林顏 阮樹斌 陳曉東 楊榮華 王婧薷 林澤鵬 信琪
[摘要]目的:探討環(huán)狀RNA(circular RNA, circRNA)hsa_circ_0013958對人瘢痕疙瘩成纖維細胞(Human keloid fibroblast, HKF)增殖、遷移、侵襲的影響及分子機制。方法:將人瘢痕疙瘩成纖維細胞分為si-NC組、si-hsa_circ_0013958組、miR-NC組、miR-637組、si-hsa_circ_0013958+anti-miR-NC組和si-hsa_circ_0013958+anti-miR-637組。實時熒光定量PCR(Real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, RT-qPCR)試劑盒檢測hsa_circ_0013958、miR-637表達;四甲基偶氮唑鹽(Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium, MTT)比色法檢測細胞存活率;平板克隆實驗檢測細胞集落形成數(shù);Transwell檢測細胞遷移和侵襲能力;雙熒光素酶報告實驗檢測hsa_circ_0013958和miR-637的靶向關系。結果:瘢痕疙瘩組織中hsa_circ_0013958表達水平較正常皮膚組織升高,miR-637表達水平降低(P<0.05)。干擾hsa_circ_0013958表達或過表達miR-637后,HKF細胞存活率、集落形成數(shù)以及遷移、侵襲細胞數(shù)均降低(P<0.05)。hsa_circ_0013958和miR-637有靶向調控關系;抑制miR-637表達逆轉了干擾hsa_circ_0013958對HKF增殖、遷移侵襲的影響。結論:干擾hsa_circ_0013958通過調控miR-637抑制人瘢痕疙瘩成纖維細胞的增殖、遷移和侵襲。
[關鍵詞]hsa_circ_0013958;miR-637;瘢痕疙瘩;成纖維細胞;增殖;遷移;侵襲
[中圖分類號]R619+.6? ? [文獻標志碼]A? ? [文章編號]1008-6455(2024)04-0054-05
Effect of Interference hsa_circ_0013958/miR-637 on the Proliferation, Migration and Invasion of Human Keloid Fibroblasts
LIN Yan, RUAN Shubin, CHEN Xiaodong, YANG Ronghua, WANG Jingru, LIN Zepeng, XIN Qi
(Department? of Burn Plastic Wound Repair Surgery, the First People's Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, Guangdong, China)
Abstract: Objective? To explore the effect of circular RNA (circRNA) hsa_circ_0013958 on the proliferation, migration and invasion of human keloid fibroblasts and its molecular mechanism. Methods? Human keloid fibroblasts HKF were divided into si-NC group, si-hsa_circ_0013958 group, miR-NC group, miR-637 group, si-hsa_circ_0013958+anti-miR-NC group, si-hsa_circ_0013958+anti-miR-637 group. Expression levels of hsa_circ_0013958 and miR-637 were detected by Real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Cell viability was assayed by Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method, cell colony formation was detected by plate cloning test, cell migration and invasion ability was detected by transwell method, the targeting relationship between hsa_circ_0013958 and miR-637 was detected by dual luciferase reporter experiment. Results? Compared with normal skin tissues, the expression level of hsa_circ_0013958 were elevated in keloid tissue, and the expression of miR-637 was decreased (P<0.05). After interference with hsa_circ_0013958 expression or overexpression of miR-637, the survival rate, colony forming number, migration and invasion of HKF cells were decreased (P<0.05). Hsa_circ_0013958 has a targeted regulatory relationship with miR-637, inhibition of miR-637 expression reversed the effect of interference with hsa_circ_0013958 on the proliferation, migration and invasion of HKF. Conclusion? Interference with hsa_circ_0013958 may inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of human keloid fibroblasts by regulating miR-637.
Key words: hsa_circ_0013958; miR-637; keloids; fibroblasts; proliferation; migration; invasion
瘢痕疙瘩是指皮膚創(chuàng)傷后結締組織過度增生和透明性變而形成的瘢痕過度增生性皮膚良性腫瘤,其主要由成纖維細胞所致的膠原過量合成和沉積所產生;其向周圍組織侵襲和移行的特性類似于惡性腫瘤的生長模式,因此抑制成纖維細胞的增殖及侵襲是預防瘢痕的有效方法[1-2]。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)circRNA在瘢痕疙瘩發(fā)病機理中扮演關鍵角色,可作為瘢痕疙瘩的生物標記,研究circRNA可為增生性瘢痕的治療提供新的思路和方向[3]。研究報道肺腺癌、卵巢癌細胞、組織中hsa_circ_0013958高表達;且其促進了肺腺癌、卵巢癌細胞增殖和侵襲[4-5]。有研究發(fā)現(xiàn),circ_0013958在卵巢癌患者體內高表達,與患者臨床分期、淋巴結轉移有密切關系;下調hsa_circ_0013958表達可有效抑制卵巢癌細胞的增殖、遷移和侵襲[6]。然而hsa_circ_0013958在瘢痕疙瘩中作用及其對成纖維細胞的增殖、遷移侵襲的影響也尚不清楚。微小RNA(microRNA, miRNA)在調節(jié)瘢痕疙瘩細胞的增殖和轉移中發(fā)揮關鍵作用[7]。研究報道m(xù)iR-637的上調通過靶向調控Smad3抑制瘢痕疙瘩成纖維細胞增殖和轉移[8]。miR-637通過調控AKT絲氨酸/蘇氨酸激酶1(AKT serine/threonine kinase 1, AKT1)抑制肝癌細胞的增殖和侵襲[9]。因此,本實驗旨在研究hsa_circ_0013958對人瘢痕疙瘩成纖維細胞增殖、遷移和侵襲的影響及其與miR-637的關系。
1? 材料和方法
1.1 組織標本來源:選取2016年1月-2020年1月筆者醫(yī)院收治的33例瘢痕疙瘩患者的瘢痕疙瘩組織,以同一患者手術取皮修剪后的剩余正常皮膚組織作自身對照?;颊邔Ρ狙芯績热葜橥猓覍嶒灧桨附浌P者醫(yī)院倫理審查委員會批準,批準號為20151224L3。
1.2 主要試劑、材料:人瘢痕疙瘩成纖維細胞(HKF)(上海彩佑實業(yè)有限公司);Dulbecco改良Eagle培養(yǎng)基(Dulbecco's minimum essential medium, DMEM)(北京杰輝博高生物技術有限公司);Trizol試劑(日本Takara公司);RT-qPCR試劑盒(上海滬崢生物科技有限公司);MTT試劑盒(北京索萊寶科技有限公司);聚碳酸酯膜細胞培養(yǎng)(Transwell)小室(美國BD公司);蛋白提取試劑盒(上??评噭┯邢薰荆?;雙熒光素酶報告基因檢測試劑盒(北京百奧萊博科技有限公司)。靶向hsa_circ_0013958的小干擾RNA(siRNA,si-hsa_circ_0013958,正義5'-CCGAAACCAUAUUCUCCUUTT-3'和反義5'-AAGGAGAAUAUGGUUUCGGTT-3')及siRNA陰性對照(si-NC,正義5'-UUCUUCGAACGUGUCACGUTT-3'和反義5'-ACGUGACACGUUCGGAGAATT-3')購自上海GenePharma公司。miR-637模擬物(mimic,有義,5'-ACUGGGGGCUUUCGGGCUCUGCGU-3,反義,5'-GCAGAGCCCGAAAGCCCCCAGUUUUU-3')及其陰性對照(miR-NC,有義,5'-UUCUCCGAACGUGUCACGUTT-3',反義,5'-ACGUGA CACGUUCGGAGAATT-3'),miR-637抑制劑(anti-miR-637,5'-ACGCAGAGCCCGAAAGCCCCCCAGU-3')及其陰性對照anti-miR-NC(5'-CAGUACUUUUGUGUAGUCAA-3')購自廣州RiboBio公司。
1.3 方法
1.3.1 細胞培養(yǎng)、轉染與分組:將人瘢痕疙瘩成纖維細胞HKF培養(yǎng)于含10%胎牛血清的DMEM培養(yǎng)基,待細胞生長至對數(shù)生長期,按5.0×105個/孔接種至96孔板。將上述細胞分為si-NC組(轉染si-NC)、si-hsa_circ_0013958組(轉染si-hsa_circ_0013958)、miR-NC組(轉染miR-NC)、miR-637組(轉染miR-637)、si-hsa_circ_0013958+anti-miR-NC組(共轉染si-hsa_circ_0013958和anti-miR-NC)和si-hsa_circ_0013958+anti-miR-637組(共轉染si-hsa_circ_0013958和anti-miR-637)。
1.3.2 hsa_circ_0013958和miR-637表達水平檢測:分別取瘢痕疙瘩組織、正常皮膚組織及HKF細胞,Trizol法提取總RNA,逆轉錄得到cDNA后,circ_0013958和miR-637分別以3-磷酸甘油醛脫氫酶(Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, GAPDH)和U6為內參進行PCR擴增,反應條件包括95℃ 1 min、95℃ 20 s、58℃ 20 s。用2-△△Ct法計算circ_0013958和miR-637相對表達量。引物序列如下:circ_0013958,正向引物:5'-GAACCCCCAGCTATTAGAGGTCCC-3'和反向引物5'-GGAAAAGCCCAGCCAGCAAAC-3';GAPDH,正向引物:5'-TTCTTTTGCGTCGCCAGCCG-3'和反向引物5'-GGTGACCAGGCGCCCAATAC-3';miR-637,正向引物:5'-ACUGGGGGCUUUCGGGCUCUGCGU-3'和反向引物5'-ACGCAGAGCCCGAAAGCCCCCAGU-3';U6,正向引物:5'-CTCGCTTCGGCAGCACA-3'和反向引物5'-AACGCTTCACGAATTTGCGT-3'。
1.3.3 細胞存活率檢測:分別將各組細胞常規(guī)培養(yǎng)48 h,依照MTT試劑盒說明書操作步驟進行操作,應用多功能酶標儀(490 nm)檢測各組細胞吸光度(Optical density, OD)值并計算細胞存活率。細胞存活率(%)=實驗組OD值/對照組OD值×100%。
1.3.4 細胞集落形成數(shù)檢測:取各組細胞分別接種至6孔板中正常培養(yǎng)約2周,磷酸緩沖鹽液充分清洗細胞后,加入甲醇固定2~3 min,加入吉姆薩染液染色30 min,顯微鏡下統(tǒng)計各組細胞集落形成數(shù)(>50個細胞)。
1.3.5 細胞遷移和侵襲能力檢測:收集各組細胞,離心后通過無血清DMEM培養(yǎng)基重懸細胞,將細胞按5.0×105個/孔接種至Transwell小室上室,下室加入含10%胎牛血清的DMEM培養(yǎng)基。常規(guī)培養(yǎng)24 h后,加入多聚甲醛固定過膜細胞,結晶紫染色,光學顯微鏡下觀察并計數(shù)遷移細胞數(shù)。侵襲實驗需在用Matrigel包被Transwell上室室膜,其余步驟同遷移實驗。
1.3.6 蛋白表達檢測:收集各組細胞加入細胞裂解液,通過蛋白提取試劑盒提取總蛋白,二喹啉甲酸(Bicinchoninic acid, BCA)法測定蛋白濃度。十二烷基硫酸鈉-聚丙烯酰胺凝膠電泳(Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, SDS-PAGE)分離等量的蛋白樣品,將蛋白轉膜并封閉后,加入上皮黏附蛋白(E-cadherin)、神經性鈣黏蛋白(N-cadherin)、GAPDH一抗4℃孵育過夜,次日加入經辣根過氧化物酶標記的二抗室溫條件下孵育2 h,顯影曝光,采用凝膠分析軟件分析各蛋白條帶相對灰度值。
1.3.7 hsa_circ_0013958和miR-637的靶向關系檢測:Circular RNA Interactome數(shù)據(jù)庫預測顯示hsa_circ_0013958與miR-637存在的相互作用的核苷酸位點。構建雙熒光素酶報告載體wt-hsa_circ_0013958(野生型)和mut-hsa_circ_0013958(突變型),將其與miR-NC或miR-637共轉染至HKF中,按照試劑盒說明書操作步驟檢測miR-NC和miR-637細胞中hsa_circ_0013958熒光素酶活性。
1.4 統(tǒng)計學分析:采用SPSS 20.0軟件進行統(tǒng)計學檢驗,符合正態(tài)分布的計量資料以均數(shù)標準差(x?±s)表示,組間比較采用t檢驗,P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計學意義。
2? 結果
2.1 hsa_circ_0013958和miR-637在瘢痕疙瘩中的表達:與正常皮膚組織相比,瘢痕疙瘩組織中hsa_circ_0013958表達水平升高,miR-637表達水平降低(P<0.05)。見表1。
2.2 干擾hsa_circ_0013958對HKF增殖遷移侵襲的影響:與轉染si-NC相比,轉染si-hsa_circ_0013958后提高了miR-637表達水平,降低了HKF細胞存活率,減少了細胞的集落形成數(shù)和遷移、侵襲數(shù),提高了E-cadherin表達水平,降低了N-cadherin表達水平(P<0.05)。見圖1~2、表2~3。
2.3 hsa_circ_0013958和miR-637的靶向關系:Circular RNA Interactome數(shù)據(jù)庫預測顯示miR-637中存在hsa_circ_0013958的結合位點(見圖3)。與miR-NC相比,miR-637和wt-hsa_circ_0013958共轉染的細胞熒光素酶活性降低(P<0.05),而miR-637和mut-hsa_circ_0013958共轉染的細胞熒光素酶活性無明顯變化(P>0.05)。見表4。
2.4 miR-637對HKF增殖、遷移、侵襲的影響:與miR-NC組相比,miR-637組細胞存活率降低,集落形成數(shù)、遷移和侵襲細胞數(shù)以及N-cadherin蛋白水平均降低,miR-637表達水平和E-cadherin蛋白水平均升高(P<0.05)。見圖4~5、表5。
2.5 抑制miR-637對HKF增殖遷移侵襲的影響:與si-hsa_circ_0013958+anti-miR-NC組相比,si-hsa_circ_0013958+anti-miR-637組細胞存活率升高,集落形成數(shù)、遷移和侵襲細胞數(shù)以及N-cadherin蛋白水平均升高,miR-637表達水平和E-cadherin蛋白水平降低(P<0.05)。表明抑制miR-637可逆轉干擾hsa_circ_0013958對HKF增殖遷移侵襲的影響。見圖6~7、表6。
3? 討論
瘢痕疙瘩是皮膚損傷后引起的以成纖維細胞過度增生和細胞外基質異常積聚為特征的良性皮膚腫瘤,目前治療瘢痕疙瘩的主要藥物有三類,分別為細胞外基質靶向藥物,細胞靶向藥物和生化微環(huán)境靶向藥物[10-11]。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)circRNA可能與瘢痕疙瘩的發(fā)生有關,并且可以作為新型的診斷和治療靶標[12-13]。研究報道敲低circ_101238通過miR-138-5p/周期性依賴性激酶6(Cyclin-dependent kinase 6, CDK6)軸可抑制瘢痕疙瘩成纖維細胞增殖,促進細胞凋亡[14]。CircRNA TADA2A通過抑制成纖維細胞的增殖和活化來緩解特發(fā)性肺纖維化[15]。Circ_LAS1L通過miR-125b/分泌型卷曲相關蛋白5(Secreted frizzled related protein 5, SFRP5)途徑調節(jié)心臟成纖維細胞的活化,生長和遷移[16]。本實驗結果顯示,circ_0013958在瘢痕疙瘩患者瘢痕疙瘩組織中表達水平升高,提示circ_0013958的表達可能與瘢痕疙瘩的發(fā)生發(fā)展有關。本實驗進一步干擾circ_0013958表達后,瘢痕疙瘩成纖維細胞的存活率、集落形成數(shù)、遷移、侵襲細胞數(shù)及N-cadherin表達水平均降低,E-cadherin表達水平升高,提示干擾circ_0013958表達可抑制人瘢痕疙瘩成纖維細胞的增殖、遷移和侵襲。
有研究顯示,miR-637的過表達可降低膽管癌/膠質母細胞瘤細胞的增殖和遷移能力[17-18]。HOXA末端轉錄本反義RNA(HOXA transcript at the distal tip, HOTTIP)通過上調miR-637來抑制Akt1表達并抑制甲狀腺乳頭狀癌細胞的增殖,侵襲和遷移[19]。沉默circ_0051240通過上調miR-637抑制卵巢癌細胞的增殖,遷移和侵襲[20]。以上研究表明miR-637是細胞惡性增殖、遷移和侵襲的抑制劑。在本實驗中,與正常皮膚組織相比,miR-637在瘢痕疙瘩患者的瘢痕疙瘩組織中的表達水平顯著降低,這與以往的研究[7]一致;功能實驗結果顯示,上調miR-637表達可降低瘢痕疙瘩成纖維細胞的存活率,減少集落形成數(shù)及遷移、侵襲細胞數(shù);說明過表達miR-637可抑制瘢痕疙瘩成纖維細胞的增殖、遷移和侵襲。此外,本實驗發(fā)現(xiàn),circ_0013958和miR-637的存在靶向調控關系;而下調miR-637表達逆轉了干擾hsa_circ_0013958表達對瘢痕疙瘩成纖維細胞HKF增殖、遷移和侵襲的影響。
綜上所述,干擾hsa_circ_0013958通過靶向調控miR-637抑制人瘢痕疙瘩成纖維細胞的增殖、遷移和侵襲。為瘢痕疙瘩的發(fā)病機制研究提供理論依據(jù),且為臨床探尋瘢痕疙瘩的治療靶點研究提供先期實驗工作。
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[收稿日期]2022-12-05
本文引用格式:林顏,阮樹斌,陳曉東,等.干擾hsa_circ_0013958/miR-637對人瘢痕疙瘩成纖維細胞增殖、遷移和侵襲的影響[J].中國美容醫(yī)學,2024,33(4):54-58.