馬曉黎
小學(xué)三年級(jí)的學(xué)生對(duì)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)并不陌生,他們已有兩年的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)基礎(chǔ),能在老師的指導(dǎo)下很好的完成教學(xué)活動(dòng),達(dá)到既定的教學(xué)目標(biāo)。但是他們生性活潑好動(dòng),爭(zhēng)強(qiáng)好勝,還不能很好的控制情緒,集中注意力。老師,作為教學(xué)活動(dòng)的組織者,學(xué)習(xí)知識(shí)的指導(dǎo)者,學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的合作者,學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程的評(píng)價(jià)者,問(wèn)題情境的創(chuàng)設(shè)者,要求在活動(dòng)過(guò)程中能夠運(yùn)用呈現(xiàn)、操練、交際活動(dòng),發(fā)展學(xué)生的綜合語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力。在本節(jié)課中,我通過(guò)創(chuàng)設(shè)各種情境,設(shè)計(jì)貼近生活的各種活動(dòng),鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生積極參與,大膽表達(dá)。
[案例描述]
本節(jié)課的主題為《A trip to the beach》,主要知識(shí)點(diǎn)有句型“What do you like doing at the beach?”和六個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。為了使學(xué)生能夠快速掌握新授知識(shí),在整節(jié)課中我創(chuàng)設(shè)了各種情境,設(shè)置了多種游戲。首先,我展示了圖片,以聽(tīng)音的形式呈現(xiàn)新授短語(yǔ)。其次,我又設(shè)置了多種游戲。例如,“倒計(jì)時(shí)猜詞語(yǔ)”“你做我猜”等。游戲的設(shè)置是為了更好的復(fù)習(xí)和鞏固新知,為后面的教學(xué)作鋪墊作用。除了游戲,我還編了詩(shī)歌。學(xué)生對(duì)于詩(shī)歌轉(zhuǎn)化為歌曲這種形式表現(xiàn)了極大的興趣。最后,結(jié)合“at the beach”主題,教育學(xué)生在海邊要做一個(gè)文明的小朋友,利用理想教育升華主題。
[案例分析]
Step one:Greetings
T:Whats the date today?
S:Its the seventh of December.
T:What day is it today?
S:Its Wednesday.
T:Whats the weather like today?
S:Its sunny.
T:Whos on duty today?
S:I am.
T:Lets welcome!
Step two:Daily talk show
T:Lets give them big hands! What do you think of their daily talk show?
S:They are excellent.
[設(shè)計(jì)意圖]每日脫口秀為本校教學(xué)模式的特定環(huán)節(jié)。脫口秀的內(nèi)容一般是設(shè)計(jì)好的對(duì)話或者是一段故事。學(xué)生表演完之后,其他學(xué)生可以對(duì)其表演進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。此環(huán)節(jié)不僅可以開發(fā)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)造力,也能促進(jìn)學(xué)生的互評(píng)模式。
Step three:Sing a song
Step four:Learn the new lesson
Teacher shows the photos of her friends and students should listen carefully, then they answer the questions.
T:What can Miss Lin do at the beach?
S:She can walk on the sand.
T:What can Miss Wang do at the beach?
S:She can listen to the waves.
T:What can Miss Chao do at the beach?
S:She can touch the warm sand.
[設(shè)計(jì)意圖]我給學(xué)生展示了學(xué)生熟悉的任課老師照片,然后學(xué)生聽(tīng)音,回答問(wèn)題,目的是為了引出新授短語(yǔ)(touch the warm sand; walk on the sand; listen to the waves.)
Teacher does some actions and students guess.
T:What can I do at the beach?
S1:You can collect shells.
T:What else can I do at the beach?
S2:You can smell and eat food on a barbecue.
[設(shè)計(jì)意圖]老師參與,學(xué)生猜。增強(qiáng)了老師與學(xué)生之間的互動(dòng),更加體現(xiàn)了老師在教學(xué)中的主動(dòng)性。
Review the phrases.( Students read the phrases after teacher)
Lets play a game.( Teacher divides the students into two groups and have a competition between them.)
[設(shè)計(jì)意圖]此環(huán)節(jié)穿插游戲不僅僅能夠活躍課堂氛圍,而且能夠鞏固新知,達(dá)到教學(xué)效果。學(xué)生積極參與游戲,競(jìng)爭(zhēng)意識(shí)強(qiáng)烈,集體榮譽(yù)感不斷上升。
Pair work.
A:What do you like doing at the beach?
B:I like ….What about you?
A:I like….
Lets chant.
What do you like doing at the beach?
Collecting, collecting, collecting shells.
I have good fun at the beach.
7.Make your own chant.
8.Say a rhyme.
Summer is coming.
The sun is shining.
We are having good fun at the beach.
Collecting shells, listening to the waves.
Touching the warm sand, warm and soft.
Listening to the waves, eating ice cream
Cool and yummy!
Smelling and eating food on a barbecue.
Enjoy the sunshine, happy you and me!
[案例反思]
在小學(xué)英語(yǔ)的教學(xué)過(guò)程中,傳統(tǒng)的教學(xué)方法已經(jīng)不再適合學(xué)生的“口味”,教師必須打破傳統(tǒng)的教學(xué)觀念,將情境教學(xué)引入小學(xué)英語(yǔ)課堂中,尤其是在活動(dòng)課型中。教師可以運(yùn)用實(shí)物,多媒體,游戲等多種方法來(lái)創(chuàng)設(shè)有利于學(xué)生發(fā)展的情境,改變傳統(tǒng)的單調(diào)及枯燥的教學(xué)模式,將生動(dòng),形象,活潑的教學(xué)新模式引入課堂,促使他們能夠自主,自愿地學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ),在情境中感受學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的樂(lè)趣,從而調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)熱情,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣。
所謂教學(xué)有法,但無(wú)定法。在實(shí)際的課堂教學(xué)中,教師要根據(jù)教材的內(nèi)容以及小學(xué)生的心理發(fā)展特點(diǎn),巧妙地創(chuàng)設(shè)情境;要以學(xué)習(xí)目的為出發(fā)點(diǎn),以激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣為目標(biāo),創(chuàng)設(shè)合理的情境,將情境貫穿于教學(xué)過(guò)程中;要利用情境組織教學(xué),讓學(xué)生在情境中活動(dòng),積極地調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的熱情,提高課堂教學(xué)效果。
參考文獻(xiàn):
[1]胡春洞.英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)論[M].廣西教育出版社,1996.
[2]于建福.教育觀念的轉(zhuǎn)變與更新[M].中國(guó)和平出版社,2000.
[3]張正東.外語(yǔ)教與學(xué)[M].科學(xué)出版社,1999.