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MTHFR、MTRR基因多態(tài)性與不明原因復(fù)發(fā)性流產(chǎn)研究

2020-09-02 07:08李伏福源志群周運(yùn)花黃玉梅
中外醫(yī)療 2020年16期
關(guān)鍵詞:葉酸復(fù)發(fā)性等位基因

李伏福 源志群 周運(yùn)花 黃玉梅

[摘要] 目的 探討5,10-亞甲基四氫葉酸還原酶(MTHFR)基因C677T位點(diǎn)、A1298C 位點(diǎn)以及甲硫氨酸合成酶還原酶(MTRR )基因A66G 位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性與不明原因復(fù)發(fā)性流產(chǎn)關(guān)系。方法 采用病例對(duì)照研究辦法,方便選取2017年7月— 2019年7月在該院生殖中心就診的原因不明胎停育≥2次的130例患者為病例組,122例在該院產(chǎn)檢孕周大于28周,無并發(fā)癥的孕婦或者生育大于1個(gè)小孩的婦女且未發(fā)生過流產(chǎn)的患者作為對(duì)照組,比較病例組與對(duì)照組基因型,分析不明原因復(fù)發(fā)性流產(chǎn)與 MTHFR 基因 C677T 位點(diǎn)、A1298C 位點(diǎn)和 MTRR 基因 A66G 位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性關(guān)系。結(jié)果 MTHFR基因 C677T 位點(diǎn)中,病例組CC基因頻率為30.77%,對(duì)照組CC基因頻率為57.38%,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=18.115,P<0.05);病例組CT基因頻率為55.38%,對(duì)照組CT基因頻率為37.70%,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=7.900,P<0.05);病例組TT基因頻率為13.85%,對(duì)照組TT基因頻率為4.92%,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=5.821,P<0.05);病例組C等位基因頻率為58.46%,對(duì)照組C等位基因頻率為76.23%,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=32.389,P<0.05);病例組T等位基因頻率為41.54%,對(duì)照組T等位基因頻率為23.77%,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(χ2=32.389,P<0.05)。兩組患者在CC、CT、TT3種基因型、C等位基因、T等位基因的分布差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。MTHFR基因 A1298C位點(diǎn)、MTRR 基因A66G 位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性病例組和對(duì)照組差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。結(jié)論 C677T的TT型是復(fù)發(fā)性流產(chǎn)的高危因素,MTHFR基因多態(tài)性與不明原因復(fù)發(fā)性流產(chǎn)有一定的關(guān)系, MTHFR基因 A1298C位點(diǎn)、MTRR 基因A66G 位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性與不明原因復(fù)發(fā)性流產(chǎn)無明確關(guān)系。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 復(fù)發(fā)性流產(chǎn);不明原因復(fù)發(fā)性流產(chǎn);MTHFR(5,10.亞甲基四氫葉酸還原酶);MTRR(甲硫氨酸合成酶還原酶);多態(tài)性

[中圖分類號(hào)] R4? ? ? ? ? [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號(hào)] 1674-0742(2020)06(a)-0016-04

Correlation between MTHFR and MTRR Gene Polymorphisms and Unexplained Recurrent Abortion

LI Fu-fu, YUAN Zhi-qun, ZHOU Yun-hua, HUANG Yu-mei

Reproductive Center of Meizhou Maternal and Child Health Family Planning Service Center, Meizhou, Guangdong Province, 514021 China

[Abstract] Objective To discuss 5,10-Polymorphisms of C677T, A1298C, and A66G of the methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) gene in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene were associated with unexplained recurrent abortion. Methods A case-case-control study was adopted. 130 patients with unexplained fetal discontinuations of ≥ 2 visits to the reproductive center of our hospital from July 2017 to July 2019 were selected as the case group, and 122 patients with gestational age greater than 28 weeks, uncomplicated pregnant women or women with more than one child who have not had an abortion were used as the control group. Genotypes were compared between the case group and the control group, and the polymorphism of MTHFR gene C677T, A1298C and MTRR gene A66G were analyzed. Results At the C677T locus of the MTHFR gene, the CC gene frequency in the case group was 30.77%, the CC gene frequency in the control group was 57.38%, the difference was statistically significant(χ2=18.115,P<0.05); the CT gene frequency in the case group was 55.38%, and the CT gene frequency in the control group was 37.70%, the difference was statistically significant(χ2=7.900,P<0.05); case group TT gene frequency was 13.85%, control group TT gene frequency was 4.92%, the difference was statistically significant(χ2=5.821,P<0.05); case group C allele frequency was 58.46%, control group C of allele frequency was 76.23%, the difference was statistically significant(χ2=32.389,P<0.05); the T allele frequency in the case group was 41.54%, and the T allele frequency in the control group was 23.77%, the difference was statistically significant(χ2=32.389,P<0.05). The differences in the distribution of CC, CT, and TT genotypes, C alleles, and T alleles between the two groups of patients were statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between MTHFR gene A1298C locus and MTRR gene A66G loci polymorphism case group and control group (P>0.05). Conclusion Unexplained recurrent miscarriage is related to the MTHFR gene C677T polymorphism, and has no clear relationship with the MTHFR gene A1298C locus and MTRR gene A66G polymorphism.

該研究結(jié)果顯示:MTHFR基因 C677T 位點(diǎn)中,病例組CC基因頻率為30.77%,對(duì)照組CC基因頻率為57.38%;病例組CT基因頻率為55.38%,對(duì)照組CT基因頻率為37.70%;病例組TT基因頻率為13.85%,對(duì)照組TT基因頻率為4.92%;病例組C等位基因頻率為58.47%,對(duì)照組C等位基因頻率為76.23%;病例組T等位基因頻率為41.53%,對(duì)照組T等位基因頻率為23.77%。兩組患者在CC、CT、TT 3種基因型、C等位基因、T等位基因的分布差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。MTHFR基因 A1298C位點(diǎn)、MTRR 基因A66G 位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性病例組和對(duì)照組差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。

該次研究中,研究結(jié)果與Grechanina Yu等人[10]研究結(jié)果具有一致性,研究中指出,MTHFR基因 C677T 位點(diǎn)中,病例組CC基因頻率為32.51%,對(duì)照組CC基因頻率為56.39%;病例組CT基因頻率為52.34%,對(duì)照組CT基因頻率為30.34%;病例組TT基因頻率為56.30%,對(duì)照組TT基因頻率為4.39%;病例組C等位基因頻率為56.20%,對(duì)照組C等位基因頻率為80.45%;病例組T等位基因頻率為43.12%,對(duì)照組T等位基因頻率為20.13%。兩組患者在CC、CT、TT3種基因型、C等位基因、T等位基因的分布差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。

該次研究發(fā)現(xiàn)病例組習(xí)慣性流產(chǎn)患者與正常對(duì)照組之間MTHFR C677T位點(diǎn)較對(duì)照組明顯升高,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。MTHFR基因 C677T位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性與復(fù)發(fā)性流產(chǎn)的發(fā)生有關(guān)。MTHFR基因 A1298C位點(diǎn)、MTRR 基因A66G 位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性病例組和對(duì)照組無明顯差異,考慮MTHFR基因 A1298C位點(diǎn)、MTRR 基因A66G 位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性與復(fù)發(fā)性流產(chǎn)無明確關(guān)系。

目前婦女在圍孕期通過增補(bǔ)葉酸的方式可有效避免胎兒NTD的出現(xiàn),但一些研究[11]也認(rèn)為,圍孕期增補(bǔ)葉酸還有可能預(yù)防其他出生缺陷,如先天性心臟病、泌尿系統(tǒng)畸形、肢體短縮畸形、唇腭裂等。目前,我國也推行圍孕期0.4 mg/d葉酸補(bǔ)充的方案。但對(duì)于MTHFR、 MTRR基因突變等復(fù)雜原因?qū)е碌腞SA患者,通過補(bǔ)充葉酸以及葉酸用藥劑量以及用藥周期等是否真正具有預(yù)防血栓效果以及實(shí)際治療方案還不明確[12]。該研究通過對(duì)MTHFR、MTRR 基因多態(tài)性的患者孕前3個(gè)月及妊娠期補(bǔ)充0.8 mg葉酸或者含0.8 mg葉酸的復(fù)合維生素,觀察其再次妊娠后的妊娠結(jié)局情況,其中早期流產(chǎn)率為13.04%,流產(chǎn)率稍降低。補(bǔ)充葉酸能夠使同型半胱氨酸水平明顯降低,從而降低了流產(chǎn)率,但由于該研究對(duì)復(fù)發(fā)性流產(chǎn)患者的年齡以及應(yīng)用其他安胎治療方式等未做全部的統(tǒng)計(jì),不能完全判斷是每天補(bǔ)充0.8 mg葉酸一定能治療MTRR 基因A66G 位點(diǎn)以及MTHFR基因C677T位點(diǎn)、A1298C位點(diǎn)多態(tài)性造成的不明原因復(fù)發(fā)性流產(chǎn),因此需要更多的研究來證明補(bǔ)充葉酸的時(shí)間和補(bǔ)充葉酸的劑量。

[參考文獻(xiàn)]

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[2]? 李春容,徐威力,江曉慶,等.孕早期婦女MTHFR和MTRR基因多態(tài)性分布特征及與Hcy濃度之間的相關(guān)性[J].中國優(yōu)生與遺傳雜志,2018,26(8):21-23,20.

[3]? 李阿莉,牛麗紅,張洋.MTHFR基因多態(tài)性與慶陽地區(qū)女性復(fù)發(fā)性流產(chǎn)相關(guān)性研究[J].國外醫(yī)學(xué):醫(yī)學(xué)地理分冊,2019, 40(1):30-32.

[4]? 李小蘭,林瓊珊,魯衍強(qiáng),等.先兆流產(chǎn)與MTHFR、MTRR基因多態(tài)性的關(guān)系[J].重慶醫(yī)學(xué),2017,46(6):770-772.

[5]? NJ Wald, MR Law, JK Morris. Quantifying the effect of folic acid[J].The Lancet, 2001(358):2069-2073.

[6]? 徐佳佳,梁玲芝,陳賢君,等.MTHFR基因多態(tài)性與先兆流產(chǎn)和復(fù)發(fā)性流產(chǎn)的關(guān)系[J].中國婦幼保健,2019,34(6):1326-1328.

[7]? 王晨曄,丁彩飛.復(fù)發(fā)性自然流產(chǎn)MTHFR基因多態(tài)性與中醫(yī)證型相關(guān)性的臨床研究[J].浙江中醫(yī)雜志,2017,52(9):625-626.

[8]? 楊文方,樊靜,李丹陽,等.亞甲基四氫葉酸還原酶多態(tài)性與早期妊娠丟失風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的關(guān)系研究[J].中國婦幼健康研究,2015, 26(6):1128-1130.

[9]? 謝曉媛,張穎,辛力,等.葉酸代謝酶 MTHFR、MTRR 基因多態(tài)性與原因不明復(fù)發(fā)性流產(chǎn)的關(guān)系[J].天津醫(yī)藥2016, 44(10):1243-1246.

[10]? Grechanina Yu,Bugaeva E,Lisniak S,et al. Successful Rehabilitation of Patient Disabled by the Autistic Spectrum Disorder and the Modififd Epigenetic Status (Polymorphisms Drd2 2137 T/T, Mtrr 66 A/G, Mthfr 677 C/T, Mthfr 1298 A/C)-Case Report[J].Georgian medical news,2019(290):124-127.

[11]? 趙雪杰,李曉娜,孫茗,等.葉酸代謝相關(guān)酶MTHFR、MTRR基因多態(tài)性與不良孕產(chǎn)史的關(guān)系[J].檢驗(yàn)醫(yī)學(xué)與臨床,2019, 16(19):2761-2763.

(收稿日期:2020-03-01)

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