Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas

基礎訓練

根據(jù)首字母或漢語提示，用本部分所學單詞的正確形式填空。 單詞拼寫

1.Relax as much as possible and keep breathing s.

2.Her hair started falling out as a result of r treatment.

3.Today， I want to serve as a w manager because I care about the eco-system.

4.The tower was once a l for ships sailing up the river.

5.A change of s might do you the power of good.

6.You can relax yourself in your （空閑） time.

7.China has （壯麗的） culture with a long history.

8.The eye is one of the most （脆弱的） parts of the body.

9.When he got bored， he （徘徊） around the woods.

10.Moonlight shines on the dark （如鏡面般的） surface of a mysterious lake.

用方框中所給短語的適當形式填空。 選擇填空

overcome the challenges of among the top concerns catch one’s eye

at one’s leisure bring... to life

1.These old men and women usually go to dance .

2.If we keep that spirit alive， then I know that we will our time.

3.The moment a tourist enters the forest， one amazing view after another will .

4.His aim， in which he succeeds proudly， is to the culture of the time

.

5.As we know， these issues are now in every region of the world.

課文語法填空

It took years to complete the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. The construction workers ? （overcome） the most difficult engineering challenges， one of which was how to protect the delicate ecosystem. To allow the wild animals （move） safely and freely in their （nature） habitat they built thirty-three passages under the railway. To prevent damage to wetlands and grasslands， 675 bridges with a total length of about 160 kilometres （build） between Golmud and Lhasa. They even moved 140，000 square metres of wetland to new area in order to protect its distinct ecosystem. Located at over 5，000 metres above sea level， Tanggula Station （be） the highest railway station in the world. In （locate） such as this the thin air changeable weather high levels of UV radiation presented perhaps the greatest challenge for railway workers. To make sure they stayed healthy several oxygen-making stations were constructed. To protect Cuona Lake construction waste the railway workers used thousands and thousands of sandbags to build a twenty-kilometre wall along the lake. In a word the railway workers built our “impossible” railway with the care that the environment deserves. It is （true） an extraordinary “Sky Railway”.

1. ? 2. ? 3. ? 4. ? 5.

6. ? 7. ? 8. ? 9. ? 10.

能力提升

閱讀理解

Building a five-star hotel in the middle of a valuable wilderness （荒野） without damaging the environment might not be easy， but it is far from impossible. The King Pacific Lodge in British Columbia’s Great Bear Rainforest shows that if enough care and attention is taken， the task is possible.

Unlike many other hotel building plans， no trees were cut down and no land was wasted to build it. The Lodge does not have the same location but sits on a floating boat pulled into the sea bay in May， till September. Those wishing to stay in one of its seventeen rooms must enter it by boat or seaplane. Each guest staying at the Lodge is charged 3% tax （稅） on the protection of the natural resources， but is given the chance to see whales and bears. And since these are the main attractions of the area and the Lodge， the management knows well that in order to stay in business they must make the area untouched.

In 2000， the Lodge management signed an agreement with the native people. Together they work for the benefit of the area. The Lodge knows that the native tribe （部落） is the owners of the land， so it pays the tribe for the use of their land and even supports the native youth and employs the tribe’s people， who， in turn， teach the newcomers about the local culture.

The King Pacific Lodge is one of a growing number of tourism companies that manage to minimize their environmental damage to win the approval （批準） of the local government where they set up their business. These companies pay more attention to environmental protection and are careful to use natural resources and protect endangered animals. Realizing how destructive tourism can be， they want to avoid the love-it-to-death effect of tourism.

1. What can we learn about the King Pacific Lodge from the text？

A. It is less popular among tourists. B. It follows other hotels’ building plans.

C. It is far away from an important wilderness. D. It has been created after careful consideration.

2. What can we infer about the Lodge？

A. It is in an area without any trees. B. It can be moved from place to place.

C. It only has one entrance there. D. It has a program about the protection of animals.

3. What can we learn about some of the native people from Paragraph 3？

A. They are not willing to sell their land. B. They are employed by local government.

C. They want to learn the newcomers’ culture. D. They may have the chance to work at the Lodge.

4. What do tourism companies do according to the last paragraph？

A. They hardly use natural resources.

B. They can do less damage to the environment.

C. They care little about protection of environment.

D. They have a disagreement with the local government.

閱讀七選五

Each summer， Craig Stihler and Jack Wallace， scientists for the state of West Virginia hike to the Peacock Cave to count Virginia big-eared bats （蝙蝠）. Why do they do so？

I was there to learn about the bats for my book. After we arrived at the small entrance to the Peacock Cave， Craig and Jack unpacked their equipment. Craig said， “ Hibernating （冬眠） bats may be awakened and fly around and burn up the fat they’ve stored in their bodies. Without that food supply， they might not live until spring when they can eat insects again. And bat mothers may drop their babies.”

As night fell， they set up a night-vision scope （觀察儀器）. They also set up a radio-like bat detector outside the cave. It picks up bat sounds that our ears can’t hear. For the next two hours， Craig counted the bats by speaking into a handheld voice recorder each time five bats flew out of the cave. By the time the last bat left the cave at about 10：30 pm， Craig and Jack had counted 1，242 bats！ Craig explained that when the first count was taken at the Peacock Cave in 1983， there were only 160 Virginia big-eared bats. Projects to help protect bats have helped the bats make a remarkable comeback. Today the total number of Virginia big-eared bats there is more than 25，000.

They will continue to need humans’ help if they are going to survive into the future.

A. Big-eared bats are medium-sized.

B. It allows them to see the bats in darkness.

C. Bats are important because they eat insects.

D. They want to catch some bats for their research.

E. Bats can suffer from problems if influenced by people.

F. That was the most Craig and Jack had ever counted there.

G. They want to see if the number of bats is going up or down.

1. ? 2. ? 3. ? 4. ? 5.

Section Ⅱ Using language

基礎訓練

在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 單句語法填空

1.A good manager should be （economy） in the use of his funds.

2. （conservation） are fighting to save our local animals.

3.However， I soon discover that much has changed since the days of （disturb） reports of camps among tons of rubbish.

4.She managed to pull this small blue dress.

5.Here he is！ We （wait） anxiously for him since last night.

6.You know， I （look） for a job for three months， and this is my first formal interview.

7.The CCTV （broadcast） English programmes ever since 1977.

8.He makes a motion with his hand as though to bat this strange idea.

9.Tom （phone） Alice every night for several months.

10.You should tell your parents that you’re fine. Otherwise， they would be concerned you.

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)上下文語境，結(jié)合單元所學語法知識完成短文。 單元語法填空

Since the sex of a sea turtle （海龜） （determine） by the heat of sand hatching the eggs， scientists suspect they might see slightly more females. Climate change， after all， （drive） sea temperatures higher， which， in these creatures， （favor） female children.

Biologist Michael Jensen wanted to know if climate change （change） turtles’ sexes. By using genetic （基因的） tests， he （figure） out that he could follow turtles of all ages. Still， his research data would lack an important detail： sex. Only after a turtle matures is it possible （tell） its sex from the outside—mature males have slightly longer tails. By then turtles can be decades old， so scientists often use laparoscopy （腹腔鏡檢查）， （send） a thin tube into each animal， but that’s not so practical if you’re hoping to examine hundreds of creatures.

They compared their results with temperature data for nesting beaches. What worries them is that Raine Island （produce） almost female turtles for at least 20 years. More than 200，000 turtles come to nest there. During high season， 18，000 turtles may settle in at once. “But what （happen） in 20 years when there are no more males coming up as adults？” says Allen. All the findings point to the fact that climate change （change） many aspects of wildlife biology.

1. ? 2. ? 3. ? 4. ? 5.

6. ? 7. ? 8. ? 9. ? 10.

能力提升

完形填空

Rabbit Island is a tiny and remote island off northern Michigan’s Keweenaw Peninsula. Its

nature is the perfect destination for artists to come and their creativity. New Yorker Rob Gorski the island in 2010， who wanted to protect its natural state. He also saw a（n）

to create a setting where artists could get close to and create their great works.

Gorski set up the Rabbit Island Foundation. His main goal is to host artistic during the summer. At the same time， he also aim at teaching and conservation.

Artists all have the that the island should remain untouched. And they are to a two-week period of reflective engagement in a wilderness unlike anywhere else in the world. They a “l(fā)eave no trace” policy. Small solar panels （電池板） are to generate electricity. And are simple with nothing left in place. “Rabbit Island exists to

the community to focus on the most part of our age—the environment and the human relationship to it. We challenge artists to take and create bold works challenging the assumptions of the landscape created by previous ，” said Gorski.

Most say they have a better understanding and of nature after the experience， which， in turn， gives them many creative inspirations.

1. A. undesired? B. undeveloped C. unnamed? D. unknown

2. A. display? B. judge C. sharpen? D. inspire

3. A. bought? B. destroyed C. ignored? D. captured

4. A. sign? B. possibility C. opportunity D. invitation

5. A. soil? B. people C. life? D. nature

6. A. parties? B. programs C. games? D. shows

7. A. doubting? B. supporting C. recording? D. raising

8. A. hobby? B. topic C. belief? D. plan

9. A. easily? B. quickly C. hardly? D. largely

10. A. invited? B. revealed C. addicted? D. related

11. A. organize? B. make C. follow? D. imagine

12. A. heated B. turned C. put D. used

13. A. pools? B. plants C. buildings? D. trees

14. A. permanent? B. popular C. available? D. heavy

15. A. disturb B. encourage C. surprise? D. train

16. A. different B. basic C. harmful D. boring

17. A. risks? B. chances C. measures? D. notes

18. A. groups? B. races C. fans? D. generations

19. A. experts? B. artists C. children D. workers

20. A. description? B. communication C. appreciation D. recreation

語法填空

The International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development published most comprehensive analysis （分析） up to now of how climate change will affect the glaciers （冰川） of the world three years ago， （warn） that many glaciers will disappear by 2100.

This is a bad （predict） for some 1.9 billion South Asians， use water from the glaciers not only for drinking but also for agriculture and tourism. But the survey also looked at an immediate question： As the glaciers （rapid） melt （融化）， where will all the water， almost the amount （contain） in Lake Huron—go？

The answer is that the Himalaya， for example， long defined by （it） glaciers， is becoming a mountain range defined by lake. In fact， another study found that from 1990 to 2010， more than 900 new glaciers-fed lakes （form） across Asia’s high mountain ranges. Because of those distant locations scientists must rely satellites （衛(wèi)星） to count them， and new （lake） appear to be growing so quickly that it’s difficult for scientific teams to agree on the exact number. It’s all happening much faster than we expected it to even five or ten years ago.

1. ? 2. ? 3. ? 4. ? 5.

6. ? 7. ? 8. ? 9. ? 10.

短文改錯

A few months after return to the US from Germany， I took part in college course in French. Since I had been learned to speak German well in Germany， I thought that it might be interested to begin studying another language. At the first class， the teacher asked us to do a pronunciation exercise， on which he would say one word or two in French， and each student would do their best to copy. When he got me， he kept having me say less words， and I finally asked him what. “I find it great funs. It’s the first time I had heard an American speak French with a German accent，” he explained.

Section Ⅲ Developing ideas

基礎訓練

用所給詞的適當形式填空。 單詞填空

1.People to develop a particular style of learning at an early age and these

affect learning. （preference）

2.Teaching experience is a necessary for this job. So he’s been informed that he doesn’t for the job because of lack of teaching experience. （qualification）

3.There has been a sharp slowdown in growth. And the is the number one problem by far. （economy）

4.People regard professional change as an unpleasant experience that their careers， because lots of changes can be . （disturb）

5.Chances will be given to those who early. （apply）

6.A is a person who around the streets or takes a wander round.? ?（wander）

7.As far as I am ， there are three main about the research project. （concern）

8.It turns out that the guy the machine with amazing speed. So we think he is a good . （operate）

9.The two boys that they didn’t gain to this building. （admit）

10.It’s our to protect wildlife， so we should be for the environment.? （responsible）

根據(jù)括號內(nèi)提示翻譯句子。 單句表達

1. 他就要離開的時候，經(jīng)理要見他。（be about to）

2. 一頭年幼的、失去尾鰭的海豚吸引了她的注意。（catch one’s eye）

3. 據(jù)報道，科學家們最近復蘇了一顆兩千多年前的種子。（bring... to life）

4. 盡管這座房子是30年前建造的，但它看起來很漂亮。（過去分詞作狀語）

5. 他是最有資格成為醫(yī)生的人。（the + 形容詞最高級 + n. + 不定式）

提示寫作

選用所給詞匯或句型造句并組成一段連貫的短文（80詞左右）。

the ability to At the first place apply to contribute ?advertise

I’m looking forward to...? No sooner... than... spare no effort

能力提升

閱讀理解

A

Fikiri Kiponda’s path from an accountant to a marine （海洋的） conservationist was started by a chance encounter. After gaining his dream job， Kiponda decided he wanted more. He wasn’t quite sure what he was looking for until he ran across some turtle hatchlings （海龜孵化）.

He didn’t know it was turtle. Fortunately enough， he got the right person to ask. That person was Nkindi， a staff member at the Watamu Conservation project who later invited him to volunteer on the project. He later left his accounting job and fully devoted himself into the world of sea turtles. Now， he runs and spends his time nursing critically endangered sea turtles back to health.

Sea turtles have been around for nearly 110 million years and are now considered highly endangered. Their preservation rests on activities of conservationists such as Kiponda as these turtles face big threats and signs of their extinction in the next 50 years.

Local fishermen traditionally catch them to supplement their own low catch rates and sell them for their oil. As changes are made to accommodate more hotels for tourists， there is less available beach land for turtle nesting.

Kiponda’s passion has now spread to his community， changing their attitude towards sea life preservation with his “by-catch release programme”.

Through this program， fishermen are now paid for returning turtles accidentally caught in their fishing nets. The healthy ones are tagged （標記） and released into the marine park while he takes care of sick and injured turtles back to health.

Before the launch of pioneering spirit like this， turtles caught by fishermen were used for their meat and their oil extracted （提煉） for its medicinal properties.

“Releasing the turtle back into the ocean is a very good feeling， like， you feel like you’ve done something concrete and I guess everybody would love to do that... so I guess it’s unique work.”

1. What was Fikiri Kiponda’s dream job according to the text？

A. An accountant. B. A conservationist. C. A guide. D. A fisherman.

2. What may be the main threat to the turtles？

A. The rising sea level. B. Being caught by tourists.

C. Over development in the tourism. D. The reduction in their nesting place.

3. What words can best describe Fikiri Kiponda？

A. Energetic but careless. B. Enthusiastic and caring.

C. Honest and considerate. D. Knowledgeable but ungrateful.

4. What can be the best title for the text？

A. A Unique Job of Protecting Sea Turtles B. The Man Saving Endangered Sea Turtles

C. A Pioneer Project Protecting Sea Animals D. The Current Situation Faced by Sea Turtles

B

When she first started learning about the climate change from one of her elders， Fawn Sharp was invited on a helicopter flight over the Olympic Mountains to survey the Mount Anderson glacier （冰川）. But the glacier was gone， melted by the warming climate. Sharp had a deep sense of loss when she discovered the glacier wasn’t there anymore.

Loss is a growing issue for people working and living on the front lines of climate change. And that gave Jennifer Wren Atkinson， a full-time lecturer at the University of Washington Bothell， US， an idea for a class.

This term， she taught students on the Bothell campus about the emotional burdens of environmental studies. She used the experiences of Native American tribes （部落）， scientists and activists， and asked her 24 students to face the reality that there is no easy fix— “this is such an intractable problem that they’re going to be dealing with it for the rest of their lives”.

Student Cody Dillon used to be a climate science skeptic （懷疑論者）. Then he did his own reading and research， and changed his mind.

Dillon wasn’t going into environmental work—he was a computer-science major. Yet， the potential for a worldwide environmental catastrophe （大災難） seemed so real to him five years ago that he quit his job and became a full-time volunteer for an environmental group that worked on restoration projects.

Six months into the work， he decided that Atkinson’s class was just what he was looking for—a place where he could discuss his concerns about a changing climate.

Atkinson said she hoped the class helped her students prepare themselves for the amount of environmental loss that will happen over their lifetimes.

“We are already changing the planet—so many species are going to be lost， displaced or massively impacted，” she said. “The future isn’t going to be what they imagined.”

5. Why did the author mention the case of Fawn Sharp in Paragraph 1？

A. To introduce the beauty of the glacier.

B. To prove Fawn Sharp’s work is important.

C. To lead into the issue caused by climate change.

D. To show scientists’ concern about the glacier.

6. What does the underlined word “intractable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？

A. Simple. B. Difficult. C. Common. D. Interesting.

7. How did Atkinson’s class influence Dillon？

A. It made him doubt climate science.

B. It let him learn computer-science major.

C. It made him work as a part-time volunteer.

D. It encouraged him to pay attention to climate change.

8. What might Atkinson’s students learn from her class？

A. How to conduct environmental research. B. How to explore the differences of species.

C. Preparations for the environmental loss. D. Solutions to the climate change.

完形填空

Today， I saw a video of a teenager giving shoes to one of his classmates. The day before， he had heard the student on the phone with her mother for a new pair of Vans shoes. However， her mother and said she couldn’t afford to buy them. The girl was a bit after hearing that. The boy then to go to Vans that afternoon and buy the girl a new pair of shoes. The next day， in front of the class， that a friend was recording the good act， he the new shoes to the girl.

Let’s start with the part of the situation. The girl got new shoes， and the boy felt like he showed others an act of . But let’s look at some of the results that he may not have ? ?intended. In front of the class， the girl could have been very . What’s worse， it was made clear that her family was ， which might set her apart from her classmates.

Here’s how the situation should have gone. The boy could new shoes for her， but give them to a teacher instead. The teacher could then give them to the girl at the proper time with the

that teachers are trained to have. He should not have put the on the Internet， exposing （暴露） the girl to other people. The same goes for donating to people. Keep these things off the Internet. them some dignity （尊嚴）.

Doing a good thing is supposed to be to someone else. But if you’re doing it to get attention on social ， you’re doing it for the wrong . So keep that in mind next time you to do something nice for someone， ask yourself why you’re really doing it.

1. A. asking B. applying C. waiting D. looking

2. A. left B. noticed C. refused D. changed

3. A. calm B. unhappy C. stressed D. afraid

4. A. agreed B. happened C. had D. decided

5. A. making out B. figuring out C. making sure D. taking care

6. A. threw B. presented C. lent D. provided

7. A. good B. sad C. strange D. wrong

8. A. pride B. bravery C. curiosity D. kindness

9. A. fortunately B. accidentally C. originally? D. suddenly

10. A. disappointed B. embarrassed C. frightened D. surprised

11. A. important B. big C. strong D. poor

12. A. buy B. bring C. make D. post

13. A. greetings B. feelings C. sensitivity D. voices

14. A. process B. video C. picture D. story

15. A. selfish B. careless C. honest D. homeless

16. A. Find B. Prepare C. Save D. Add

17. A. attractive B. helpful C. relaxing D. funny

18. A. service B. circle C. media D. order

19. A. method B. chance C. place D. purpose

20. A. plan B. afford C. fear D. regret

Writing

話題表達指導

話題介紹

話題：招聘廣告。以一種簡潔的方式告知讀者某個職位的工作內(nèi)容、工作地點、招聘要求、職責及權(quán)益等。

建議體裁：應用文。

注意事項：寫招聘廣告要清楚地交代招聘職位的工作內(nèi)容、相關(guān)要求、應聘者的權(quán)益以及招聘方的聯(lián)系方式。見下表：

題例導學

題目

假定你是李華，你校學生會需招聘一名留學生做英語學習顧問。請你用英語寫一則招聘啟事，內(nèi)容包括：

1. 主要職責；

2. 工作要求；

3. 聯(lián)系方式。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)100左右；

2. 可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

參考詞匯：英語學習顧問 English Study Adviser；口語的 oral

思路引導1·要點分析

1. 職責：解答英語學習問題、協(xié)助組織英語活動等；

2. 要求：母語是英語、漢語流利者優(yōu)先等；

3. 聯(lián)系方式：學生會的地址、負責人電話等。

思路引導2·本單元語言知識運用

根據(jù)漢語意思及提示翻譯句子。

1．學生會決定邀請一位留學生來做下學期的英語學習顧問。（動詞不定式作賓語）

2. 職責還包括幫助組織諸如英語歌詠比賽、英語聚會，或者主題講座等活動。（responsibility，include，such as）

3. 漢語流利者優(yōu)先。（be preferred）

4. 顧問每周要工作4小時。（be expected to）

5. 如果你感興趣，請給李華打電話面試。（if條件句）

思路引導3·連句成篇

范例展示

Wanted

The Students’ Union has decided to invite an international student to work as an English Study Adviser next term. The main responsibilities of the adviser include helping students to practice their oral English， answering their questions， as well as helping organize activities such as English singing competitions， English parties， or lectures on interesting topics.

The applicant must be a native speaker of English. Fluency in Chinese is preferred. What’s more， the adviser is expected to work 4 hours per week.

If you are interested， please call Li Hua at 138XXXXXXXX for an interview. Payment for the service will be discussed during the interview.

話題表達

假定你是英語校報的負責人李華，校報擬開設《中國文化》專欄。該專欄現(xiàn)在需要招聘一名編輯，請你發(fā)布一則招聘廣告，內(nèi)容包括：

1. 工作內(nèi)容說明；

2. 應聘者能力要求；

3. 報名地點及申請截止日期。

注意：

1. 詞數(shù)100左右；

2. 可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

參考詞匯：專欄 column

Section Ⅳ Presenting ideas

核心短語與句型回顧

短語

1. do sth? 正要做某事

2. the challenge? 攻克挑戰(zhàn)

3.among the top 最受關(guān)注的問題之一

4. 吸引某人的注意

5. 空閑時

6. sb to do sth 允許某人做某事

7. be in? 位于

8. under 在建造中

9. sb to do sth 某人應該做某事

10. highlight 強調(diào)……的重要性

11. 由……組成

12. be to 是……的宿主

13. 受到威脅

14. 除了……之外

15. in of 支持，贊同

16. bring... 使更有趣，使更生動

17. understand 逐漸理解

18. become/be 知道，發(fā)覺

19. in with 與……協(xié)調(diào)/一致

20. be with 被……圍住

句型

1. “have/has + been+現(xiàn)在分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)

The train （行駛著） along steadily since it left Xining.

2. who 引導定語從句

I was one of the people （從全國各地來修建這條鐵路的）.

3. 動詞不定式作目的狀語

（為了避免破壞濕地和草原），675 bridge with a total length of about 160 kilometres were built between Golmud and Lhasa.

4. before 引導時間狀語從句

The journey has been flying by， and （不知不覺中我們已經(jīng)到達了唐古拉站）.

5. 過去分詞短語作原因狀語

（位于五千多米的海拔上），this is the highest railway station in the world.

6. how much 引導賓語從句

To get this job， the candidates had to make a short video showing （他們對大堡礁的了解程度）.

請根據(jù)提示，運用本單元核心知識就“招聘廣告”的話題，談談你的看法。

提示：需用以下句型。

1. We are looking for...

2. It’s necessary for him/her to...

3. We provide you not only...， but also...