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讀寫任務(wù)寫作竅門及同伴評價(jià)

2014-08-07 00:31黃麗
廣東教育·高中 2014年6期
關(guān)鍵詞:細(xì)則同伴評分

黃麗

臨近高考了,有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的老師們都會在作文上加大力氣。這個時候,學(xué)生要寫好一篇考場作文,教師要全部批改出來,都是嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)。基于此,筆者試從以下角度出發(fā),展示給學(xué)生:一篇好的讀寫任務(wù)是如何生成的;和教師們分享:學(xué)生同伴評價(jià)的具體操作。希望給到大家一點(diǎn)幫助。

先請閱讀以下讀寫任務(wù)材料,然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文。

As a kid, I was a little fat. In college, I was less active, and I started blowing up. It got out of control when I went to law school. At the age of 30, I weighed 414 pounds. I was always tired. I have a family history of heart disease, and I was scared. I also wanted to look better. So a few weeks after my birthday, in the spring of 2006, I started to lose weight.

Walking was all I could do at first. I started by walking to a subway stop a few blocks away instead of the one closest to my apartment. I gradually increased the distance. A year later, I started to run. At first I could run for only two minutes, but I kept on.

I made a difference. I was losing nine or ten pounds a month, and I had a lot more energy. I started to think about the New York City Marathon, which goes right past my apartment building. For years, I thought I could never do that. But now I realized that maybe I could...

By my 33rd birthday, in the spring of 2009, I was down to 180 pounds. That summer, I started formally training for the marathon. And on the morning of November 1, I stood on the Verrazano Bridge in Staten Island with more than 40,000 other runners, waiting for the event to start.

When we started moving, it was an amazing feeling to have people cheering me on, handing me cups of water. In Harlem, my mom and brother stood on a street corner, waving. And then I crossed the finishing line in Central Park, and somebody put a medal around my neck. I was in tears from being so happy.

【寫作內(nèi)容】

1. 以約30詞概括上文的主要內(nèi)容;

2. 以約120詞就“持之以恒”這個話題發(fā)表你的看法,內(nèi)容包括:

(1)你讀后的感受;

(2)用你自己或他人的經(jīng)歷說明持之以恒的重要性;

(3)呼吁大家堅(jiān)持就是勝利。

第一步:Summary

請看一位學(xué)生寫的Summary:

The passage told us that my experience of lose weight and though the hardly exercise, I lost my weight down to 180 pounds in 2009 and won the medal in formally training at last.

請大家評價(jià)一下,上面的Summary分值5分,可以打幾分?

筆者評價(jià):1~2分。分?jǐn)?shù)往上還是往下浮動也許還取決于該學(xué)生的書寫。從記敘文的概括角度來說,該記敘文的幾要素應(yīng)概括:Who?(The author); What?(was getting very fat when young); How?(lost weight step by step;joined in the City Marathon); Result?(achieved great success)。此學(xué)生的Summary要點(diǎn)比較齊全,只是語病較多,格式不規(guī)范??筛膭尤缦拢?/p>

The passage tells us the writers experience of losing weight. Through the hard /pains-taking exercise, he lost weight successfully and even won a medal in formally training at last.

再請參考一篇優(yōu)秀的Summary:

The author was getting very fat when young and he tried to lose weight step by step. He tried hard and even joined in the City Marathon. At last he achieved great success.

同伴互評:了解Summary的評分細(xì)則,評價(jià)同伴的寫作,并請完成“同伴互評反饋模式測量評價(jià)表”表1。(表格附文后)

第二步:要點(diǎn)(1)你讀后的感受。

“讀后感受”,即要求大家在閱讀完故事后,表達(dá)心情感受,這類要點(diǎn)通常含有“你讀(……)后的感受”,2007、2008年高考曾考過這類要點(diǎn)。那么讀完本文,你的心情感受的詞有哪些?學(xué)生頭腦風(fēng)暴:①感動touched /moved; ②受啟發(fā)的,受鼓舞的inspired /encouraged;③印象深刻的impressed;④欽佩admire;⑤高度評價(jià)think highly of...

用以下任一主題句開頭:

1. 這篇文章給我留下了深刻的印象。

The passage ___________________________ me.(leaves a strong impression on)

endprint

2. 讀完這篇文章后,我對持之以恒有了更深刻的了解。

Having read the passage,I_________________________ being persistent /persevered. (have a better understanding of)

請看一位學(xué)生寫的Point 1部分:

After reading the passage, I was so respect the writers sprit which can make people stick to realizing their dream by themselves.

修改:

After reading the passage, I admire the writer very much for his spirit, which encourages me to keep on chasing my dream.

除了改動語病以外,還有一個問題就是:作為一個要點(diǎn),怎樣再寫長一點(diǎn)?怎樣沒話找話說?且說的有條理?

事實(shí)上,表達(dá)完心情感受后,可以就原故事中的人和事發(fā)表看法?;灸0迨牵骸案惺芫洌褪抡撌隆?。

如下面的這個段落的擴(kuò)展思路:回答要點(diǎn)+重述故事+故事啟示。

After reading the story, I think highly of the authors efforts and strong will. I can imagine how painful and tough the process of losing weight is, especially for a man weighing 414 pounds. But he never said die, conquering the hunger and exhaust with amazing perseverance instead. Without doubt, its the perseverance that gave him energy and bravery to his target.

或者如下面的這個段落的擴(kuò)展思路:回答要點(diǎn)+反面論證+故事啟示。

Having read this passage, I was deeply touched /moved and admired the author for his insistence /perseverance. If he had not been so determined and persistent, he would not have lost so much weight and lived an exciting life. His story shows that if one sets his mind to something, nothing is impossible.

同伴互評:了解要點(diǎn)1的評分細(xì)則,評價(jià)同伴的寫作,并請完成“同伴互評反饋模式測量評價(jià)表”表2。

第三步:要點(diǎn)(2)用你自己或他人的經(jīng)歷說明持之以恒的重要性。

可以用到的主題句:

1. 這個故事讓我想起我的一次相似經(jīng)歷。

This story _____________ my own similar experience. (reminds me of)

2. 我曾有過難以忘懷的/相似的經(jīng)歷。

I once had _______________/___________ experience. (an unforgettable/a similar)

3. 讀了這個故事/這篇文章后,我不禁想起我的一個經(jīng)歷。

After reading the story/passage,I ____________________ one of my experience. (cant help remembering)

4. 我突然想起我朋友的一次相似的經(jīng)歷。

_______________________ my friend had a similar experience. (It occurs to me that)

5. 我朋友的一次經(jīng)歷是有說服力的一個例子。

One of my friends experiences is _____________________. (a convincing example)

請看一位學(xué)生的經(jīng)歷部分:

One day, my father readied to go fishing alone. In my eyes, it seems to be so interesting that I followed my father to go fishing. Many minutes later, I feel it so boring because of no fish. So, I determined to give up and went to play near the places where my father fishing. But, my father continued fishing although I gave up. And then, my father was rewarded some fish but I have none.

筆者評價(jià):語病多暫時不說了;很明顯,本段落開頭缺主題句;結(jié)尾未點(diǎn)題。所以從結(jié)構(gòu)上說,他完全可以學(xué)會搭造漂亮的框架。改動如下:(注:“起承轉(zhuǎn)合”寫好“經(jīng)歷”一文請參考本刊2013年第3期)

(主題句)It reminds me of a similar experience. (起)One day my father announced that he would go fishing. On hearing that, I felt excited since I had never gone out for a long time. (承) We had been fishing all morning but hadnt had a single bite.Frustrated, I decided to give it up and went to play. (轉(zhuǎn))However, my father didnt lose heart and continued to hold the fishing rod there. (合)Guess whatFinally, my father caught a lot of fish. (點(diǎn)題)Of course, without perseverance, anyone couldnt catch any fish. So do our study and life.

再請看另一位學(xué)生的經(jīng)歷部分:

When it comes to the persistence, it reminds me of an experience like this. At my birthday of ten, I received a beautiful bike as my birthday present, but I didnt know how to ride the bike. After that day, I decided to learn riding bike with my mother who guided me. I rode up the bike, and then fell down. Rode up and fell down, rode up and fell down, once again and again. It hurt my hands and knees badly. A week later, I felt depressed that I only could ride meters while other children rode their bikes freely. Although how hard it was, I never gave up. Eventually, with my mothers encouragement, I persevered and rode the bike successfully.

endprint

筆者評價(jià):故事前奏鋪墊太多;語言有待提高。改動如下:

(主題句) This encouraging story reminds me of my own experience when I first learned to ride a bike. (起)At the beginning, I found it hard to learn to ride on a bike since I couldnt gain my balance, making myself all black and blue. (承)I could still remember how my young fellows persuaded me to give up, laughing at my awkward performance. Having failed many times, I intended to give it up. (轉(zhuǎn))Thanks to my mothers guidance and encouragement, I finally managed to ride freely like other children. (合)Without perseverance, I definitely couldnt ride a bike now!

同伴互評:了解要點(diǎn)2的評分細(xì)則,評價(jià)同伴的寫作,并請完成“同伴互評反饋模式測量評價(jià)表”表3。

第四步:要點(diǎn)(3)呼吁大家堅(jiān)持就是勝利。

可用到的表示呼吁或建議的句式:

1. I call on everybody to develop a strong will and keep passion to do anything. Make a practical plan and follow it every day. I firmly believe that success favors only the persevering mind!

2. Therefore, by no means should we give in when faced with drawback. Be full of confidence and motivation, approach our dreams step by step, and we will finally achieve our dreams in life one day.

3. Personally, both of the success of the authors and mine is the miracle created by perseverance. So, I appeal to you to persist in what you like. Only in this way can you make a miracle of your own!

4. So my dear friends, I strongly recommend that only with insistence can your dream eventually come true! Just keep it in mind, “Rome wasn't built in one day.”

同伴互評:了解要點(diǎn)3的評分細(xì)則,評價(jià)同伴的寫作,并請完成“同伴互評反饋模式測量評價(jià)表”表4。

第五步:小組內(nèi)討論。學(xué)生根據(jù)教師評講及同伴互評的建議重寫一遍作文。

附:同伴互評反饋模式測量評價(jià)表:

同伴_________________ 全項(xiàng)總得分______________評價(jià)人 _________________

通過多次的教學(xué)反饋,上述所列的讀寫任務(wù)逐步推進(jìn)法幫到很多平時沒話寫的學(xué)生解決了困難,理清了思路。同時,在作文評講方面,把同伴互評融入到常規(guī)的全批、面批之中,采用了量化評價(jià)表,加強(qiáng)了學(xué)生自主消化的過程,也使得教師在操作上更有實(shí)用性。期待能與大家共同進(jìn)步!

(作者單位:開平市開僑中學(xué))

責(zé)任編校蔣小青

endprint

筆者評價(jià):故事前奏鋪墊太多;語言有待提高。改動如下:

(主題句) This encouraging story reminds me of my own experience when I first learned to ride a bike. (起)At the beginning, I found it hard to learn to ride on a bike since I couldnt gain my balance, making myself all black and blue. (承)I could still remember how my young fellows persuaded me to give up, laughing at my awkward performance. Having failed many times, I intended to give it up. (轉(zhuǎn))Thanks to my mothers guidance and encouragement, I finally managed to ride freely like other children. (合)Without perseverance, I definitely couldnt ride a bike now!

同伴互評:了解要點(diǎn)2的評分細(xì)則,評價(jià)同伴的寫作,并請完成“同伴互評反饋模式測量評價(jià)表”表3。

第四步:要點(diǎn)(3)呼吁大家堅(jiān)持就是勝利。

可用到的表示呼吁或建議的句式:

1. I call on everybody to develop a strong will and keep passion to do anything. Make a practical plan and follow it every day. I firmly believe that success favors only the persevering mind!

2. Therefore, by no means should we give in when faced with drawback. Be full of confidence and motivation, approach our dreams step by step, and we will finally achieve our dreams in life one day.

3. Personally, both of the success of the authors and mine is the miracle created by perseverance. So, I appeal to you to persist in what you like. Only in this way can you make a miracle of your own!

4. So my dear friends, I strongly recommend that only with insistence can your dream eventually come true! Just keep it in mind, “Rome wasn't built in one day.”

同伴互評:了解要點(diǎn)3的評分細(xì)則,評價(jià)同伴的寫作,并請完成“同伴互評反饋模式測量評價(jià)表”表4。

第五步:小組內(nèi)討論。學(xué)生根據(jù)教師評講及同伴互評的建議重寫一遍作文。

附:同伴互評反饋模式測量評價(jià)表:

同伴_________________ 全項(xiàng)總得分______________評價(jià)人 _________________

通過多次的教學(xué)反饋,上述所列的讀寫任務(wù)逐步推進(jìn)法幫到很多平時沒話寫的學(xué)生解決了困難,理清了思路。同時,在作文評講方面,把同伴互評融入到常規(guī)的全批、面批之中,采用了量化評價(jià)表,加強(qiáng)了學(xué)生自主消化的過程,也使得教師在操作上更有實(shí)用性。期待能與大家共同進(jìn)步!

(作者單位:開平市開僑中學(xué))

責(zé)任編校蔣小青

endprint

筆者評價(jià):故事前奏鋪墊太多;語言有待提高。改動如下:

(主題句) This encouraging story reminds me of my own experience when I first learned to ride a bike. (起)At the beginning, I found it hard to learn to ride on a bike since I couldnt gain my balance, making myself all black and blue. (承)I could still remember how my young fellows persuaded me to give up, laughing at my awkward performance. Having failed many times, I intended to give it up. (轉(zhuǎn))Thanks to my mothers guidance and encouragement, I finally managed to ride freely like other children. (合)Without perseverance, I definitely couldnt ride a bike now!

同伴互評:了解要點(diǎn)2的評分細(xì)則,評價(jià)同伴的寫作,并請完成“同伴互評反饋模式測量評價(jià)表”表3。

第四步:要點(diǎn)(3)呼吁大家堅(jiān)持就是勝利。

可用到的表示呼吁或建議的句式:

1. I call on everybody to develop a strong will and keep passion to do anything. Make a practical plan and follow it every day. I firmly believe that success favors only the persevering mind!

2. Therefore, by no means should we give in when faced with drawback. Be full of confidence and motivation, approach our dreams step by step, and we will finally achieve our dreams in life one day.

3. Personally, both of the success of the authors and mine is the miracle created by perseverance. So, I appeal to you to persist in what you like. Only in this way can you make a miracle of your own!

4. So my dear friends, I strongly recommend that only with insistence can your dream eventually come true! Just keep it in mind, “Rome wasn't built in one day.”

同伴互評:了解要點(diǎn)3的評分細(xì)則,評價(jià)同伴的寫作,并請完成“同伴互評反饋模式測量評價(jià)表”表4。

第五步:小組內(nèi)討論。學(xué)生根據(jù)教師評講及同伴互評的建議重寫一遍作文。

附:同伴互評反饋模式測量評價(jià)表:

同伴_________________ 全項(xiàng)總得分______________評價(jià)人 _________________

通過多次的教學(xué)反饋,上述所列的讀寫任務(wù)逐步推進(jìn)法幫到很多平時沒話寫的學(xué)生解決了困難,理清了思路。同時,在作文評講方面,把同伴互評融入到常規(guī)的全批、面批之中,采用了量化評價(jià)表,加強(qiáng)了學(xué)生自主消化的過程,也使得教師在操作上更有實(shí)用性。期待能與大家共同進(jìn)步!

(作者單位:開平市開僑中學(xué))

責(zé)任編校蔣小青

endprint

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