飛揚(yáng) 閆實(shí)

舍農(nóng)索城堡距離巴黎214公里，由主堡、長(zhǎng)廊、平臺(tái)和圓塔串聯(lián)而成，左右兩翼分跨在盧瓦爾河的支流謝爾河兩岸。舍農(nóng)索城堡11世紀(jì)時(shí)初見(jiàn)于歷史記錄，自1535年后屬于法國(guó)王室領(lǐng)地。1913年，因巧克力而聞名的梅尼爾家族買(mǎi)下這座城堡，直到今天，其所有權(quán)仍在梅尼爾家族手中。因?yàn)橄群笥卸辔环▏?guó)王后和貴族婦人在這里居住過(guò)，舍農(nóng)索城堡因此又被稱(chēng)為“婦人堡”。經(jīng)過(guò)一代又一代女主人的打理，這里成為盧瓦爾河谷所有古堡中最精致典雅、最富浪漫氣質(zhì)的一座城堡。

舍農(nóng)索城堡歷任女主人之一露易絲·杜邦夫人，極其聰慧，善于社交，她組織的城堡沙龍聚集了當(dāng)時(shí)最出色的詩(shī)人、科學(xué)家和哲學(xué)家。孟德斯鳩、伏爾泰、盧梭都曾是座上客，這也為舍農(nóng)索城堡增添了濃厚的文化氛圍。與此同時(shí)，杜邦夫人慷慨善良、樂(lè)善好施，與當(dāng)?shù)鼐用裣嗵幍檬秩谇ⅰＫ?，法?guó)大革命期間，民眾并未過(guò)多地為難舍農(nóng)索城堡和杜邦夫人，舍農(nóng)索城堡也得以完好無(wú)損地保存下來(lái)。

舍農(nóng)索城堡內(nèi)保留著當(dāng)年的裝飾、家具、用品和布局，收藏有16至18世紀(jì)的文獻(xiàn)、資料、繪畫(huà)、雕塑等藝術(shù)品，其中不乏弗蘭德掛毯這樣的稀世珍寶，以及法國(guó)雕刻家古戎打造的壁爐等珍品。游走城堡中，好像時(shí)光倒流，仿佛看到法國(guó)王室成員觥籌交錯(cuò)、暢談國(guó)事，貴族女眷身著華服、翩翩起舞的畫(huà)面。

“優(yōu)雅的從容和靈魂的安寧”是舍農(nóng)索城堡的精神特質(zhì)，而這種“精神”最直接的體現(xiàn)莫過(guò)于設(shè)計(jì)精美的花園和隨處可見(jiàn)的鮮花裝點(diǎn)。城堡里有兩座分別以“狄安娜”和“卡特琳”命名的大花園，花園里除了栽植著常見(jiàn)的薰衣草、玫瑰、風(fēng)信子、郁金香等花種，還有著晚香玉、愛(ài)情花等奇異花卉。在花卉的裝飾上，花匠們別出心裁，每個(gè)季節(jié)都會(huì)推出不同的裝飾主題，將各個(gè)角落裝扮得花團(tuán)錦簇，為城堡增添了許多浪漫氣息。

舍農(nóng)索城堡能成為傳奇，不僅僅是因?yàn)樗怀休d了女人的故事，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)年代涌現(xiàn)出的巾幗風(fēng)姿更是令人欽佩。一戰(zhàn)期間，城堡的女主人出資將其改造成戰(zhàn)時(shí)醫(yī)院，各個(gè)廳堂被作為不同科室，用來(lái)救助傷員。二戰(zhàn)期間，城堡女主人不懼危險(xiǎn)，多次救助人員……

如今，戰(zhàn)火早已成為過(guò)往，而這座溫婉雅致的城堡在歲月的洗滌下，依舊靜靜地矗立在謝爾河上，越發(fā)落落大方，散發(fā)出獨(dú)特的魅力。

魏偉

The Loire River， with an overall length of 1，012 kilometers， is the largest and most beautiful river in France. In particular， the middle reaches of the valley are embellished with old castles， collectively known as the Loire Valley Castles. There are about 300 castles， and each castle has its own merits. However， relying on the characteristics of fineness and exquisiteness， Chenonceau is by no means inferior.

Many French kings， queens and noble women successively lived here. Thus， Chenonceau is also known as the “Castle for Women”. Under the management of chatelaines for generations， the castle has become the most exquisite， elegant and romantic castle among all other castles in the Loire Valley.

Mrs. Louise Dupin， one of the chatelaines of Chenonceau， was clever and sociable. The most brilliant poets， scientists and philosophers of that period gathered at her castle salon， which added a strong cultural atmosphere to Chenonceau.

Chenonceau retains its past decoration， articles and layout， and has a collection of documents， materials， paintings， sculptures， furniture and other artworks from the 16th to the 18th century， as well as the fireplace designed by French sculptor Jean Goujon and other treasures. In the castle， there are two big gardens named after “Diana” and “Cathe- rine”. In addition to such common flowers as lavender， roses， hyacinths and tulips， there are some rare flowers like tuberoses and agapanthus in the gardens.

During World War I， the chatelaine of the castle changed it into a wartime hospital， in which， halls were used as different departments to treat the wounded. During World War II， the chatelaine of the castle helped the wounded regardless of the danger... Now， the flames of war have come to an end. This gentle and elegant castle still stands quietly over the River Cher in the baptism of time， appears more and more spectacular， and radiates unique charm.