè)結(jié)直腸癌MMR蛋白、PCR-毛細(xì)管電泳法檢測(cè)MSI的一組對(duì)比分析,顯示這兩種方法檢測(cè)結(jié)果的一致性高達(dá)93.7%,二者相對(duì)的敏感度和特異性均達(dá)90%以上。其中免疫組化經(jīng)濟(jì)、簡便,易于推廣,而且可以揭示缺失的基因種類,有利于下一步基因測(cè)序分析。此外,做好免疫組化和PCR檢測(cè)的質(zhì)控和技術(shù)更新,加強(qiáng)對(duì)相關(guān)技術(shù)人員和醫(yī)師的培訓(xùn),盡量降低假陰性和假陽性的比率,這樣可望提高結(jié)直腸癌患者M(jìn)MR/MSI的檢測(cè)的準(zhǔn)確性。
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Testing mismatch repair proteins versus microsatellite instability in colorectal carcinoma
Chen Qiongrong1,Wang Manxiang1,Guo Fang1,Kuang Jing1,F(xiàn)ang Na1,Wang Mingwei1,Jin Su1,Wu De1,Deng Yunte1,Wei Shaozhong2.1Department of Pathology;2Department of Gastrointestinal Surgical Oncology,Hubei Cancer Hospital,Wuhan 430079,China
Wei Shaozhong,Email: weishaozhong@163.com
Objective Immunohistochemical(IHC) staining for mismatch repair (MMR) proteins and PCR-based detection for microsatellite status are routinely performed on colorectal carcinoma (CRC)surgical samples.However,the concordance of the two detections,which is related to the quality control of our molecular pathology laboratory,is unknown so far.So the main aim of this study is to compare the differences between the two analyses and to improve our work.Methods IHC analyzed the expression of MLH1,PMS2,MSH2 and MSH6 which was performed on 368 cases of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded(FFPE) CRC tissues.If any one protein is negative in all of cancer cells but positive in normal colorectal mucosa,the IHC staining was reported as mismatch repair defective (dMMR).If the four MMR proteinsare expressed in the nucleus of one or more cancer cells,the IHC result was interpreted as mismatch repair proficient (pMMR).All of the 37 cases of dMMR and selected 28 cases of pMMR were tested by PCR-based MSI analysis.Paired normal and cancer DNA samples isolated from the FFPE tissues were tested for MSI using Bethesda recommended 5 markers (BAT25,BAT26,D2S123,D5S346,D17S250).At last the results of IHC and PCR were compared and their concordance were analyzed.Results IHC analyses were performed on 368 cases of CRC,among which 37 cases were dMMR and 331 cases were pMMR.After excluding 2 cases from the 37 samples,the remained 35 samples were tested for MSI,among which 32 samples were high-level microsatellite instability (MSI-H) and 3 samples were microsatellite stable (MSS).In addition,28 cases of pMMR samples were selected to be tested by PCR for MSI,among which 27 cases were MSS but one case was MSI-H.The sensitivity and specificity of immunohistochemistry was 97.0% and 90.0%,separately,the sensitivity and specificity of PCR was 91.4% and 96.4%,separately,and the total concordance of the two detections achieved 93.7%.The most common original site of dMMR CRC was right hemicolon (occupying 48.6%),and the most common pathological features included mucous adenocarcinoma,poor differentiated adenocarcinoma with lymphocytes infiltration,and pathologic TNM stage Ⅱ and stage Ⅲ.Conclusions The total concordance of the immunohistochemistry for MMR proteins and PCR-based MSI testing achieved 93.7%,and the former is an economic and quick screening method which is deserved to be popularized in China.Moreover,we have to emphasize the important role of intra and external laboratory quality control of the two methods and then to improve the process,so as to increase the testing accuracy.
Colorectal neoplasms; Immunohistochemistry; Microsatellite instability;Mismatch repair proteins
2016-05-15)
(本文編輯:關(guān)旭)
10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-3224.2016.05.006
湖北省衛(wèi)生廳重點(diǎn)資助項(xiàng)目(No.JX6A06);湖北省自然科學(xué)基金重點(diǎn)資助項(xiàng)目(No.2013CFA078);湖北省自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(No.2013CFC022)
430079 湖北省腫瘤醫(yī)院病理科1;湖北省腫瘤醫(yī)院胃腸腫瘤外科2
魏少忠,Email:weishaozhong@163.com
陳瓊榮,王滿香,郭芳,等.結(jié)直腸癌錯(cuò)配修復(fù)蛋白和微衛(wèi)星不穩(wěn)定檢測(cè)的對(duì)比分析[J/CD]中華結(jié)直腸疾病電子雜志,2016,5(5):398-404.