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一堂基于情境和語(yǔ)篇的詞匯課案例分析

2014-04-18 20:55:02嚴(yán)潔蓉
關(guān)鍵詞:案例分析語(yǔ)篇情境

嚴(yán)潔蓉

摘要:本文就Module2 Unit4 Reading第二課時(shí)詞匯教學(xué)案例進(jìn)行了分析,提出了實(shí)施有效詞匯教學(xué),需基于教學(xué)情境和文章語(yǔ)篇開(kāi)展教學(xué)。這樣才能使枯燥無(wú)味的詞匯教學(xué)變得生動(dòng)、形象、具體;學(xué)生也才能真正愛(ài)上英語(yǔ)詞匯學(xué)習(xí)。

關(guān)鍵詞:情境;語(yǔ)篇;詞匯課;案例分析

中圖分類號(hào):G632.0 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A 文章編號(hào):1992-7711(2014)03-0113

一、背景

盡管基于情境和語(yǔ)篇的詞匯教學(xué)已成為高中英語(yǔ)教師的共識(shí),但是教師對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解和運(yùn)用還存在著問(wèn)題:創(chuàng)設(shè)的語(yǔ)境與教學(xué)主題關(guān)聯(lián)性差,一堂課中的語(yǔ)境多而雜,缺乏主題語(yǔ)境;或是脫離語(yǔ)境復(fù)習(xí)零散的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)點(diǎn),導(dǎo)致學(xué)生獲得的只是零碎的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)點(diǎn)。這不利于學(xué)生形成實(shí)際的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力,而且導(dǎo)致了語(yǔ)言輸出(寫作)受阻。

二、教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)

設(shè)計(jì)思想:本課設(shè)計(jì)的理論基礎(chǔ)是立足新課標(biāo)理念,提煉教材中的目標(biāo)詞匯和句型,創(chuàng)設(shè)必要的并能充分利用的主題語(yǔ)境。同時(shí),引導(dǎo)學(xué)生在語(yǔ)境中感知語(yǔ)言形式,熟悉其使用的語(yǔ)境條件,建立語(yǔ)言形式、意義和運(yùn)用之間的關(guān)系,提高學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力。

三、教學(xué)實(shí)錄

Step1: Lead in

教師播放“可可西里”部分影片,影片中人物數(shù)藏羚羊被殺害后的頭顱的個(gè)數(shù),引出課文內(nèi)容:The antelopes in Tibet are in danger of disappearing. They are dying out.

Step2: Words and expressions

be in danger (of) : 處于危險(xiǎn)之中

The Ibex is also in danger of disappearing because their habitat is threatened.

An little ibex will be if it plays with a wolf, which is .(in danger, dangerous)

教師通過(guò)對(duì)課文內(nèi)容的回顧,復(fù)習(xí)了一些詞匯,并讓學(xué)生在不同的語(yǔ)篇和情境中使用。

Q: How has Daisy learned to help wildlife?

1, 2 : be being dong

What are the differences:

a) We are being killed for the wool beneath our stomachs. Our fur is being used to make sweaters for people like you.

b) We are killed for the wool beneath our stomachs. Our fur is used to make sweaters for people like you.

What is implied(暗含) in the antelopes words?

Help! People are killing us all the time. We are dying out!

B. We thought that we could live in peace with human-beings. And now, we are so sad to see the killings.

C. Both A and B

習(xí)題操練

-I dont suppose /believe the police know who killed all the antelopes.

-Well, surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested(逮捕) and

now. (改編自江蘇 2006)

A. has been questioned C. is questioning

B. is being questioned D. has questioned

4. hunt

The hunting of Indian elephants(亞洲象) has become a serious problem since the 19th century.

They are being killed by the hunters because of their ivory.

n. hunting 獵殺行為

n. hunter 獵人

翻譯:

在中國(guó),捕殺大象的行為是不允許的。

In china, the hunting of elephants are not allowed.

獵人們知道,任何捕殺大象的人將會(huì)被送入監(jiān)獄。

Hunters know that anyone who wants to hunt and kill elephants will be put in prison.

affect

The drug affects mosquitoes.

The drug has an effect on mosquitoes.

affect effect

眾所周知,人類活動(dòng)對(duì)熱帶雨林中的野生動(dòng)物有影響。非法捕獵對(duì)此也有影響。這些影響使得那些野生動(dòng)物處于滅絕的危險(xiǎn)中。請(qǐng)保護(hù)熱帶雨林與野生動(dòng)物免受影響!

, human activity the wild animals in the rain forest. Meanwhile, illegal also them. The made the animals . Please protect the rain forest and the animals from those .

(As is known to all, have an effect on / affect, hunting, has an effect on/affects, effects, in danger of dying out, effects)

10. We should appreciate the importance of the wildlife protection and pay much attention to it .

Appreciate vt.

-Its not easy to appreciate the painting.I will appreciate it if you explain it to me.

-Its about the forests in Sichuan. And it means we should protect the last forests in the world.

-Thank you so much. I really appreciate your help.

意識(shí)到,鑒賞,感謝

Step3: Make a dialogue

What have you learned to help the wildlife?

Words and expressions:

in danger of; die out; be being done; hunt (hunting, hunter); in relief (to ones relief); burst into/out; contain; affect; have an effect on; protect ... (from ...); appreciate; pay attention to (doing)

Example:

-What have you learned about the wildlife protection?

- I have learned that we should ... because ... What about you?

-As for me, I have learned that ... because ...

Step4: Homework

Write a passage to call on people to protect the wildlife.

四、案例分析

本堂課從課堂學(xué)生的反應(yīng)與興趣,到詞匯運(yùn)用的效果,以及教學(xué)各環(huán)節(jié)時(shí)間的控制,都應(yīng)該算得上是一堂成功的課。分析原因,主要有以下幾方面令筆者較為滿意:

1. 教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)新穎獨(dú)特。本堂課是一堂詞匯講授課,是英語(yǔ)教師較為頭痛的課。因?yàn)閭鹘y(tǒng)至今,詞匯語(yǔ)法都被脫離上下文孤立對(duì)待,擺脫不了枯燥地機(jī)械操練的痕跡。學(xué)生不愛(ài)學(xué)卻又不得不學(xué)。如何在詞匯教學(xué)中培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的興趣是我們一直關(guān)注的問(wèn)題。本課就嘗試將詞匯教學(xué)放入“保護(hù)野生動(dòng)物”的情境中。學(xué)生一方面了解野生動(dòng)物急需保護(hù),同時(shí)還在學(xué)習(xí)如何用所學(xué)詞匯對(duì)這些問(wèn)題進(jìn)行描述。學(xué)生興趣濃厚,的確是一舉多得。

2. 教學(xué)過(guò)程線索清晰。教師在備課時(shí)特別考慮要讓整堂課顯得完滿。于是有了由讓學(xué)生回顧課文Daisy在飛毯之旅中學(xué)到的知識(shí)到你學(xué)到的知道, 從而實(shí)現(xiàn)了先學(xué)習(xí)詞匯, 再使用詞匯的過(guò)程。

3. 不脫離課本。在詞匯情境創(chuàng)設(shè)中,盡量以課本例句開(kāi)始,讓學(xué)生在課文中尋找相關(guān)詞句,并朗讀。在教授語(yǔ)法的同時(shí)也培養(yǎng)了閱讀能力。

4. 詞匯間過(guò)渡巧妙。在備課過(guò)程中,如何能讓詞匯與詞匯間的過(guò)渡自然又巧妙,的確費(fèi)了很大的功夫。最終選擇用情境創(chuàng)設(shè)作連接。課堂上所有詞匯短語(yǔ)的銜接都有不同情境為依托。真正作到了詞匯教學(xué)不離開(kāi)語(yǔ)言本身。

5. 本堂課設(shè)計(jì)中遇到的中心問(wèn)題是詞匯的選擇。有時(shí)為了讓一堂課能夠銜接完整,對(duì)于重點(diǎn)詞匯的取舍很難把握;其次在于課后對(duì)于詞匯掌握的檢驗(yàn)只是停留在口頭上,書(shū)面檢查還是脫離不了傳統(tǒng)的默寫。因此,如何讓詞匯復(fù)習(xí)更符合語(yǔ)言教學(xué)交際功能是一個(gè)值得研究的問(wèn)題。

(作者單位:浙江省溫州市第五十一中學(xué) 325000)

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