余席茂 曠碧峰 肖昌華 唐鍔 李健生 蔣可
摘 要:為篩選適合衡陽(yáng)地區(qū)秋延設(shè)施栽培的辣椒品種,2018—2019年連續(xù)2 a選用湖南省蔬菜研究所選育的博辣和興蔬系列7個(gè)品種,以衡陽(yáng)市蔬菜研究所篩選的豐源3號(hào)辣椒作對(duì)照,在衡陽(yáng)市蔬菜研究所試驗(yàn)地進(jìn)行了品種比較試驗(yàn)。結(jié)果表明,供試7個(gè)品種的產(chǎn)量均比對(duì)照高,以興蔬215的產(chǎn)量最高,達(dá)4 199 kg/667m2,比對(duì)照高16.96%;其他品種比對(duì)照高4.65%~15.71%。各參試品種的果實(shí)光澤度好,味辣,口感好,抗病抗逆性強(qiáng),均可作為衡陽(yáng)地區(qū)不同市場(chǎng)需求的秋延設(shè)施栽培推廣品種。
關(guān)鍵詞:辣椒;秋延;設(shè)施栽培;品比試驗(yàn)
中圖分類號(hào):S641.3文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A文章編號(hào):1006-060X(2020)05-0007-03
Variety Comparative Test of Pepper for Autumn-Delay Protected Cultivation
YU Xi-mao,KUANG Bi-feng,XIAO Chang-hua,TANG E,LI Jian-sheng,JIANG Ke
(1. Hengyang Vegetable Research Institute, Hengyang 421001, PRC; 2. Academician and Expert Workstation of Hengyang
Vegetable Research Institute, Hengyang 421001, PRC)
Abstract: In order to select pepper varieties suitable for autumn-delay cultivation in Hengyang area, seven varieties of Bola and Xingshu series bred by Hunan Vegetable Research Institute were selected for variety comparison test in two consecutive years from 2018 to 2019. Taking Fengyuan No.3 pepper as control, the variety comparison test was carried out in Hengyang Vegetable Research Institute. The results showed that the yield of 7 varieties tested was higher than that of the control. The yield of Xingshu 215 was the highest, which was 62 985 kg/hm2, 16.96% higher than that of the control; other varieties were 4.65%-15.71% higher than the control. The fruits of the tested varieties have good glossiness, spicy and good taste, and strong resistance to disease and adversity, which can be used as autumn-delay protected cultivation varieties with different market demands in Hengyang area.
Key words: pepper; autumn-delay; protected cultivation; variety comparison test
辣椒是我國(guó)主栽蔬菜品種,衡陽(yáng)地區(qū)以春栽為主,但隨著設(shè)施栽培面積的增加,辣椒秋延栽培面積越來(lái)越大。為了滿足生產(chǎn)和市場(chǎng)需求,衡陽(yáng)市蔬菜研究所院士專家工作站建立后,把引進(jìn)不同類型辣椒品種進(jìn)行秋延設(shè)施栽培作為了一項(xiàng)重要工作內(nèi)容。2018—2019年連續(xù)2 a選用鄒學(xué)校院士辣椒育種團(tuán)隊(duì)提供的7個(gè)品種,以衡陽(yáng)市蔬菜研究所篩選的豐源3號(hào)辣椒作對(duì)照,在衡陽(yáng)市蔬菜研究所試驗(yàn)地進(jìn)行了秋延后設(shè)施栽培品比試驗(yàn),并進(jìn)行了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)鑒定和綜合評(píng)價(jià),可為衡陽(yáng)地區(qū)大面積推廣應(yīng)用秋延后設(shè)施栽培辣椒新品種的選擇提供科學(xué)依據(jù),現(xiàn)將品種比較試驗(yàn)結(jié)果報(bào)告如下。
1 材料與方法
1.1 供試品種
湖南省蔬菜研究所辣椒育種團(tuán)隊(duì)選育的博辣8號(hào)、博辣9號(hào)、興蔬皺皮辣、興蔬208、興蔬早惠、興蔬215、興蔬201,以衡陽(yáng)市蔬菜研究所篩選的豐源3號(hào)作對(duì)照(CK)。
1.2 試驗(yàn)方法
試驗(yàn)在衡陽(yáng)市蔬菜研究所試驗(yàn)地進(jìn)行,采用隨機(jī)區(qū)組排列,設(shè)3次重復(fù)。
采用穴盤基質(zhì)育苗,于7月18日播種。在連棟大棚內(nèi)地膜覆蓋栽培,定植前穴施生物有機(jī)復(fù)合肥120 kg/667m2和復(fù)合肥50 kg/667m2作基肥。每個(gè)連棟大棚內(nèi)做5畦,畦高25 cm,畦寬l.5 m,溝寬30 cm,每畦栽2行。于8月20日定植,小區(qū)面積為12 m2,每小區(qū)定植40株[1-2]。定植后澆透活棵水,生長(zhǎng)期間采用滴灌進(jìn)行追肥,以追施速效復(fù)合肥為主。以后每采收1~2次辣椒施肥1次,并注意及時(shí)防治病蟲(chóng)害。其他栽培管理按常規(guī)方法進(jìn)行[3]。
1.3 觀察記載項(xiàng)目
記載辣椒生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育的各物候期、主要植物學(xué)性狀和產(chǎn)量等。
2 結(jié)果與分析
2.1 生育期比較
從表1可知,興蔬早惠從定植至終收期平均為143 d,屬早熟品種;博辣8號(hào)、興蔬皺皮辣、興蔬201和興蔬208共4個(gè)品種,從定植至終收期平均為146~148 d,屬中早熟品種;博辣9號(hào)、興蔬215和豐源3號(hào)(CK)共3個(gè)品種,從定植至終收期平均為151~153 d,屬中熟品種。