TheMeaning,ContentandLevelofNeedsofthePeople'sLivehood

CHEN Hong-quan

(Department of Scientific Research, Qingdao Party School of the CPC Committee, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China)

Abstract: Needs of the peoples' livehood are the needs for people's living, that's to say, people using various living conditions to safeguard and improve their own lives and to create a better life. Needs of the people's livehood is a comprehensive category combined with many-sided contents including Material needs, social needs and spiritual life needs and environmental needs including material needs, social needs, spiritual needs and ecological needs. Needs of the peoples' livehood is a need with directional trend, and it registers as the different levels from low to high, which can be divided into three basic levels: survival needs, enjoy needs and development needs.

people's livehood; need; content; level

Low-carbonTechnologicalParadigmandConstructionofEco-civilization

ZHAO Jian-jun, HAO Dong

(Department of Philosophy, The Party School of The CPC Committee, Beijing 100091, China)

Abstract: With the development of the industrial civilization in the 20th century, human has the science and technology to create the great productive power and social fortune. Therefore, science and technology has become the basic content and key lever for the development of human civilization. At the same time, due to the effects of the technological alienation, the environment pollution, the resource crisis, the breakdown of biologic variety have appeared and become more and more serious. Facing the severe environment problem gradually，the human begin to review the relationships between human, nature and society want to find a good way by constructing the eco-civilization. The basement of the eco-civilization is the innovation of technology. The core of innovation of technology is the low-carbon technological paradigm. Starting from the combination of logic and history, this paper makes a deep analysis on the connotation and character of modern technological paradigm, discusses existing problems and dilemma of modern technology, analyses thoroughly and reveals deeply counter-ecology of modern technology and four kinds of drawbacks. This paper also makes a further study on how the Chinese government deals with the challenge and opportunity of the low-carbon technology paradigm.

Keywords: technological paradigm; eco-civilization; low-carbon

Heidegger-Marxism:ElementofMetaconfucianism

Franz Filser

(Department of Sociology, Freiburg Normal University, Freiburg, German)Transl. by YUAN Hui Revised by FANG Xiang-hong

Abstract: The human history since modern times is a history of human alienation. The technological progress since modern times is a process of self-forgetfulness of Being. Heidegger and Marx point out that this is an unavoidable process and it is the price, which must be paid for the human advance. But from the perspective of the "Metaconfucianism", which is constituted from Confucianism, Daoism and Buddhism, we can demonstrate that capitalism and imperialism and the disaster aroused from them have not an aureole of necessity. From another perspective we can see that Marxism, which is liberated from the dogmatism, and Heidegger's thoughts on Being can undertake the mission of the critique of the contemporary society and the constitution of the futuristic society together with "Metaconfucianism" and therefore become a key element of the latter.

Keywords: Heidegger; Marx; Metaconfucianism

OntheRelationshipbetweenFreud'sCharacterUnconsciousandHisAcademicIdea

YU Guan-sheng

(School of History, Culture and Tourism, Huaiyin Normal University, Hai'an, Jiangsu 223001, China)

Abstract: Freud has a hysterical character, represented by being easily susceptible to suggestions, self-centered orientation, extreme emotional fits and indulging himself in fanciful thinking. This personality predetermines his peculiar behavior and thinking without his consciousness. The following factors, the author of this paper thinks, contribute to his hysterical suggestions. First, the Jewish interpretation of his birth with part of his human afterbirth still on injects the conception of Great Man; secondly, the custom of Back-to-Root after death and popular anticipation of death injects conception of death; thirdly, Oedipus Complex, his special way of making friends "Friend or Enemy" and his arbitrariness clear shows his hysterical self-centered orientation and extreme emotional fits. Thus his theory of personality structure is an obvious manifestation of his hysterical fantasies.

Keywords: Freud; hysterical character; unconscious

ToPracticeClassificationAdministrationofPublicServantforControllingAdministrativeExpenditure

ZHANG Ya

(School of Politics and Public Administration, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223001, China)

Abstract: The speedy increase in administrative expenditure brings about many problems. The crux to bring about much administrative expenditure is the expansion of administrative agencies and personnel. We ought to draw from the West's experience, to divide public officials into government administration officials and general affairs officials, to make sure differentiation of way of come into being, rules and regulations, and mobile channel of administration personnel, to have control of arrangements for personnel of making post younger, to have control of organization and personnel.

Keyword: Public servant classification; leading and policy making; general affairs administration; item administration

DispellingthePredicamentofPersonnelSystemReformofChina'sPublicServiceUnits：ViewoverSWOTAnalysis

LIU Xiao-su

(School of Politics and Public Administration, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223001, China)

Abstract: The personnel system reform in the public institution has lagged behind the overall process of system innovation of the public sector. SWOT analysis provides a new perspective for analysis of the personnel system reform dilemma of the public institution. On the basis of systematically analyzing the restricted conditions of organizational system innovation, the paper designed a strategy about the personnel system reform in the public institution, and thus established the path of reform implementation: to increase the supply of the government and to lead into the human resources management system mode.

Keywords: The personnel system of China's public service units; strategy; SWOT matrix; institutional supplying; human resource management

TheTransformationofFBI'sFunctionRoundabouttheSecondWorldWar

CHEN Jian-ping

(Department of Humanities, Fujian Institute of Education, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China)

Abstract: During the Second World War, the Federal Bureau of Investigation had expanded its function greatly. It was responsible for foreign intelligence work in the Western Hemisphere. FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover suggested that the Federal Bureau of Investigation should be in Charge of foreign intelligence work in the whole world after the Second World War. However, President Truman refused his suggestion.

Keywords: the Second World War; the Federal Bureau of Investigation; Harry S Truman; Transformation

ArtisEmotionalExpression

—OnCollingwood'sExpressismAesthetic

因為MapReduce主要應用于推進大數(shù)據(jù)進行線下批處理，在面對一些問題時會存在較強的不適應，諸如在面向低延遲以及具有相對復雜數(shù)據(jù)關系、相對復雜運算的大數(shù)據(jù)問題時就會存在這樣的狀況。所以，近年來對大數(shù)據(jù)的計算模式進行深入的研究，推出了很多該領域新的研究成果。

HU Jian

(School of Literature, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China)

Abstract: Collingwood develops Croce's expressism theory and defines the conception of art expression with emotion, deform and expression. And what cannot be said is thought as the expression. Besides, Collingwood pays attention on the relation of expression and language. Collingwood's thought has an important influence on the Formism. Both Collingwood's and Croce's expressism theory embody the beginning and strong impulse form the art theory in the 20th century which opposes the tradition.

Keywords: expression; transform; embody

TheArtisticStyleofZhangKejiu'sSanqu

CHENG Shuang-rong

(School of Art, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China)

Abstract: Zhang Kejiu's Sanqu embodied the unity of fresh and gorgeous, luxury and dull. Therefore, his works were appreciated by the Sanqu field in the later period of Yuan Dynasty, and his artistic style became the fashion and main stream of Sanqu Poems' writing at that time. Through his works, we can get a glimpse of the officials' aesthetic psychology in the later period of Yuan Dynasty.

KeyWords: Zhang Kejiu; Sanqu; aesthetic psychology.

ThePhilosophicalWisdomofWangGuowei's"Self-realm"and"SelflessRealm"

JIANG Chun

(School of Liberal Arts, Huaiyin Normal University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, China)

Abstract: During the creation of "self-realm" and "selfless realm", Wang Guowei digested the philosophy of "describing in terms of objects" and "meso". He transcended the "things and individual" and "situation and things" of traditional aesthetics through a kind of philosophical wisdom. He thought that the philosophical emmanuel would be used to divide the "self-realm" and "selfless realm". Therefore, "self-realm" and "selfless realm" must belong to an aesthetic category filled with philosophical wisdom.

Keywords: Wang Guowei; self-realm; selfless realm; describing in terms of objects; meso

AnalysisonHumanitarianEnlightenmentDiscourseattheBeginningofANewPeriodofLiteraryCriticism

ZHAO Li-bo

(College of Literary Arts, Henan Normal University, XinXiang, Henan 453007, China)

Abstract: At the beginning of a new period of literary criticism, humanitarian's appeals was the mockery of the "cultural revolution" and the whole of extreme "left" thought of the people. Its purpose was to "look human as human", and called the modern new image of " individual ", "subjectivity", thus formed the strong literary the discourse pattern of the 1980s. Due to special reasons, the humanitarian of the 1980s in the literary criticism was not classified as a knowledge, but as a kind of belief, and constituted a humanitarian crisis in a certain extent.

KeyWords: humanitarian, literary criticism, new enlightenment