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LBH589對(duì)腎癌細(xì)胞株OS-RC-2增殖的影響及機(jī)制探討

2016-01-20 13:55:10馬俊健陳婷劉彬徐米清廣州醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬第二醫(yī)院廣州54002廣州市番禺區(qū)婦幼保健院廣州心血管疾病研究所
山東醫(yī)藥 2015年31期
關(guān)鍵詞:細(xì)胞增殖細(xì)胞凋亡腎癌

馬俊健,陳婷,劉彬,徐米清( 廣州醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬第二醫(yī)院,廣州5400;2廣州市番禺區(qū)婦幼保健院; 廣州心血管疾病研究所)

LBH589對(duì)腎癌細(xì)胞株OS-RC-2增殖的影響及機(jī)制探討

馬俊健1,2,陳婷1,劉彬3,徐米清1
( 1廣州醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬第二醫(yī)院,廣州511400;2廣州市番禺區(qū)婦幼保健院; 3廣州心血管疾病研究所)

摘要:目的觀察LBH589對(duì)腎癌細(xì)胞株OS-RC-2細(xì)胞增殖的影響,并探討其機(jī)制。方法將人腎癌細(xì)胞株OS-RC-2細(xì)胞分為DMSO組、N-乙酰半胱氨酸( NAC)組、LBH589組和NAC + LBH589組,NAC組加入5 mmol/L NAC刺激2 h,LBH489組加入50 nmol/L LBH589刺激48 h,NAC + LBH589組先加入5 mmol/L NAC預(yù)處理2 h,洗脫后再以50 nmol/L LBH589刺激48 h。EdU法測(cè)算細(xì)胞增殖情況,流式細(xì)胞術(shù)檢測(cè)細(xì)胞凋亡、活性氧簇( ROS),Western blotting法檢測(cè)細(xì)胞p-STAT3、Cyclin D1蛋白。結(jié)果DMSO組、NAC組、LBH589組、NAC + LBH589組EdU染色陽(yáng)性細(xì)胞比例分別為53%±4%、52%±5%、7%±3%、29%±6%,細(xì)胞凋亡率分別為0.25%±0.13%、0.18%±0.15%、11.35%±2.40%、1.92%±0.63%,ROS分別為0.60%±0.26%、0.33%±0.25%、12.2%± 2.65%、5.33%±1.05%,DMSO組、NAC + LBH589組與LBH589組比較,P均<0.05。DMSO組、NAC組、LBH589組、NAC + LBH589組p-STAT3相對(duì)表達(dá)量分別為1.00±0.07、1.02±0.07、0.49±0.04、0.52±0.05,Cyclin D1相對(duì)表達(dá)量分別為1.00±0.08、1.03±0.08、0.45±0.04、0.49±0.03,DMSO組與LBH589組比較,P均<0.05。結(jié)論LBH589對(duì)OS-RC-2腎癌細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)有抑制作用,其可能與誘導(dǎo)細(xì)胞凋亡、抑制細(xì)胞增殖、升高ROS水平有關(guān)。LBH589能抑制STAT3信號(hào)通路,進(jìn)而使Cyclin D1表達(dá)下降,而LBH589誘導(dǎo)ROS升高不是通過(guò)抑制STAT3信號(hào)通路從而使腎癌細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)抑制。

關(guān)鍵詞:腎腫瘤;腎癌;細(xì)胞增殖;細(xì)胞凋亡;組蛋白去乙?;敢种苿?/p>

Effect of LBH589 on cell proliferation of renal carcinoma cell line OS-RC-2 and its mechanism

MA Jun-jian1,CHEN Ting,LIU Bin,LI Ai-qun,XU Mi-qing
( 1 The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 511400,China)

Abstract:Objective To observe the influences of LBH589 on cell proliferation of renal cancer cell line OS-RC-2 and to explore its mechanism.Methods OS-RC-2 cells were divided into the DMSO group,N-acetyl cysteine ( NAC) group,LBH589 group and NAC +LBH589 group.NAC group was stimulated with 5 mmol/L of NAC for 2 h,LBH489 group was stimulated with 50 nmol/L of LBH589 for 48 h,and the NAC +LBH589 group was pre-treated with 5 mmol/L of NAC for 2 h and then after elution,the group was stimulated with 50 nmol/L of LBH589 for 48 h.EdU assay was used to measure cell proliferation,flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis and reactive oxygen species ( ROS),while Western blotting was used to detect p-STAT3 and Cyclin D1 proteins.Results The proportions of positive Edu cells in the DMSO group,NAC group,LBH589 group and NAC +LBH589 group were respectively 53%±4%,52%±5%,7%±3% and 29%±6%.The apoptosis rates of the corresponding groups were 0.25%±0.13%,0.18%±0.15%,11.35%±2.40% and 1.92%± 0.63%.ROS of the corresponding groups were 0.60%±0.26%,0.33%±0.25%,12.2%±2.65% and 5.33%± 1.05%.Significant difference was found between the DMSO,NAC +LBH589 groups and the LBH589 group ( all P<0.05).The relative expression of p-STAT3 was 1.00±0.07,1.02±0.07,0.49±0.04 and 0.52±0.05 in the DMSO group,NAC group,LBH589 group and NAC +LBH589 group.The relative expression of Cyclin D1 was 1.00±0.08,1.03±0.08,0.45 ±0.04 and 0.49±0.03 in the corresponding groups.Significant difference was found between the DMSO group and the LBH589 group ( all P<0.05).Conclusions LBH589 inhibits the growth of renal cancer cell line OS-RC-2,which may be related to induction of apoptosis,inhibition of cell proliferation and the increased ROS level.LBH589 can inhibit STAT3 sig-

naling pathway,thus decrease the expression of Cyclin D1.However,LBH589-induced ROS increase is not achieved through the inhibition of STAT3 signaling pathway to inhibit the growth of renal cancer cells.

Key words:kidney neoplasms; renal cell carcinoma; cell proliferation; apoptosis; histone deacetylase inhibitor

腎細(xì)胞癌( RCC)的治療以根治性手術(shù)為主,放療及化療效果不理想,手術(shù)后復(fù)發(fā)率大于20%[1]。因此,尋找和研發(fā)新的抗腎癌藥物十分必要。組蛋白去乙?;敢种苿? HDACIs)可通過(guò)細(xì)胞周期阻滯、誘導(dǎo)分化和凋亡等機(jī)制[2,3]對(duì)血液系統(tǒng)腫瘤和一些實(shí)體腫瘤有明顯抑制作用[4,5]。但HDACIs對(duì)腎癌細(xì)胞抑制作用的研究尚未見(jiàn)報(bào)道。HDACIs能提高細(xì)胞內(nèi)活性氧簇( ROS)水平,降低抗氧化系統(tǒng)作用,抑制腫瘤細(xì)胞增殖,誘導(dǎo)細(xì)胞凋亡。LBH589為一種新的HDACIs類(lèi)藥物。本研究觀察了LBH589誘導(dǎo)的氧化應(yīng)激對(duì)腎癌細(xì)胞株OS-RC-2增殖的影響,并探討其可能的機(jī)制。

1 材料與方法

1.1細(xì)胞及試劑LBH589、N-乙酰半胱氨酸( NAC)購(gòu)自Sigma公司;腎癌細(xì)胞株OS-RC-2(中國(guó)科學(xué)院細(xì)胞庫(kù)) ;胎牛血清、RPMI1640完全培養(yǎng)基、胰蛋白酶購(gòu)自Gibco公司; MTT細(xì)胞增殖及細(xì)胞毒性檢測(cè)試劑盒、細(xì)胞凋亡檢測(cè)試劑盒、EdU試劑盒購(gòu)自廣州銳博公司;總ROS檢測(cè)試劑盒購(gòu)自Enzo Life Sciences公司;兔抗人p-STAT3、Cyclin D1、GAPDH單抗,羊抗兔二抗購(gòu)自美國(guó)Santa Cruzs公司。

1.2細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)將人腎癌細(xì)胞株OS-RC-2細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)于含100 mL/L血清、100 kU/L青霉素、100 mg/L鏈霉素的RPMI1640培養(yǎng)液中,待細(xì)胞貼壁生長(zhǎng)達(dá)到80%以上時(shí)進(jìn)行傳代培養(yǎng)。細(xì)胞進(jìn)行藥物刺激時(shí),各實(shí)驗(yàn)組培養(yǎng)基的DMSO終濃度為0.1%。

1.3 LBH589藥物濃度篩選采用MTT法檢測(cè)細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)情況。取對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期OS-RC-2細(xì)胞接種于96孔板,每孔0.2 mL。24 h后棄孔內(nèi)液體,每孔分別加入100 μL濃度為0、10、50、100、500、1 000 nmol/L LBH589的培養(yǎng)基,藥物處理24、48、72 h,每組5個(gè)復(fù)孔,每孔加50 μL 1×MTT,培養(yǎng)4 h,棄上清,每孔加150 μL DMSO,測(cè)D550值,實(shí)驗(yàn)重復(fù)5次,取平均值。MTT實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,LBH589呈時(shí)間和劑量依賴(lài)性抑制OS-RC-2細(xì)胞增殖,LBH589作用OS-RC-2細(xì)胞24、48、72 h,IC50分別為220、50、38 nmol/L,因此選擇50 nmol/L LBH589處理OS-RC-2細(xì)胞。

1.4細(xì)胞分組及LBH589干預(yù)將生長(zhǎng)狀態(tài)良好的細(xì)胞接種于培養(yǎng)板,分為DMSO組、NAC組、LBH589組和NAC + LBH589組。各設(shè)3個(gè)復(fù)孔,NAC組加入5 mmol/L NAC刺激2 h,LBH489組加入50 nmol/L LBH589刺激48 h,NAC + LBH589組先加入5 mmol/L NAC預(yù)處理2 h,洗脫后再以50 nmol/L LBH589刺激48 h。

1.5細(xì)胞增殖檢測(cè)采用EdU法。取各組細(xì)胞行EdU標(biāo)記、細(xì)胞固化、EdU染色、Hoechst33342染色,激光共聚焦顯微鏡觀察并計(jì)算每個(gè)視野中的EdU染色陽(yáng)性細(xì)胞百分比,共計(jì)算10個(gè)視野。激光共聚焦顯微鏡圖像分析顯示新增殖細(xì)胞經(jīng)EdU染色后表現(xiàn)為紅色熒光,所有活細(xì)胞經(jīng)Hoechst33342染色后表現(xiàn)為藍(lán)色熒光,Overlay為紅色熒光和藍(lán)色熒光的重疊圖片。

1.6細(xì)胞凋亡檢測(cè)采用流式細(xì)胞術(shù)。取各組對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期OS-RC-2細(xì)胞接種于培養(yǎng)皿,藥物刺激后PBS 洗2次,胰蛋白酶消化細(xì)胞,收集至相應(yīng)的流式管內(nèi),行AnnexinV、PI染色,流式細(xì)胞儀檢測(cè),分析凋亡細(xì)胞百分率,實(shí)驗(yàn)重復(fù)5次,取平均值。

1.7細(xì)胞ROS檢測(cè)采用流式細(xì)胞技術(shù)。取各組對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期OS-RC-2細(xì)胞接種于培養(yǎng)皿。藥物刺激后PBS洗2次,胰蛋白酶消化細(xì)胞,收集至相應(yīng)的流式管內(nèi),離心,PBS洗2次,每個(gè)流式管各加500 μL ROS Detection Solution,37℃避光30 min,流式儀檢測(cè)分析細(xì)胞內(nèi)ROS表達(dá)水平,實(shí)驗(yàn)重復(fù)5次,取平均值。

1.8細(xì)胞p-STAT3、Cyclin D1表達(dá)檢測(cè)采用Western blotting法。取各組對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期細(xì)胞藥物處理后棄培養(yǎng)液,PBS洗2次,加入細(xì)胞裂解液、蛋白酶抑制劑,收集裂解混合液,12 000 r/min離心15 min,BCA法測(cè)定濃度。取30 μg蛋白標(biāo)本為上樣量,經(jīng)SDS-PAGE電泳后,轉(zhuǎn)移至PVDF膜,最后加入GAPDH、p-STAT3、Cyclin D1一抗和二抗,之后曝光顯影,重復(fù)5次,以Image J2x軟件進(jìn)行灰度分析,取平均值。

1.9統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法采用SPSS16.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件。計(jì)量資料以珋x±s表示,組間比較用單因素方差分析。P <0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。

2 結(jié)果

2.1各組細(xì)胞增殖情況比較DMSO組、NAC組、LBH589組、NAC + LBH589組EdU染色陽(yáng)性細(xì)胞比例分別為53%±4%、52%±5%、7%±3%、29%± 6%,DMSO組、NAC + LBH589組與LBH589組比較,P均<0.05。

2.2各組細(xì)胞凋亡率比較DMSO組、NAC組、LBH589組、NAC + LBH589組細(xì)胞凋亡率分別為0.25%±0.13%、0.18%±0.15%、11.35%± 2.40%、1.92%±0.63%,DMSO組、NAC + LBH589組與LBH589組比較,P均<0.05。

2.3各組細(xì)胞ROS比較DMSO組、NAC組、LBH589組、NAC + LBH589組細(xì)胞ROS分別為0.60%±0.26%、0.33%±0.25%、12.2%± 2.65%、5.33%±1.05%,DMSO組、NAC + LBH589組與LBH589組比較,P均<0.05。

2.4各組細(xì)胞p-STAT3和Cyclin D1蛋白表達(dá)比較結(jié)果見(jiàn)表1。

表1 各組OS-RC-2細(xì)胞p-STAT3和Cyclin D1蛋白表達(dá)比較(±s)

表1 各組OS-RC-2細(xì)胞p-STAT3和Cyclin D1蛋白表達(dá)比較(±s)

注:與DMSO組比較,*P<0.05。

組別p-STAT3 Cyclin D1 DMSO組1.00±0.07 1.00±0.08 NAC組 1.02±0.07 1.03±0.08 LBH589組 0.49±0.04* 0.45±0.04*NAC + LBH589組0.52±0.05 0.49±0.03

3 討論

本實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,LBH589對(duì)OS-RC-2腎癌細(xì)胞增殖有明顯的抑制作用,其抑制率具有濃度依賴(lài)性和時(shí)間依賴(lài)性。EdU增殖試驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示OS-RC-2細(xì)胞經(jīng)50 nmol/L LBH589處理48 h后,細(xì)胞增殖數(shù)量明顯減少。流式細(xì)胞術(shù)結(jié)果同樣顯示,50 nmol/L LBH589刺激OS-RC-2細(xì)胞48 h,其細(xì)胞凋亡比例比DMSO組明顯增加。ROS的大量產(chǎn)生可能是細(xì)胞凋亡的關(guān)鍵事件之一[6,7]。LBH589能顯著誘導(dǎo)OS-RC-2細(xì)胞ROS生成,NAC能減少LBH589作用細(xì)胞后ROS產(chǎn)生,從而減弱LBH589抑制細(xì)胞增殖及促細(xì)胞凋亡作用。這可能與LBH589處理細(xì)胞后細(xì)胞的氧化還原狀態(tài)如ROS的堆積密切相關(guān),而NAC作為一種強(qiáng)大的抗氧化劑及自由基清除劑能夠保護(hù)腎癌細(xì)胞,對(duì)抗LBH589對(duì)OS-RC-2細(xì)胞的生長(zhǎng)抑制作用。

STAT3持續(xù)激活可導(dǎo)致細(xì)胞異常增殖和惡性轉(zhuǎn)化,目前已被公認(rèn)為癌基因[8,9]。它能調(diào)控目標(biāo)基因的表達(dá),如通過(guò)上調(diào)Bcl-xL、McL-1、Cyclin D1和c-myc基因的作用參與腫瘤的形成[10,11]。Cyclin D1是參與細(xì)胞周期的重要調(diào)節(jié)因子,過(guò)度表達(dá)的Cyclin D1可以調(diào)節(jié)細(xì)胞周期前進(jìn),加快腫瘤細(xì)胞的增殖速度。LBH589作用OS-RC-2腎癌細(xì)胞后p-STAT3、Cyclin D1的表達(dá)明顯下降,LBH589抑制p-STAT3及下游靶基因蛋白Cyclin D1的表達(dá)使細(xì)胞周期進(jìn)程受阻從而使細(xì)胞增殖受到抑制。NAC預(yù)處理后再以LBH589刺激48 h,p-STAT3、Cyclin D1蛋白表達(dá)與LBH589組相比沒(méi)有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異。這可能因?yàn)長(zhǎng)BH589誘導(dǎo)細(xì)胞產(chǎn)生的大量ROS并不是通過(guò)抑制STAT3信號(hào)通路使腎癌細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)抑制,而是通過(guò)其他的方式和途徑引起細(xì)胞凋亡,這需要通過(guò)進(jìn)一步的實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)證實(shí)。

可見(jiàn),LBH589對(duì)OS-RC-2腎癌細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)有抑制作用,其抗腫瘤機(jī)制可能與誘導(dǎo)細(xì)胞凋亡、抑制細(xì)胞增殖、升高ROS水平有關(guān)。LBH589能抑制STAT3信號(hào)通路,進(jìn)而使Cyclin D1表達(dá)下降,而LBH589誘導(dǎo)ROS升高不是通過(guò)抑制STAT3信號(hào)通路從而使腎癌細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)抑制。

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收稿日期:( 2015-05-27)

通信作者簡(jiǎn)介:徐米清( 1964-),男,主任醫(yī)師,主要研究方向?yàn)槟I臟疾病的診斷與治療。E-mail: gyeyxu@163.com

作者簡(jiǎn)介:第一馬俊健( 1988-),男,碩士研究生,主要研究方向?yàn)槟I臟疾病的診斷與治療。E-mail: mjjtt121@163.com

基金項(xiàng)目:廣東省高等學(xué)校優(yōu)秀青年教師培養(yǎng)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目( Yq2013133)。

文章編號(hào):1002-266X( 2015)31-0008-03

文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A

中圖分類(lèi)號(hào):R737.11

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-266X.2015.31.003

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