吳慮
[摘要]目的 探討中藥周期療法對(duì)輕、中度宮腔粘連患者中醫(yī)證候及宮腔粘連程度的影響。方法 選取2017年3月~2019年3月我院收治的100例輕、中度宮腔粘連患者作為研究對(duì)象,按照隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法將其分為對(duì)照組(50例)和觀察組(50例)。對(duì)照組患者采用西藥治療,觀察組患者在此基礎(chǔ)上聯(lián)合采用中藥周期療法,兩組均治療3個(gè)月經(jīng)周期。比較兩組患者的臨床療效、治療前后中醫(yī)證候及宮腔粘連程度積分。結(jié)果 觀察組患者的治療總有效率(94.00%)高于對(duì)照組(80.00%),差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。治療后,兩組患者的中醫(yī)證候積分均低于治療前,且觀察組的中醫(yī)證候積分[(12.54±4.23)分]低于對(duì)照組[(23.67±6.95)分],差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。治療后,兩組患者的宮腔粘連程度積分均低于治療前,且觀察組的宮腔粘連程度積分[(1.46±0.62)分]低于對(duì)照組[(2.23±0.93)分],差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)論 對(duì)輕、中度宮腔粘連患者采用中藥周期療法有助于改善患者癥狀,促進(jìn)其宮腔恢復(fù),療效高于西藥治療。
[關(guān)鍵詞]宮腔粘連;中藥周期療法;中醫(yī)證候;宮腔粘連程度
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect of Chinese medicine cycle therapy on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome and degree of intrauterine adhesion in patients with mild and moderate intrauterine adhesion. Methods A total of 100 patients with mild and moderate intrauterine adhesion admitted to our hospital from March 2017 to March 2019 were enrolled in the study. The patients were divided into the control group (50 cases) and the observation group (50 cases) according to the random number table method. Patients in the control group were treated with Western medicine, and patients in the observation group were combined with Chinese medicine cycle therapy on that basis. Both groups were treated for 3 menstrual cycles. The clinical efficacy, TCM syndrome and degree of intrauterine adhesion scores before and after treatment were compared between the two groups of patients. Results The total effective rate of treatment in the observation group (94.00%) was higher than that in the control group (80.00%), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the TCM syndrome scores in the two groups of patients were lower than those before treatment, and the TCM syndrome score in the observation group ([12.54±4.23] points) was lower than that in the control group ([23.67±6.95] points), with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). After treatment, the degree of intrauterine adhesion scores in the two groups of patients were lower than those before treatment, and the degree of intrauterine adhesion score in the observation group ([1.46±0.62] points) was lower than that in the control group ([2.23±0.93] points), with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusion The use of Chinese medicine cycle therapy for patients with mild and moderate intrauterine adhesion can improve the symptoms and promote the uterine cavity recovery of patients. The curative effect is higher than that of Western medicine.
2.2兩組患者治療前后中醫(yī)證候積分的比較
治療前,兩組患者的中醫(yī)證候積分比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05);治療后,兩組患者的中醫(yī)證候積分均低于治療前,且觀察組的中醫(yī)證候積分低于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)(表2)。
2.3兩組患者治療前后宮腔粘連程度積分的比較
治療前,兩組患者的宮腔粘連程度積分比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05);治療后,兩組患者的宮腔粘連程度積分均低于治療前,且觀察組的宮腔粘連程度積分低于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)(表3)。
3討論
現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)對(duì)宮腔粘連的發(fā)病機(jī)制尚未完全明確,目前最為認(rèn)可的有纖維細(xì)胞增生活躍學(xué)說(shuō)及神經(jīng)反射學(xué)說(shuō),纖維細(xì)胞增生活躍學(xué)說(shuō)認(rèn)為子宮內(nèi)膜基底層受損可引起纖維細(xì)胞溶解酶活性降低,導(dǎo)致纖維結(jié)締組織增生形成瘢痕,抑制子宮內(nèi)膜修復(fù);神經(jīng)反射學(xué)說(shuō)認(rèn)為宮頸口的神經(jīng)節(jié)在宮腔操作后出現(xiàn)持續(xù)痙攣,引發(fā)粘連,同時(shí)可讓子宮內(nèi)膜失去對(duì)激素反應(yīng)[8-9]。
祖國(guó)傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)認(rèn)為宮腔粘連屬于“月經(jīng)過(guò)少”“閉經(jīng)”“不孕”等范疇,其主要病機(jī)是宮腔操作損傷胞宮、胞脈,致使腎氣受損,沖任氣血,經(jīng)血化源不足或術(shù)后內(nèi)傷外感,氣血失調(diào),凝結(jié)成瘀致使沖任瘀阻,是以腎虛為本,血瘀為標(biāo)之病,故中藥治療的關(guān)鍵在于補(bǔ)腎益氣,調(diào)和氣血,但女性在月經(jīng)周期中,氣血波動(dòng)較大,使用同一湯劑無(wú)法達(dá)到預(yù)期效果,因此需采用周期療法[10-12]。
經(jīng)前期采用健脾益腎活血湯治療,可滋補(bǔ)腎陰,養(yǎng)血和血。方中熟地黃歸肝、腎經(jīng),可補(bǔ)精益髓、養(yǎng)血滋陰;山萸肉歸肝、腎經(jīng),可補(bǔ)益肝腎、收斂固澀;牡丹皮歸心、肝、胃經(jīng),可活血散瘀;女貞子歸肝、腎經(jīng),可補(bǔ)益肝腎;當(dāng)歸歸肝、心、脾經(jīng),可補(bǔ)血活血,調(diào)經(jīng)止痛;黨參歸脾、肺經(jīng),可生津養(yǎng)血、補(bǔ)中益氣;仙茅歸腎經(jīng),可溫腎壯陽(yáng)、祛寒除濕;白術(shù)歸脾、胃經(jīng),可補(bǔ)氣健脾、燥濕利水;巴戟天歸腎經(jīng),可補(bǔ)腎助陽(yáng)、祛風(fēng)除濕;菟絲子歸肝、腎、脾經(jīng),可補(bǔ)陽(yáng)益陰;續(xù)斷歸肝、腎經(jīng),可補(bǔ)肝腎、止崩漏。諸藥共用,可達(dá)到脾腎共治,活血除濕的功效[13]。
行經(jīng)期采用逍遙散治療,可活血止痛,行氣調(diào)經(jīng)。方中柴胡歸肝、膽經(jīng),可疏肝解郁;桂枝歸心、肺、膀胱經(jīng),可溫經(jīng)通脈;紅花歸心、肝經(jīng),可活血、化瘀、通經(jīng);白芍歸肝、脾經(jīng),可養(yǎng)血調(diào)經(jīng)、柔肝止痛;赤芍歸肝經(jīng),可活血化瘀、止痛;桃仁歸心、肝、肺、大腸經(jīng),可活血祛瘀;香附歸肝、三焦經(jīng),可調(diào)經(jīng)止痛;益母草歸心、肝、膀胱經(jīng),可活血化瘀、利水消腫。諸藥共用,可活血止痛,行氣調(diào)經(jīng)[14]。
經(jīng)后期采用補(bǔ)腎益血湯治療,方中紫河車歸心、腎經(jīng),可補(bǔ)腎益精、益氣活血;川芎歸肝、膽、心包經(jīng),可活血行氣,祛風(fēng)止痛;川牛膝歸肝、腎經(jīng),可逐瘀通經(jīng);澤蘭歸肝、脾經(jīng),可活血祛瘀、利水消腫;淫羊藿歸肝、腎經(jīng),可補(bǔ)腎壯陽(yáng);甘草可調(diào)和藥性,諸藥共用,起到滋補(bǔ)腎陰,調(diào)和血?dú)獾墓π15]。
本研究結(jié)果顯示,與對(duì)照組比較,觀察組的治療總有效率較高,中醫(yī)證候積分較低,宮腔粘連程度積分較低(P<0.05),提示中醫(yī)周期療法有助于緩解患者癥狀,改善宮腔形態(tài),促進(jìn)患者轉(zhuǎn)歸。但本研究因納入樣本量較少,隨訪時(shí)間較短,存在一定的局限性,為進(jìn)一步證實(shí)結(jié)果的真實(shí)性,臨床需納入大樣本量研究。
綜上所述,對(duì)輕、中度宮腔粘連患者采用中藥周期療法有助于改善患者癥狀,促進(jìn)其宮腔恢復(fù),療效高于西藥治療。
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(收稿日期:2019-08-28? 本文編輯:任秀蘭)