徐先容
湖北省隨州市中醫(yī)醫(yī)院(隨州 441300)
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黃芪桂枝五物湯加減對卵巢癌TP方案化療引起神經(jīng)毒性的防治效果*
徐先容
湖北省隨州市中醫(yī)醫(yī)院(隨州 441300)
摘要目的:探討卵巢癌TP方案化療所致神經(jīng)毒性采取黃芪桂枝五物湯加減的防治作用。方法:選擇我院2012年3月至2014年10月收治的76例卵巢癌介紹TP方案化療患者為研究對象,隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為對照組及觀察組,每組38例,分別使用甲鈷胺片及黃芪桂枝五物湯加減防治神經(jīng)毒性,對治療后各指標(biāo)變化進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果:觀察組化療6周期后神經(jīng)毒性發(fā)生率為34.21%,對照組為63.16%,且觀察組神經(jīng)毒性分級低于對照組(P<0.05);化療前的神經(jīng)傳導(dǎo)速度兩組無差異,經(jīng)化療6周期后,觀察組神經(jīng)傳導(dǎo)速度變化較對照組低(P<0.05)。結(jié)論:卵巢癌TP方案化療所致神經(jīng)毒性采取黃芪桂枝五物湯加減可有效,降低神經(jīng)毒性發(fā)生率,保護(hù)神經(jīng)傳導(dǎo)速度,值得應(yīng)用。
主題詞卵巢腫瘤/中西醫(yī)結(jié)合療法補(bǔ)氣劑/治療應(yīng)用@黃芪桂枝五物湯
卵巢癌是一種常見的女性惡性腫瘤,據(jù)流行病學(xué)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)[1],卵巢癌發(fā)病率呈逐年上升、年輕化趨勢。針對卵巢癌實(shí)施化療是控制病情發(fā)展的主要方法,而TP方案是對卵巢癌等進(jìn)行治療首選一線化療方案,其中包含順鉑、紫杉醇等化療藥物,具有較明顯的周圍神經(jīng)毒性,化療后會明顯增加患者痛苦,甚至?xí)?dǎo)致部分患者難以耐受而終止化療。有學(xué)者發(fā)現(xiàn)[2],中藥對緩解化療所致神經(jīng)毒性,減輕身體負(fù)擔(dān)具有積極作用。本組研究對卵巢癌行TP方案化療患者實(shí)施黃芪桂枝五物湯治療,以甲鈷胺作對照,現(xiàn)作如下報道:
臨床資料選擇我院2012年3月至2014年10月收治的76例卵巢癌介紹TP方案化療患者為研究對象,符合《腫瘤規(guī)范化診療指南》[3]中卵巢癌診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為對照組及觀察組,每組38例,對照組:年齡32~68歲,平均年齡45.3±5.8歲;觀察組:年齡31~65歲,平均年齡44.9±5.5歲。兩組患者一般資料無差異(P>0.05),存在可比性。
治療方法兩組患者均接受TP方案化療,紫杉醇130~180mg/m2靜脈滴注3h,d1;順鉑80mg/m2靜脈滴注,d1~3;共進(jìn)行化療6個周期,在化療過程中,使用5-HT3抑制劑、止吐藥物等,21d化療一次;對照組在化療周期第一天使用甲鈷胺膠囊0.5mg/次口服,3次/d,口服兩周;觀察組在每周期第一天給予黃芪桂枝五物湯加減治療,方藥為:白芍、桂枝各12g,黃芪25g,大棗6枚,生姜15g;下肢麻木者加牛膝8g,木瓜、杜仲各10g;上肢麻木者加姜黃8g,桑枝10g;血虛者加當(dāng)歸15g,熟地10g;嘔吐者加陳皮15g,法半夏12g;加清水浸泡30min后,煎煮至150mL藥汁,每日一劑,共口服2周。
觀察指標(biāo)化療期間記錄兩組患者的溫度、痛覺、皮膚觸覺靈敏度,根據(jù)WHO指定的神經(jīng)毒性評定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行判斷[4]:分為0級~I(xiàn)V級;化療前及化療6個月周期后測定腓神經(jīng)、正中神經(jīng)感覺神經(jīng)傳導(dǎo)速度(SNCV)、運(yùn)動神經(jīng)傳導(dǎo)速度(MNCV)。
治療結(jié)果神經(jīng)毒性發(fā)生情況觀察組化療6周期后神經(jīng)毒性發(fā)生率為34.21%,對照組為63.16%,且觀察組神經(jīng)毒性分級低于對照組,差異存在統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見表1。
表1 兩組患者化療6周期后
注:與對照組相比,△P<0.05
化療前神經(jīng)傳導(dǎo)速度變化化療前的神經(jīng)傳導(dǎo)速度兩組無差異,經(jīng)化療6周期后,觀察組神經(jīng)傳導(dǎo)速度變化較對照組小(P<0.05),見表2。
表2 兩組患者治療前后的神經(jīng)傳導(dǎo)速度對比±s,m/s)
注:與化療前對比,△P<0.05;與對照組化療6周期后對比,▲P<0.05
討論TP方案化療為卵巢癌的一線化療方案,其中含有順鉑與紫杉醇等藥物,會產(chǎn)生神經(jīng)毒性,不利于治療順利進(jìn)行。順鉑為金屬鉑類絡(luò)合物化療藥物,具有較高的周圍神經(jīng)親和力,可在背根神經(jīng)節(jié)中蓄積,引發(fā)神經(jīng)細(xì)胞胞核、胞體、核仁等皺縮,核仁皺縮,大多數(shù)學(xué)者認(rèn)為是出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)錄受抑制形成的改變。有學(xué)者發(fā)現(xiàn)[5],其引發(fā)神經(jīng)毒性,與干擾神經(jīng)細(xì)胞微管合成等因素呈密切相關(guān)性。針對化療所致神經(jīng)毒性,必須及時采取措施緩解,確?;燀樌M(jìn)行,延長患者生存時間。
有學(xué)者[6]使用甲鈷胺片對化療所致神經(jīng)毒性治療,具有一定作用,本組研究將其作為對照組;但是經(jīng)本組研究發(fā)現(xiàn),觀察組化療6個周期后,無患者發(fā)生IV級神經(jīng)毒性,且神經(jīng)毒性發(fā)生率明顯低于對照組,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,顯示黃芪桂枝五物湯加減對卵巢癌TP方案化療所致神經(jīng)毒性具有顯著防治作用,對周圍神經(jīng)具有一定保護(hù)效果。中醫(yī)將感覺異常、肢體麻木、運(yùn)動障礙等神經(jīng)毒性的病變歸屬于“痹證”范疇,治療以化瘀通絡(luò)、養(yǎng)血補(bǔ)氣為主。黃芪桂枝五物湯為張仲景治療痹癥藥方,具有通痹和血、溫經(jīng)益氣之效。方中黃芪為君藥,可養(yǎng)血補(bǔ)氣,推動血液運(yùn)行;桂枝為臣藥,可通血脈、補(bǔ)元陽,助陽化氣,溫經(jīng)通脈;白芍為佐藥,具有養(yǎng)血柔肝、理血和營之功;大棗與生姜為使藥,具有調(diào)和、營衛(wèi)之效。
TP方案化療后所引發(fā)神經(jīng)毒性有感覺異常、肢體麻木等癥狀,初始表現(xiàn)為腳、手等肢體末端出現(xiàn)感覺減退,在化療72h后出現(xiàn)。神經(jīng)毒性病機(jī)為化療藥物使機(jī)體正氣受損,氣虛以致血行不暢,氣虛以致血脈難以推動,形成脈絡(luò)受阻,筋脈失養(yǎng);黃芪桂枝五物湯可起到筋脈舒暢、推動氣血運(yùn)行之效,起到緩解神經(jīng)毒性作用;黃芪桂枝五物湯對神經(jīng)傳導(dǎo)速度具有一定保護(hù)作用,從而緩解化療所致的血性不暢,利于經(jīng)絡(luò)暢通。
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(收稿2015-11-25;修回2015-12-22)
Control effect of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu decoction on neurotoxicity which caused by TP chemotherapy regimen of ovarian cancer
Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics,Suizhou Hosptial of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Suizhou 441300 )
Xu Xianrong
ABSTRACTObjective: To investigate the preventive and therapeutic effect of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu decoction on neurotoxicity which caused by TP chemotherapy regimen of ovarian cancer. Methods: 76 patients with ovarian cancer who were introduced with TP chemotherapy regimen in our hospital from March 2012 to October 2014 were selected as the research object and randomly divided into control group (38 cases) and observation group (38 cases). Neurotoxicity was treated with Mecobalamin tablets and Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu decoction respectively, and the changes of each index were analyzed after treatment. Results: The observation group’s incidence of neurotoxicity after 6 cycles was 34.21%, and that of the control group was 63.16%, and the grade of neurotoxicity in observation group was lower than that in the control group; the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); the nerve conduction velocity before chemotherapy in the two groups has no significant difference, after 6 cycles' chemotherapy, the changes of nerve conduction velocity in observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion: It is effective to use Huangqiguizhi Wuwu decoction to treat neurotoxicity which caused by TP chemotherapy regimen of ovarian cancer, and it can reduce the incidence of neurotoxicity, protect the nerve conduction velocity, therefore it is worthy of application.
KEY WORDSOvarian cancer/intergrative therapyQi-Reinforcing agents/therapeutic uses@Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu decoction
【中圖分類號】R737.31
【文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼】A
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-7369.2016.04.005
*湖北省科技廳項(xiàng)目 (EK2103D230012001193)