黃映芳, 彭 峰, 鐘春林
(1.福建醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬第一醫(yī)院干部病房,福建福州350005;2.福建醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬第一醫(yī)院心內(nèi)科,福建福州350005;3.復(fù)旦大學(xué)附屬中山醫(yī)院心內(nèi)科,上海200032)
自發(fā)性高血壓大鼠血清脂聯(lián)素水平與左室舒張功能的關(guān)系
黃映芳1, 彭 峰2, 鐘春林3
(1.福建醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬第一醫(yī)院干部病房,福建福州350005;2.福建醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬第一醫(yī)院心內(nèi)科,福建福州350005;3.復(fù)旦大學(xué)附屬中山醫(yī)院心內(nèi)科,上海200032)
目的:探討自發(fā)性高血壓大鼠(SHR)血清脂聯(lián)素水平與左室舒張功能的關(guān)系.方法:6月齡雄性SHR和Wistar大鼠各10只.采用酶聯(lián)免疫吸附方法測定血清脂聯(lián)素水平,小動(dòng)物高頻超聲檢測儀通過二尖瓣血流頻譜多普勒和組織多普勒技術(shù)測定左室舒張功能各項(xiàng)指標(biāo).結(jié)果:血清脂聯(lián)素水平SHR顯著低于Wistar大鼠[(11.18 ±0.37)、(13.43±0.58);P<0.01];E/A和E′/A′SHR顯著低于Wistar大鼠[E/A:(2.21±0.23)、(2.77± 0.24);P<0.01和E′/A′:(0.56±0.13)、(1.46±0.11);P<0.01];E/E′SHR顯著高于Wistar大鼠[(30.17± 1.78)、(21.15±1.44);P<0.01];DT和IVRT兩組比較無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異.SHR血清脂聯(lián)素水平與E/A、E′/A′呈顯著正相關(guān)(r=0.828,P=0.003;r=0.720,P=0.019),與E/E′呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān)(r=-0.845,P=0.002).多元逐步回歸分析表明血清脂聯(lián)素水平能分別進(jìn)入以E/A、E′/A′和E/E′為應(yīng)變量的回歸方程中.結(jié)論:血清脂聯(lián)素水平與左室舒張功能超聲指標(biāo)顯著相關(guān),其水平降低可能是導(dǎo)致高血壓左室舒張功能不全的危險(xiǎn)因素之一.
自發(fā)性高血壓大鼠; 脂聯(lián)素; 左室舒張功能; 超聲心動(dòng)描記術(shù)
脂聯(lián)素是一種主要由白色脂肪組織分泌的肽類激素,動(dòng)物研究及臨床研究均已證實(shí),脂聯(lián)素具有降血糖、改善胰島素抵抗、抗炎等多重生物學(xué)作用[1-2],在心血管水平,國內(nèi)有研究發(fā)現(xiàn),低血清脂聯(lián)素水平是左室舒張功能不全的早期預(yù)測指標(biāo)[3],然而血清脂聯(lián)素水平與左室舒張功能的相關(guān)超聲指標(biāo)的關(guān)系以及與左室舒張功能不全的機(jī)制目前研究甚少.本研究擬通過自發(fā)性高血壓大鼠探討血清脂聯(lián)素水平與左室舒張功能超聲相關(guān)指標(biāo)的關(guān)系.
1.1 實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物
6月齡雄性SHR和Wistar大鼠各10只,體質(zhì)量分別為(356.5±7.4)和(394.9±8.1)g.所有大鼠購自于復(fù)旦大學(xué)上海醫(yī)學(xué)院實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物中心,飼養(yǎng)于SPF級房間.
1.2 收縮壓和心率測量
采用日本Softron公司BP-98A尾動(dòng)脈壓測定儀檢測大鼠尾動(dòng)脈收縮壓和靜息心率.
1.3 血清脂聯(lián)素水平測定
采用美國ADL公司酶聯(lián)免疫吸附(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)試劑盒測定血清脂聯(lián)素水平.
1.4 超聲心動(dòng)圖左室舒張功能指標(biāo)測量
采用Vevo770高分辨率小動(dòng)物超聲檢測儀(加拿大Visual Sonics公司),探頭頻率17.5 MHz,通過二尖瓣前向血流頻譜多普勒和二尖瓣環(huán)組織多普勒,并用隨機(jī)附帶的心臟功能測定軟件包(Software Site License Version 3.0)測量并計(jì)算以下舒張功能相關(guān)參數(shù):采集二尖瓣血流頻譜,測定二尖瓣血流E峰減速時(shí)間(DT);等容舒張時(shí)間(IVRT);左心室舒張?jiān)缙诙獍昕谘鞣逯担‥,cm/s)、心房收縮期二尖瓣口血流峰值(A,cm/s),計(jì)算E/A比值;采用組織多普勒,測量二尖瓣瓣環(huán)舒張?jiān)缙谒俣确逯担‥′,cm/s)、舒張晚期速度峰值(A′,cm/s),計(jì)算E′/A′比值;計(jì)算舒張?jiān)缙诙獍昕谘鞣逯蹬c二尖瓣環(huán)速度峰值之比(E/E′比值).以上超聲指標(biāo)均測量4個(gè)心動(dòng)周期,取平均值.
1.5 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法
采用SPSS 16.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件.計(jì)量資料以均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差表示,組間均數(shù)比較采用獨(dú)立樣本t檢驗(yàn),變量間相關(guān)性采用Pearson相關(guān)分析,采用多元逐步回歸分析左室舒張功能的危險(xiǎn)因素.P<0.05認(rèn)為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義.
2.1 一般資料比較
6月齡SHR與Wistar大鼠相比,收縮壓顯著升高[(191.5±6.2)、(109.7±5.5)mmHg,P<0.01],心率差異比較無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義[(398±16)、(391±14)次/min,P>0.05].
2.2 兩組大鼠血清脂聯(lián)素水平比較
SHR血清脂聯(lián)素水平顯著低于Wistar大鼠[(11.18±0.37)、(13.43±0.58)ng/mL],差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.01)(表1).
2.3 兩組大鼠舒張功能超聲指標(biāo)比較
SHR E/A和E′/A′均顯著低于Wistar大鼠(P<0.01),E/E′顯著高于Wistar大鼠(P<0.01),而DT和IVRT兩組大鼠間比較差異沒有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(表1).
表1 SHR和W istar大鼠血清脂聯(lián)素水平及心臟功能的超聲指標(biāo)比較(±s)Table 1 Com parisons of serum adiponectin level and cardiac function indexes by echocardiography between SHR and W istar rats
表1 SHR和W istar大鼠血清脂聯(lián)素水平及心臟功能的超聲指標(biāo)比較(±s)Table 1 Com parisons of serum adiponectin level and cardiac function indexes by echocardiography between SHR and W istar rats
脂聯(lián)素/(ng·mL-1)LVEF/% FS/% E/A E′/A′ E/E′ DT/ms IVRT/ms Wistar 13.43±0.58 83.66±1.34 54.33±1.47 2.77±0.24 1.46±0.11 21.15±1.44 25.4±5.4 32.4±5.2 SHR 11.18±0.37 90.67±0.85 61.14±1.29 2.21±0.23 0.56±0.13 30.17±1.78 26.7±4.8 36.3±6.3 t值 5.137 -5.414 -9.964 10.973 30.728 -9.767 -1.952 -1.766 P值 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.099 0.128
2.4 血清脂聯(lián)素水平與左室舒張功能超聲指標(biāo)的關(guān)系
Pearson相關(guān)分析表明,SHR血清脂聯(lián)素水平與E/A、E′/A′呈顯著正相關(guān)(r=0.828,P=0.003;r=0.720,P=0.019),與E/E′呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān)(r=-0.845,P=0.002),與DT和IVRT不具有相關(guān)性(P>0.05)(表2).多元逐步回歸分析表明,在排除收縮壓、心率、LVEF、FS、體質(zhì)量等因素的影響后,血清脂聯(lián)素水平能分別進(jìn)入以E/A、E′/A′和E/E′為應(yīng)變量的回歸方程(表3),但不能進(jìn)入以DT、IVRT為應(yīng)變量的回歸方程中.
表2 血清脂聯(lián)素水平與舒張功能超聲指標(biāo)的相關(guān)性分析Table 2 Correlation of serum adiponectin levelw ith cardiac diastolic function indexes by echocardiography
表3 血清脂聯(lián)素水平與舒張功能超聲指標(biāo)為應(yīng)變量的多元逐步回歸分析Table 3 Multiple stepw ise regression analysis of serum adiponectin level and cardiac diastolic function indexes by echocardiography
自發(fā)性高血壓大鼠能較好模擬人類原發(fā)性高血壓自然發(fā)病進(jìn)程,因而被用作壓力負(fù)荷致心臟結(jié)構(gòu)、功能異常的機(jī)制研究及藥物篩選的主要?jiǎng)游锬P椭唬?],而左室舒張功能不全是高血壓心臟病的極早期功能異常表現(xiàn)[5-6],也是舒張性心力衰竭的獨(dú)立危險(xiǎn)因素[7-8].美國超聲學(xué)會(huì)相關(guān)指南指出,通過二尖瓣血流頻譜和二尖瓣環(huán)組織多普勒相結(jié)合的方法(相關(guān)指標(biāo)包括E/A比值、E′/A′比值、E/E′比值、DT以及IVRT等)檢測舒張功能,和創(chuàng)傷性血流動(dòng)力學(xué)檢測結(jié)果以及臨床表現(xiàn)具有很好的相關(guān)性[9].
研究表明,在排除肥胖、體質(zhì)指數(shù)和血脂等因素的影響后,高血壓患者低血清脂聯(lián)素水平與舒張壓、收縮壓及平均動(dòng)脈壓水平均呈負(fù)相關(guān)[10],Liao等[11]通過脂聯(lián)素基因敲除后的壓力超負(fù)荷小鼠模型研究發(fā)現(xiàn),脂聯(lián)素缺乏能夠促進(jìn)病理性心肌重構(gòu),引起小鼠心臟向心性肥厚和死亡率增加,以上結(jié)果提示低脂聯(lián)素水平是心血管疾病的一個(gè)危險(xiǎn)因素.
筆者研究發(fā)現(xiàn),SHR血清脂聯(lián)素水平顯著低于Wistar大鼠,并且其水平與反映左室舒張功能的超聲指標(biāo)E/A、E′/A′呈正相關(guān),與E/E′呈負(fù)相關(guān),提示脂聯(lián)素可能具有抑制左室舒張功能降低的作用.進(jìn)一步采用多元逐步回歸分析表明,在剔除了收縮壓、心率、LVEF、FS、體質(zhì)量等常見危險(xiǎn)因素后,血清脂聯(lián)素水平能分別進(jìn)入以E/A、E′/A′和E/E′為應(yīng)變量的回歸方程中,說明脂聯(lián)素對舒張功能的影響?yīng)毩⒂谏鲜龀R姷奈kU(xiǎn)因素.基礎(chǔ)和臨床研究表明低血清脂聯(lián)素水平是心肌肥厚和心肌纖維化的獨(dú)立危險(xiǎn)因素[12-13],這些結(jié)果與高血壓致左室舒張功能不全的主要病理表現(xiàn)一致,因此推測脂聯(lián)素對左室舒張功能的影響主要與脂聯(lián)素水平降低導(dǎo)致心肌肥厚和纖維化增多有關(guān).
綜上所述,SHR血清脂聯(lián)素水平與E/A、E′/A′呈顯著正相關(guān),與E/E′呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān),其水平降低是導(dǎo)致高血壓左室舒張功能不全的危險(xiǎn)因素之一.
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[責(zé)任編輯:劉蔚綏]
Relationship of serum adiponectin w ith left ventricular diastolic function assessed by echocardiography in spontaneously hypertensive rats
HUANG Yingfang1, PENG Feng2, ZHONG Chunlin3
(1.The Vip Ward,The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University,F(xiàn)uzhou 350005,China;2.Department of Cardiology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University,F(xiàn)uzhou 350005,China;3.Department of Cardiology,Zhongshan Hospital,F(xiàn)udan University,Shanghai200032,China)
Aim:To investigate the relationship of serum adiponectin with echocardiographic indexes of left ventricular diastolic function in spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR).M ethods:Ten male SHR and normotensiveWistar controlswere used respectively.Serum adiponectin levelwas determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbnent assay(ELISA).Left ventricular diastolic function parameters[E/A,E′/A′,E/E′,deceleration time(DT)and isovolumic relaxation time(IVRT)]were measured and calculated by Pulsed-wave and Tissue Doppler echocardiography.Results:Serum adiponectin levelwas significantly lower in SHR than that in Wistar rats[(11.18±0.37)、(13.43±0.58);P<0.01],so were E/A and E′/A′ratios[E/A:(2.21±0.23)、(2.77±0.24);P<0.01 and E′/A′:(0.56±0.13)、(1.46±0.11);P<0.01].While E/E′ratiowas significantly higher in SHR compared with Wistar rats[(30.17±1.78)、(21.15±1.44);P<0.01].There were no significant differences pertaining to DT and IVRT.In SHR,serum adiponectin level significantly positively correlated with E/A and E′/A′(r=0.828,P=0.003 and r=0.720,P=0.019,respectively)while negatively correlated with E/E′ratio(r=-0.845,P=0.002).Through multiple stepwise regression analysis,adiponectin level could be entered the regression formula for E/A,E′/A′and E/E′,respectively.Conclusion:The present study demonstrated that serum adiponectin level significantly correlated with echocardiographic indexes of left ventricular diastolic function and that it is an independent risk factor for compromised left ventricular diastolic function.
spontaneously hypertensive rat; adiponectin; left ventricular diastolic function;echocardiography
R54
A
1000-9965(2015)05-0402-04
10.11778/j.jdxb.2015.05.008
2014-12-25
福建省自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(2015J01451)
黃映芳(1976-),碩士,主治醫(yī)師,研究方向:老年醫(yī)學(xué).Tel:0591-87981722,E-mail:738026895@qq.com