賴云耀,袁 濤,杜湘珂
LAI Yun-yao, YUAN Tao, DU Xiang-ke
1.北京大學(xué)人民醫(yī)院放射科,北京 100044
1Department of Radiology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
2.福建省寧德市醫(yī)院放射科,寧德 352100
2Department of Radiology, Ningde municipal Hospital, Ningde city, Fujian province 352100, China
圖1 CT增強(qiáng)重組矢狀面圖像示腫塊跨盆膈生長(zhǎng),鄰近結(jié)構(gòu)受壓移位,腫塊內(nèi)見條片狀脂肪密度影,病變輕度強(qiáng)化,內(nèi)見多發(fā)條索狀影 圖2~5 MR平掃T1WI冠狀面、T2WI軸面及增強(qiáng)掃描T1WI矢狀面、冠狀面示腫塊跨盆膈生長(zhǎng),呈不均勻強(qiáng)化,病灶內(nèi)有旋渦狀或分層樣結(jié)構(gòu) 圖6 病理示瘤細(xì)胞呈梭形,間質(zhì)水腫及黏液變性,血管豐富(HE×40)Fig. 1 Sagittal enhanced CT image shows large mass with fatty hypoattenuation in the superior portion traverses the pelvic diaphragm. Fig. 2—5 Coronal unenhanced T1-weighted MR image (2), Axial unenhanced T2-weighted MR image (3), Sagittal gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted MR image (4), Coronal enhanced T1-weighted MR image (5). MRI images reveal large tumor with transdiaphragmatic extension presences a swirling or layered appearance and the enhanced strands of fibrovascular tissue accentuate the appearance. Nearby bladder and uterus are displaced to right. Fig. 6 Pathologic photomicrograph shows scattered spindle cells and abundant vessels embedded in a myxoid matrix.
患者 女,36歲,14年前發(fā)現(xiàn)左側(cè)臀部腫物,直徑約2 cm,突出于皮面,無(wú)紅腫熱痛表現(xiàn),于13年前在外院行體表腫物切除術(shù)后,考慮為纖維血管瘤。切除后腫物復(fù)發(fā)并逐漸增大,3年前CT檢查提示陰道占位。發(fā)病后大便次數(shù)增多,無(wú)發(fā)熱腹痛。體檢:一般狀況好,腹壁柔軟,無(wú)壓痛及反跳痛,腹肌無(wú)緊張。左側(cè)臀部可見直徑約10 cm半球形隆起,質(zhì)軟,無(wú)波動(dòng)感,可活動(dòng),無(wú)紅腫熱痛。
CT表現(xiàn):盆腔左側(cè)巨大密度不均勻腫塊,條片狀脂肪密度并實(shí)性軟組織成分(平掃CT值約26~46 HU,輕微強(qiáng)化),膀胱、子宮及直腸受壓右移,腸系膜根部多發(fā)腫大淋巴結(jié)(圖1)。
MRI表現(xiàn):腫塊內(nèi)信號(hào)不均,上部可見不規(guī)則條片狀高信號(hào)、抑脂像呈低信號(hào),中下部相對(duì)于肌肉呈稍短T1、長(zhǎng)T2信號(hào),矢狀面及冠狀面示其內(nèi)多發(fā)縱向走行的小條帶狀稍低信號(hào)影,橫斷面示呈分層漩渦狀,增強(qiáng)后呈不均勻強(qiáng)化,并見腫塊內(nèi)小條帶狀強(qiáng)化,膀胱、子宮及直腸受壓右移,余與CT所見相同(圖2~5)。
術(shù)中所見:盆腔內(nèi)巨大腫塊,向后蔓延至骶前區(qū)域,并沿坐骨大孔向后方,于盆底區(qū)形成巨大軟組織包塊,大小約18 cm×15 cm×15 cm,質(zhì)軟,色暗紅,與周圍臟器粘連。
病理所見:梭形細(xì)胞腫瘤,大小為24 cm×18 cm×4 cm,間質(zhì)水腫及黏液變性,血管豐富。診斷為侵襲性血管黏液瘤(圖6).
侵襲性血管黏液瘤(aggressive angiomyxoma,AAM)是一種少見的間葉組織來(lái)源的良性腫瘤,含有黏液和血管成分,1983年由Steeper和 Rosai[1]首次描述,具有“侵襲性 ”和“復(fù)發(fā)性 ”的特點(diǎn)[2]。臨床所見患者多無(wú)癥狀,腫瘤生長(zhǎng)緩慢,發(fā)現(xiàn)時(shí)病灶常常較大、直徑多超過(guò)5 cm,??煽缗桦跎L(zhǎng),可累及周圍脂肪、纖維或肌肉組織。病灶表達(dá)雌、孕激素受體,可能有激素依賴性[3]。
年齡、性別分布:該病90%發(fā)生于女性,20~40歲多見。好發(fā)部位:盆腔、會(huì)陰、外陰部和臀部。治療:手術(shù)切除。預(yù)后:較好,未見遠(yuǎn)處轉(zhuǎn)移的報(bào)道。
[References]
[1] Steeper TA, Rosai J. Aggressive angiomyxoma of the female pelvis and perineum: report of nine cases of a distinctive type of gynecologic soft-tissue neoplasm. Am J Surg Pathol, 1983, 7(5): 463-475.
[2]. Outwater EK, Marchetto BE, Wagner BJ, et al. Aggressive angiomyxoma: findings on CT and MR imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol, 1999, 172(2): 435-438.
[3] Mccluggage WG, Patterson A, Maxwell P. Aggressive angiomyxoma of pelvic parts exhibits oestrogen and progesterone receptor positivity. J Clin Pathol, 2000, 53(8):603-605.