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微量肉湯稀釋法比較分析不同培養(yǎng)時(shí)間念珠菌屬對(duì)唑類藥物的敏感性

2016-02-22 02:10郭莉娜徐志鵬王瑤王賀趙穎肖盟徐英春
中國(guó)真菌學(xué)雜志 2016年6期
關(guān)鍵詞:伊曲康唑伏立康肉湯

郭莉娜 徐志鵬 王瑤 王賀 趙穎 肖盟 徐英春

(中國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院 北京協(xié)和醫(yī)院檢驗(yàn)科,北京 100730)

·論著·

微量肉湯稀釋法比較分析不同培養(yǎng)時(shí)間念珠菌屬對(duì)唑類藥物的敏感性

郭莉娜 徐志鵬 王瑤 王賀 趙穎 肖盟 徐英春

(中國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院 北京協(xié)和醫(yī)院檢驗(yàn)科,北京 100730)

目的 探討微量肉湯稀釋法檢測(cè)念珠菌屬對(duì)唑類藥物的體外敏感性時(shí),培養(yǎng)24 h和48 h讀取MIC值的差異。方法 微量肉湯稀釋法檢測(cè)653株念珠菌對(duì)氟康唑、伏立康唑和伊曲康唑的體外藥物敏感性,分別于24 h和48 h讀取MIC值,比較不同孵育時(shí)間所得MIC總一致率 (EA)、敏感性判定一致率 (CA)及敏感性判定錯(cuò)誤率 (Error)。結(jié)果 絕大多數(shù)念珠菌培養(yǎng)24 h能夠生長(zhǎng)充分并進(jìn)行MIC值讀??;孵育24 h和48 h讀取MIC值總EA較好,分別為:氟康唑 (91.9%),伏立康唑 (92.0%),伊曲康唑 (95.6%);CA分別為氟康唑 (96.9%),伏立康唑 (90.4%),伊曲康唑 (88.2%),不同菌種類型CA有差異;未發(fā)現(xiàn)極嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤 (VME)的結(jié)果,錯(cuò)誤多為一般錯(cuò)誤 (MiE),653株菌敏感性判定錯(cuò)誤率ME/MiE分別為氟康唑 (1.7%/2.9%)、伏立康唑 (2.0%/10.6%)和伊曲康唑 (1.5%/13.0%)。結(jié)論 微量肉湯稀釋法檢測(cè)念珠菌屬對(duì)唑類藥物體外敏感性時(shí),孵育24 h與48 h MIC值一致率較好,24 h讀取MIC值可縮短藥敏報(bào)告時(shí)間,減少拖尾現(xiàn)象導(dǎo)致的判讀錯(cuò)誤。

微量肉湯稀釋法;藥敏試驗(yàn);念珠菌;唑類;MIC值

[Chin J Mycol,2016,11(6):332-336]

近幾十年來(lái),隨著侵襲性真菌感染逐年增多,抗真菌藥物的選用以及真菌耐藥現(xiàn)象已成為臨床實(shí)際工作中的一個(gè)重要難題,特別是對(duì)于免疫受損人群[1]。臨床微生物實(shí)驗(yàn)室積極開(kāi)展真菌體外藥物敏感性檢測(cè)對(duì)臨床醫(yī)生合理使用抗真菌藥物、了解本地區(qū)真菌耐藥特征及流行病學(xué)研究均提供了充分的理論依據(jù)和數(shù)據(jù)支撐。真菌體外藥物敏感性檢測(cè)不僅有助于選擇臨床治療可能有效的藥物,更重要的功能是避開(kāi)臨床極有可能無(wú)效的藥物,即中介或耐藥。

目前多種方法可用于念珠菌體外藥物敏感性檢測(cè),其中美國(guó)臨床和實(shí)驗(yàn)室標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化委員會(huì) (CLSI)推薦的微量肉湯稀釋法被認(rèn)為是金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方法,該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)詳細(xì)規(guī)定了微量肉湯稀釋法的操作流程及藥敏判定折點(diǎn)。早期的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文件M27-A3[2]指出氟康唑的MIC值讀取時(shí)間可以是24 h或48 h,但藥敏折點(diǎn)是基于48 h MIC值 (CLSI M27-S3)[3],而伏立康唑和伊曲康唑的MIC讀取時(shí)間是48 h。近來(lái)CLSI委員會(huì)基于24 h培養(yǎng)制定了新的敏感性判定折點(diǎn) (CLSI M27-S4)[4]及流行病學(xué)折點(diǎn) (ECVs)[5],推薦對(duì)絕大多數(shù)念珠菌來(lái)說(shuō),孵育24 h可以生長(zhǎng)充分并進(jìn)行MIC值讀取,這樣既可以為臨床更快地報(bào)告藥敏結(jié)果,又可以降低實(shí)驗(yàn)室工作人員勞動(dòng)量,提高工作效率。

那么究竟24 h和48 h讀取MIC有什么差異?本研究將從以下三個(gè)方面對(duì)微量肉湯稀釋法檢測(cè)念珠菌對(duì)唑類藥物體外敏感性時(shí)孵育24 h和48 h MIC值進(jìn)行比較:①M(fèi)IC值總一致率 (essential agreement,EA)。②敏感性判定一致率 (categorical agreement,CA)。③敏感性判定錯(cuò)誤率 (Errors),探討對(duì)于念珠菌屬,培養(yǎng)24 h和48 h讀取MIC值一致率情況。

1 材料與方法

1.1 菌株來(lái)源

2012~2013年從各類臨床標(biāo)本中分離到的念珠菌共653株,其中包括白念珠菌364株,光滑念珠菌89株,熱帶念珠菌90株,近平滑念珠菌90株,克柔念珠菌8株,葡萄牙念珠菌4株,季也蒙念珠菌8株;質(zhì)控菌株ATCC22019近平滑念珠菌和ATCC6258克柔念珠菌。

1.2 材料與儀器

氟康唑、伏立康唑、伊曲康唑標(biāo)準(zhǔn)物質(zhì) (中國(guó)食品藥品檢定研究院);科瑪嘉顯色培養(yǎng)基 (法國(guó)科瑪嘉公司);沙氏培養(yǎng)基 (英國(guó)OXOID公司);RPMI 1640培養(yǎng)基,含谷氨酰胺不含碳酸氫鹽并以酚紅為指示劑,使用0.165 mol/L MOPS緩沖液調(diào)pH7.0±0.1 (德國(guó)sigma-aldrich公司);無(wú)菌U型96孔板 (江蘇省海門盛泰實(shí)驗(yàn)器材廠);全自動(dòng)加樣儀器Sensititre AIM○R(賽默飛世爾科技公司)。

1.3 方法

菌種鑒定 所有菌株經(jīng)科馬嘉顯色培養(yǎng)基傳代培養(yǎng)進(jìn)行初步鑒定,純培養(yǎng)物采用MALDI-TOF MS (Vitek MS,法國(guó)生物梅里埃公司)質(zhì)譜儀進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確鑒定,質(zhì)譜儀鑒定可信度低者或顯色表型與質(zhì)譜儀鑒定結(jié)果不一致的菌株采用rDNA內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)錄間隔區(qū) (internal transcribed spacer,ITS1,5.8S,ITS2)序列分析的方法準(zhǔn)確定種,引物序列見(jiàn)文獻(xiàn)[6]。

敏感性檢測(cè) 微量肉湯稀釋法操作嚴(yán)格按照美國(guó)臨床和實(shí)驗(yàn)室標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化委員會(huì) (CLSI)推薦的方法M27-A3[2]進(jìn)行,抗真菌藥物濃度范圍:氟康唑0.125~64 μg/mL,伏立康唑0.031 3~16 μg/mL,伊曲康唑0.031 3~16 μg/mL,孵育條件為35℃空氣培養(yǎng)箱,24 h和48 h各進(jìn)行一次讀數(shù),結(jié)果判讀與生長(zhǎng)對(duì)照孔相比50%抑制的MIC值,氟康唑和伏立康唑敏感性判定折點(diǎn)參考文件CLSI M27-S4[4],對(duì)于暫無(wú)可參考敏感性判定折點(diǎn)的菌種或抗真菌藥物參考文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道的流行病學(xué)折點(diǎn) (ECVs)[5]。

質(zhì)量控制 每批次微量肉湯稀釋法藥敏試驗(yàn),質(zhì)控菌株ATCC22019近平滑念珠菌和ATCC6258克柔念珠菌隨試驗(yàn)菌株平行操作,質(zhì)控菌株24 h和48 h MIC值范圍參考CLSI文件M27-S4[4],質(zhì)控菌株超出參考范圍時(shí)的藥敏結(jié)果不參加最后統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。

結(jié)果分析 按照文獻(xiàn)[7-9]報(bào)道的計(jì)算方法,培養(yǎng)24 h和48 h MIC值總一致率 (Essential Agreement,EA):對(duì)每一種念珠菌類型,24 h和48 h讀取的MIC值差異不超過(guò)兩個(gè)稀釋度 (包含)的菌株占總測(cè)定株數(shù)的比例;敏感性判定一致率 (categorical agreement,CA):按照CLSI M27-S4敏感性判定折點(diǎn)及文獻(xiàn)中報(bào)道的流行病學(xué)折點(diǎn)[4-5],對(duì)每一種念珠菌類型,24 h和48 h讀取的MIC值敏感性判定完全一致 (均為敏感、中介或耐藥)的菌株占總測(cè)定株數(shù)的比率;敏感性判定錯(cuò)誤率 (Errors):對(duì)每一種念珠菌類型,以培養(yǎng)24 h敏感性判讀結(jié)果為參考,極嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤率 (Very Major Errors,VME):24 h檢測(cè)結(jié)果為耐藥,48 h為敏感的菌株占總測(cè)定株數(shù)的比率 (假敏感);嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤率 (Major Errors,ME):24 h檢測(cè)結(jié)果為敏感,而48 h為耐藥的菌株占總測(cè)定株數(shù)的比率 (假耐藥);一般錯(cuò)誤率 (Minor Errors,MiE):24 h為耐藥或敏感,而48 h為中介 (SDD),或者24 h的結(jié)果為中介 (SDD),48 h為敏感或耐藥的菌株占總測(cè)定株數(shù)的比率。參照美國(guó)食品藥品監(jiān)督管理局 (FDA)關(guān)于抗菌藥物敏感性檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[7,10],極嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤率不超過(guò)1.5%,嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤率不超過(guò)3%。

2 結(jié) 果

2.1 質(zhì)控結(jié)果

質(zhì)控菌株ATCC22019近平滑念珠菌和ATCC6258克柔念珠菌隨試驗(yàn)菌株平行操作,共測(cè)定6次,經(jīng)24 h和48 h培養(yǎng),所測(cè)得的MIC值均在規(guī)定的范圍內(nèi)。

目前,城市軌道交通應(yīng)急疏散系統(tǒng)的指揮引導(dǎo),主要依賴指示標(biāo)志與標(biāo)志燈來(lái)實(shí)施。但該系統(tǒng)存在技術(shù)缺陷和條件限制,因此亟需采用更好的技術(shù)手段來(lái)進(jìn)行突發(fā)事件時(shí)的應(yīng)急疏散指揮與引導(dǎo),以盡可能減少事件發(fā)生時(shí)造成的人員傷害。大功率參量陣定向揚(yáng)聲器的技術(shù)較為成熟,為解決上述問(wèn)題提供了有效的技術(shù)手段。

2.2 MIC值總一致率 (EA)

微量肉湯稀釋法檢測(cè)653株念珠菌對(duì)三種唑類藥物體外敏感性時(shí),孵育24 h和48 h讀取MIC值對(duì)不同種念珠菌總一致率 (EA)分別為氟康唑 (74.4%~100%)、伏立康唑 (87.5%~100%),伊曲康唑 (82.2%~100%),結(jié)果見(jiàn)表1。對(duì)白念珠菌、光滑念珠菌、熱帶念珠菌和葡萄牙念珠菌,三種唑類藥物24 h和48 h讀取MIC值差異較小,而對(duì)于近平滑念珠菌、克柔念珠菌和季也蒙念珠菌來(lái)說(shuō),24 h和48 h讀取MIC值差異較明顯,EA多數(shù)低于90%。

表1 微量肉湯稀釋法檢測(cè)653株念珠菌對(duì)三種唑類藥物的體外敏感性,孵育24 h和48 h后MIC值比較

Tab.1 Susceptibilities of 653Candidaisolates to three azoles as determined by the CLSI broth microdilution method after 24 h and 48 h of incubation

菌種類型(n)孵育時(shí)間(h)MIC50/MIC90(μg/mL)EA(%)氟康唑伏立康唑伊曲康唑氟康唑/伏立康唑/伊曲康唑白念珠菌(364)240.25/0.50.016/0.0640.25/0.594.8/90.7/98.1480.25/10.032/0.1250.25/0.5光滑念珠菌(89)248/320.25/11/198.9/94.4/96.64816/320.5/21/2熱帶念珠菌(90)240.5/40.032/0.250.5/193.3/94.4/98.9481/640.125/40.5/1近平滑念珠菌(90)240.5/20.016/0.0320.25/0.574.4/93.3/82.2481/20.032/0.1250.5/0.5克柔念珠菌(8)248/320.125/0.50.5/175.0/87.5/87.54832/640.25/0.50.25/2葡萄牙念珠菌(4)241/320.016/0.250.25/0.5100/100/100481/320.016/10.5/1季也蒙念珠菌(8)244/80.125/0.250.5/175/87.5/87.5488/160.25/0.50.5/2合計(jì)(653)240.25/80.032/0.250.25/191.9/92.0/95.6480.5/160.032/0.50.5/1

注:EA.MIC總一致率

2.3 敏感性判定一致率 (CA)

參考CLSI最新敏感性判定折點(diǎn)及流行病學(xué)折點(diǎn),孵育24 h和48 h后敏感性判定見(jiàn)表2。MIC值差異與敏感性判定未發(fā)現(xiàn)確定的相關(guān)性,如檢測(cè)白念珠菌和葡萄牙念珠菌對(duì)伊曲康唑以及光滑念珠菌和季也蒙念珠菌對(duì)伏立康唑的體外敏感性時(shí),盡管孵育24 h和48 h MIC值一致率 (EA)高達(dá)98.1%、100%和94.4%、87.5%,但敏感性判定一致率 (CA)僅79.7%、75%和67.4%、62.5%,孵育48 h后判讀結(jié)果更耐藥;雖然孵育24 h和48 h,近平滑念珠菌對(duì)氟康唑和伊曲康唑MIC差異 (EA)較大,但并未影響敏感性判定結(jié)果。

2.4 敏感性判定錯(cuò)誤率 (Errors)

相對(duì)于24 h檢測(cè)結(jié)果,48 h檢測(cè)結(jié)果判定錯(cuò)誤率見(jiàn)表3。未發(fā)現(xiàn)極嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤 (VME)的結(jié)果,嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤率除伊曲康唑?qū)饣钪榫舾行詸z測(cè)為3.4%,略高于美國(guó)FDA標(biāo)準(zhǔn)外,其余均能滿足要求;錯(cuò)誤多數(shù)為一般錯(cuò)誤 (MiE),對(duì)白念珠菌和葡萄牙念珠菌,MiE多見(jiàn)于伊曲康唑 (19.0%);對(duì)光滑念珠菌,MiE易見(jiàn)于對(duì)伏立康唑的體外敏感性 (32.6%);熱帶念珠菌和季也蒙念珠菌對(duì)三種唑類藥物嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤率極低,一般錯(cuò)誤率較高;653株菌敏感性判定總錯(cuò)誤率最低的為氟康唑 (1.7%/2.9%),其次為伏立康唑和伊曲康唑。

表2 不同孵育時(shí)間微量肉湯稀釋法檢測(cè)653株念珠菌對(duì)唑類敏感性判定一致率

Tab.2 Categorical agreements between 24 h and 48 h MICs determined by CLSI broth microdilution for three azoles against 653Candidaisolates

菌種類型(n)孵育時(shí)間(h)氟康唑伏立康唑伊曲康唑SorWT(%)CA(%)SorWT(%)CA(%)SorWT(%)CA(%)白念珠菌(364)2499.59798.991.812.179.74896.490.711光滑念珠菌(89)2487.696.688.867.494.4914880.956.292.1熱帶念珠菌(90)2481.185.682.282.284.488.94873.364.478.9近平滑念珠菌(90)2496.797.897.895.61001004894.493.396.7克柔念珠菌(8)240100100100100100480100100葡萄牙念珠菌(4)2475100751001007548757575季也蒙念珠菌(8)2410087.510062.510087.54887.562.587.5合計(jì)(653)2494.896.994.990.448.188.24890.782.445.5

注:S.敏感,WT.野生型,CA.敏感性判定一致率

3 討 論

表3 以孵育24h結(jié)果為參照,48h檢測(cè)念珠菌體外藥物敏感性判定錯(cuò)誤率(%)

Tab.3 Rates of categorical errors of MICs obtained at 48h compared with 24h incubation

菌種類型(n)氟康唑伏立康唑伊曲康唑ME(%)MiE(%)ME(%)MiE(%)ME(%)MiE(%)白念珠菌(364)1.91.12.55.81.419.0光滑念珠菌(89)03.4032.63.45.6熱帶念珠菌(90)2.212.22.215.62.28.9近平滑念珠菌(90)2.202.22.20.00.0克柔念珠菌(8)00000.012.5葡萄牙念珠菌(4)00000.025.0季也蒙念珠菌(8)012.5037.50.012.5合計(jì)(653)1.72.92.010.61.513.0

注:ME.嚴(yán)重錯(cuò)誤,MiE.一般錯(cuò)誤

盡管伏立康唑?qū)饣钪榫w外藥物敏感性檢測(cè)24 h和48 h EA高達(dá)94.4%,但二者CA明顯偏低 (67.4%),文獻(xiàn)中報(bào)道EA和CA分別介于73.3%~99.6%和87.9%~96.0%[7,9,11],較其他菌種類型偏低,差異主要源于48 h MIC值偏高,另外Espinel-Ingroff等[7]認(rèn)為不同實(shí)驗(yàn)室客觀條件及對(duì)48 h拖尾現(xiàn)象的認(rèn)知也是造成這種差異的一個(gè)因素。既往研究表明拖尾現(xiàn)象已成為檢測(cè)唑類藥物對(duì)光滑念珠菌和熱帶念珠菌體外敏感性時(shí)的一個(gè)不可忽視的重要問(wèn)題[12-13],微量肉湯稀釋法檢測(cè)念珠菌對(duì)唑類藥物的體外敏感性時(shí),約5%的菌株結(jié)果判讀時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)拖尾現(xiàn)象[14],即相對(duì)于對(duì)照孔真菌生長(zhǎng)受到抑制但會(huì)持續(xù)若干個(gè)濃度梯度,拖尾嚴(yán)重的情況下可以表現(xiàn)為24 h為敏感,延長(zhǎng)培養(yǎng)到48 h為耐藥。曾有學(xué)者提出疑問(wèn),到底“24 h敏感到48 h耐藥”這種變化是由于拖尾現(xiàn)象導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果判讀錯(cuò)誤,還是說(shuō)延長(zhǎng)培養(yǎng)可以檢測(cè)出部分菌株的潛在耐藥性[7]。動(dòng)物試驗(yàn)?zāi)P捅砻?,侵襲性念珠菌感染體內(nèi)療效與24 h MIC值相關(guān)性更好,而且臨床證實(shí),對(duì)于存在拖尾現(xiàn)象念珠菌導(dǎo)致的口咽部念珠菌病,采用敏感株劑量治療即有效[13]。

微量肉湯稀釋法檢測(cè)氟康唑、伏立康唑和伊曲康唑?qū)δ钪榫鷮俚捏w外藥物敏感性時(shí),大多情況下經(jīng)24 h培養(yǎng)即可讀取MIC值,且24 h和48 h MIC值具有較好的一致率,由于拖尾等原因48 h培養(yǎng)更容易判定為假耐藥,與臨床療效不符,建議臨床微生物實(shí)驗(yàn)室進(jìn)行唑類藥物對(duì)念珠菌屬的體外藥物敏感性檢測(cè)時(shí)應(yīng)基于培養(yǎng)24 h MIC值,從而更快速地為臨床提供有效的藥敏信息。

本研究的不足之處,首先克柔念珠菌、葡萄牙念珠菌和季也蒙念珠菌菌株數(shù)量偏少,其他一些少見(jiàn)菌種沒(méi)能全部涵蓋,研究結(jié)論代表性不足,期待同行專家驗(yàn)證和補(bǔ)充;其次由于CLSI M27-S4僅公布了有限幾種念珠菌對(duì)氟康唑和伏立康唑的敏感性判定折點(diǎn),在數(shù)據(jù)分析時(shí)伊曲康唑及其他念珠菌屬參考了文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道中的流行病學(xué)判定折點(diǎn),故而研究結(jié)論有待于更進(jìn)一步完善和改進(jìn)。

[1] Wang H,Xiao M,Chen S,et al.Invitrosusceptibilities of yeast species to fluconazole and voriconazole as determined by the 2010 National China Hospital Invasive Fungal Surveillance Net (CHIF-NET) Study[J].J Clin Microbiol,2010,50(12):3952-3959.

[2] Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.Reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts;approved standard M27-A3,3rd ed[S].Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute,Wayne,PA,2007.

[3] Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.Reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts,3rd informational supplement.M27-S3[S].Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute,Wayne,PA,2009.

[4] Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.Reference method for broth dilution antifungal susceptibility testing of yeasts,fourth informational supplement.M27-S4[S].Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute,Wayne,PA,2012.

[5] Pfaller MA,Diekema DJ.Progress in antifungal susceptibility testing ofCandidaspp. by use of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution methods,2010 to 2012[J].J Clin Microbiol,2012,50(9):2846-2856.

[6] Mara RD,Jack F.High-throughput detection of pathogenic yeasts of the genusTrichosporon[J].J Clin Microbiol,2004,42(8):3696-3706.

[7] Espinel-Ingroff A,Canton E,Peman J,et al.Comparison of 24 h and 48 h voriconazole MICs as determined by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution method (M27-A3 document) in three laboratories:results obtained with 2,162 clinical isolates ofCandidaspp. and other yeasts[J].J Clin Microbiol,2009,47(9):2766-2771.

[8] Pfaller MA,Boyken LB,Hollis RJ,et al.Validation of 24 h fluconazole MIC readings versus the CLSI 48 h broth microdilution reference method:results from a globalCandidaantifungal surveillance program[J].J Clin Microbiol,2008,46(11):3585-3590.

[9] Pfaller MA,Boyken LB,Hollis RJ,et al.Validation of 24 h posaconazole and voriconazole MIC readings versus the CLSI 48 h broth microdilution reference method:application of epidemiological cutoff values to results from a globalCandidaantifungal surveillance program[J].J Clin Microbiol,2011,49(4):1274-1279.

[10] Food and Drug Administration.Class II special controls guidance document:antimicrobial susceptibility test systems;guidance for industry[S].Food and Drug Administration,Washington,DC.2003.

[11] Espinel-Ingroff A,Barchiesi F,Cuenca-Estrella M,et al.Comparison of visual 24 h and spectrophotometric 48 h MICs to CLSI reference microdilution MICs of fluconazole,itraconazole,posaconazole,and voriconazole forCandidaspp.:a collaborative study[J].J Clin Microbiol,2005,43(9):4535-4540.

[12] Revankar SG,Kirkpatrick WR,McAtee RK,et al.Interpretation of trailing endpoints in antifungal susceptibility testing by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards method[J].J Clin Microbiol,1998,36(1):153-156.

[13] Rex JH,Nelson PW,Paetznick VL,et al.1998.Optimizing the correlation between results of testinginvitroand therapeutic outcomeinvivofor fluconazole by testing critical isolates in a murine model of invasive candidiasis[J].Antimicrob.Agents Chemother,1998,42(1):129-134.

[14] Arthington-Skaggs BA,Warnock DW,Morrison CJ.Quantitation ofCandidaalbicansergosterol content improves the correlation betweeninvitroantifungal susceptibility test results andinvivooutcome after fluconazole treatment in a murine model of invasive candidiasis[J].Antimicrob Agents Chemother,2000,44(8):2081-2085.

[本文編輯] 施 慧

Comparison of azoles MICs againstCandidaspp.determined by the broth microdilution method at different incubation time

GUO Li-na,XU Zhi-peng,WANG Yao,WANG He,ZHAO Ying,XIAO Meng,XU Ying-chun

(ChineseAcademyofMedicalSciences,PekingUnionMedicalCollegeHospital,ClinicalMicrobiologyLaboratory,Beijing100730)

Objective To investigate the agreement between the 24 h and 48 h azoles MICs againstCandidaspecies by broth microdilution method.Methods Antifungal susceptibility testing was carried out by broth microdilution method against 653Candidaisolates and MICs were obtained at 24 h and 48 h incubation for assessing of essential agreement (EA),categorical agreement (CA) and categorical error (Error).Results Most ofCandidaisolates tested could obtain sufficient growth after 24 h incubation.The overall EAs of 24 h and 48 h MICs were excellent with the three azoles for most of the species,fluconazole (91.9%),voriconazole (92.0%) and itraconazole (95.6%);the overall CAs were wonderful with fluconazole (96.9%),voriconazole (90.4%) and itraconazole (88.2%),depending on the species type tested.Very major errors (VMEs) were absent in our study,minor errors were reported most of the time.The ME/MiE for the total 653Candidaisolates were fluconazole (1.7%/2.9%),voriconazole (2.0%/10.6%) and itraconazole (1.5%/13.0%).Conclusion These data suggested that the performance 24 h MIC readings gave results similar to those of 48 h MICs and reading MICs at 24 h incubation would shorten the MIC determination of azoles and avoid errors due to trailing misinterpretation.

broth microdilution method;antifungal susceptibility;Candida;triazole;MIC

首都衛(wèi)生發(fā)展科研專項(xiàng) (2016-1-4013)

郭莉娜,女 (漢族),碩士,助理研究員.E-mail:guo0201205@126.com

徐英春,E-mail:xycpumch@139.com

R 379.4

A

1673-3827(2016)11-0332-05

2016-08-15

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