趙長海肖紅孫寶平70077陜西省西安冶金醫(yī)院外科74300陜西省咸陽市永壽高新醫(yī)院
腹腔鏡膽囊切除術(shù)500例患者術(shù)后發(fā)生并發(fā)癥臨床分析
趙長海1肖紅1孫寶平2
710077陜西省西安冶金醫(yī)院外科1
714300陜西省咸陽市永壽高新醫(yī)院2
目的:探討腹腔鏡膽囊切除術(shù)患者術(shù)后發(fā)生并發(fā)癥的相關(guān)因素。方法:收治腹腔鏡膽囊切除術(shù)患者500例,對(duì)患者術(shù)后并發(fā)癥進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果:發(fā)生術(shù)后并發(fā)癥18例(3.6%),其中急性膽囊炎3例,單純性慢性膽囊炎4例,膽囊結(jié)石伴慢性膽囊炎8例,膽源性胰腺炎2例,膽囊息肉伴膽囊炎1例。膽囊壁厚≥5mm的患者并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率明顯高于膽囊壁厚<5mm的患者(P<0.05)。結(jié)論:膽囊壁厚≥5mm,急性膽囊炎和膽囊結(jié)石伴慢性膽囊炎是發(fā)生并發(fā)癥的主要病種。
腹腔鏡;膽囊切除術(shù);并發(fā)癥
膽囊切除術(shù)是治療膽囊疾病的重要方法。隨著微創(chuàng)技術(shù)的發(fā)展,腹腔鏡膽囊切除術(shù)具有創(chuàng)傷小、出血少、患者恢復(fù)快等優(yōu)點(diǎn)[1],腹腔鏡膽囊切除術(shù)得到普及。但是由于術(shù)野范圍小,也增加了并發(fā)癥的發(fā)生。為探討腹腔鏡膽囊切除術(shù)患者術(shù)后發(fā)生并發(fā)癥的相關(guān)因素及防治措施,2013年1月-2015年4月收治膽囊切除術(shù)患者500例,現(xiàn)報(bào)告如下。
2013年1月-2015年4月收治膽囊切除術(shù)患者500例,男220例,女280例,年齡19~79歲,平均45.8歲;疾病類別:膽囊結(jié)石伴慢性膽囊炎163例,膽源性胰腺炎70例,急性膽囊炎74例,膽囊息肉伴膽囊炎58例,膽囊腺瘤11例,單純性慢性膽囊炎124例。合并高血壓99例,合并糖尿病36例,合并老慢支89例。
方法:所有患者均行腔鏡膽囊切除術(shù)?;颊呷⊙雠P位,行全身麻醉,臍下緣處切約1cm長切口,建立CO2氣腹,氣腹壓力10~14mmHg。手術(shù)采用三孔法,首先腹腔鏡探查膽囊、膽總管等解剖部位的病變、炎癥、粘連程度等情況。
統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法:所有數(shù)據(jù)采用SPSS 16.0進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,采用χ2檢驗(yàn);P<0.05為差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
500例患者術(shù)后并發(fā)癥發(fā)生情況:并發(fā)癥發(fā)生18例,并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率3.6%,其中腹膜炎1例(0.2%),切口疝1例(0.2%),腸道損傷1例(0.2%),腹腔感染2 例(0.4%),膽管結(jié)石1例(0.2%),膽瘺12 例(0.2%),膽管損傷3例(0.6%),腹腔出血3例(0.6%),嘔吐4例(0.8%),見表1。
疾病類型與并發(fā)癥的關(guān)系:18例并發(fā)癥患者中發(fā)生在急性膽囊炎中3例,發(fā)生在單純性慢性膽囊炎中4例,發(fā)生在膽囊結(jié)石伴慢性膽囊炎8例,發(fā)生在膽源性胰腺炎2例,發(fā)生在膽囊息肉伴膽囊炎1例,見表2。
膽囊壁增厚度與并發(fā)癥關(guān)系:本組膽囊壁厚<5mm 355例,發(fā)生并發(fā)癥2例,并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率0.56%;膽囊壁厚≥5mm 145例,發(fā)生并發(fā)癥16例,并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率11.03%;膽囊壁厚≥5mm的患者并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率明顯高于膽囊壁厚<5mm的患者,兩者比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見表3。
Clinicalanalysisof postoperative com plicationsof patientswith laparoscopic cholecystectom y in 500 cases
Zhao Changhai1,Xiao Hong1,Sun Baoping2
DepartmentofSurgery,Xi'an MetallurgicalHospitalofShanxiProvince 7100771
Xianyang City Yongshou Gaoxin HospitalofShanxiProvince 7143002
Objective:To explore the related factors of postoperative complications of patientswith laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods:500 patientswith laparoscopic cholecystectomywere selected.The postoperative complicationsof patientswere analyzed.Results:18 cases(3.6%)had postoperative complications,including 3 caseswere acute cholecystitis,4 caseswere simple chronic cholecystitis,8 cases were cholecystolithiasis combined with chronic cholecystitis,2 cases were biliary pancreatitis,1 case was gallbladder polyps combined with cholecystitis.The complication incidence rate of patientswith gallbladder wall thicknessmore than or equal to 5 mm was significantly higher than that of patients with gallbladder wall thickness less than 5 mm(P<0.05).Conclusion:The gallbladderwall thicknessmore than or equal to 5mm,acute cholecystitis and cholecystolithiasis combined with chronic cholecystitisare themajordiseasesofcomplications.
Laparoscope;Cholecystectomy;Complication
表1 500例患者術(shù)后并發(fā)癥發(fā)生情況(例)
10.3969/j.issn.1007-614x.2015.28.32