劉柳丹
摘要:目的:探討舒適性護(hù)理在神經(jīng)內(nèi)科的應(yīng)用效果。方法:本研究涉及的患者132名,均為2019年4月至2020年4月期間住院接受神經(jīng)內(nèi)科治療的患者。病人隨機(jī)分為觀察組和對(duì)照組??刂平M一般采用神經(jīng)內(nèi)科標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化護(hù)士護(hù)理,觀察組給予患者舒適護(hù)理,采用護(hù)理后對(duì)比分析,從護(hù)理滿意度,自我管理能力提升程度兩方面分析。結(jié)果:觀察組和對(duì)照組的總體滿意度分別為95.24%和75.76%。對(duì)照組治療效果優(yōu)于對(duì)照組。觀察組治療后Barthel指數(shù)顯著高于對(duì)照組(p>0.05);住院時(shí)間觀察組顯著低于對(duì)照組(p>0.05),差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。結(jié)論:神經(jīng)內(nèi)科實(shí)施舒適性護(hù)理可有效提高患者滿意度,增強(qiáng)患者自我管理能力,有效縮短住院時(shí)間,值得臨床推廣。
關(guān)鍵字:舒適護(hù)理;神經(jīng)內(nèi)科護(hù)理;效果
Abstract: Objective: To explore the application effect of comfort nursing in neurology department. Methods: 132 patients were involved in this study, all of them were hospitalized for neurology treatment from April 2019 to April 2020. Patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group. The control group was generally given standardized nursing care of neurology department, while the observation group was given comfortable nursing care. After nursing, the comparative analysis was made from two aspects of nursing satisfaction and self-management ability. Results: the overall satisfaction of the observation group and the control group were 95.24% and 75.76%, respectively. The treatment effect of the control group was better than that of the control group. After treatment, the Barthel Index in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P > 0.05), and the length of hospital stay in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P > 0.05). Conclusion: the implementation of comfort nursing in neurology department can effectively improve the satisfaction of patients, enhance the self-management ability of patients, and effectively shorten the hospitalization time, which is worthy of clinical promotion.
Key words: comfortable nursing; Neurology nursing; effect
近年來(lái)神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)疾病發(fā)病率逐年上升,僅僅依靠手術(shù)的效果并不好。病人治療后需要大量的康復(fù)治療,心理壓力大。因此長(zhǎng)期重復(fù)鍛煉令人厭煩,有些患者中途停止鍛煉。對(duì)神經(jīng)內(nèi)科病人進(jìn)行有效的康復(fù)護(hù)理,可以提高病人的勇氣和信心。多項(xiàng)實(shí)踐研究表明,舒適性護(hù)理對(duì)神經(jīng)內(nèi)科病人的康復(fù)是有效的。為不斷探索舒適護(hù)理的應(yīng)用效果,本研究選擇了具體案例進(jìn)行分析,以說(shuō)明舒適護(hù)理的優(yōu)勢(shì)。
1.資料與方法
1.1一般資料
以本院近兩年來(lái)收治的150例腦血管病為研究對(duì)象,隨機(jī)選擇男84例,女66例作為觀察對(duì)象。病人的最大年齡是87歲,最小年齡是36歲?;颊叩牟〕谭秶鸀?-8年。疾病類型包括腦梗死83例,腦出血67例;按照住院時(shí)間的先后將患者分為觀察組和對(duì)照組。每個(gè)小組75人。總體數(shù)據(jù)分析兩組間差異不顯著(P>0.05),能夠進(jìn)行觀察研究。
1.2方法
舒適的房間環(huán)境是病人身心可以得到的鼓勵(lì),病人的病房必須是干凈、安靜、空氣新鮮的,重病病人房間必須是安靜的,病區(qū)必須是獨(dú)立的,必須減少病人之間的感染。使病人感受到舒適優(yōu)美的環(huán)境,增強(qiáng)疾病痊愈的信心。護(hù)士應(yīng)當(dāng)對(duì)患者的身體和各種體位做好清潔護(hù)理,其中包括嚴(yán)格的口腔衛(wèi)生,清潔皮膚等護(hù)理,對(duì)于不便活動(dòng)運(yùn)動(dòng)、很自理的病人及時(shí)更換床褥、清潔身體、放松身體,確保一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題,應(yīng)立即處理,不影響疾病的康復(fù)。此外還要做好飲食的調(diào)節(jié)。病人活動(dòng)少,治療時(shí)間長(zhǎng),應(yīng)調(diào)整病人飲食,一般病人應(yīng)服用易消化,低脂肪的食物。避免食用肉類,動(dòng)物內(nèi)臟,食用蔬菜,水果等纖維類食品,以控制每日食鹽的攝入。做好日常的康復(fù)訓(xùn)練,對(duì)于有肢體功能障礙的病人,要及時(shí)保持好的姿勢(shì),并做好必要的按摩,以免影響其各個(gè)部位的功能。另外,對(duì)于一些嚴(yán)重殘疾的病人,可以定期臥床進(jìn)行康復(fù)訓(xùn)練。以滿足患者需求為榮的心理護(hù)理:醫(yī)務(wù)人員要真正了解患者的心理,滿足患者的自尊。比如,在處理病人隱私的時(shí)候,應(yīng)該采取保護(hù)措施,讓病人感覺(jué)舒服。與此同時(shí),親切的問(wèn)候和禮貌用語(yǔ)可以貼近病人,促進(jìn)有效的溝通。符合病人的安全需要:病房的所有設(shè)施都應(yīng)該是安全的,并且要盡可能滿足病人的安全需要。例如,在床上設(shè)置床頭和圍欄,以確保病人在活動(dòng)中的安全,消除病人的心理障礙,讓病人完全康復(fù),就可以勇敢地進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練。保證社交環(huán)境的舒適。
2.結(jié)果
通過(guò)本次實(shí)驗(yàn)可得,觀察組患者的護(hù)理總滿意度為95.24%,對(duì)照組患者的護(hù)理總滿意度為75.76%,觀察組明顯優(yōu)于對(duì)照組,差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),詳見(jiàn)表1。
3.討論
神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)疾病患者的病情具有特殊性。即便治療成功,也要經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期的康復(fù)過(guò)程。但是,在治療和康復(fù)過(guò)程中,患者應(yīng)保持相對(duì)舒適的身心狀態(tài),以確保療效。常規(guī)護(hù)理模式越來(lái)越難以滿足臨床護(hù)理中病人及家屬的需求。難于發(fā)揮護(hù)理作用,促進(jìn)病人康復(fù)。為此,應(yīng)在傳統(tǒng)護(hù)理的基礎(chǔ)上,根據(jù)患者的需求,發(fā)展舒適護(hù)理服務(wù),改善患者的身心狀態(tài),舒適度也有所提高。舒適性護(hù)理完全符合人文社會(huì)中“以人為本”的理念,也有利于病人的康復(fù),加速疾病康復(fù)。它還符合社會(huì)發(fā)展的需要和社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)。病人的護(hù)理也提出了更高的要求,采用舒適護(hù)理滿足病人及家屬的需求,有利于病人康復(fù),因此這種方法應(yīng)更受歡迎。
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(惠東縣人民醫(yī)院?廣東惠州?516300)