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基因多態(tài)性與培唑帕尼療效及不良反應(yīng)關(guān)系的研究進(jìn)展

2020-03-08 10:02:34劉秋蘭杜良琴吳茂鋒
關(guān)鍵詞:基因多態(tài)性

劉秋蘭 杜良琴 吳茂鋒

摘要:隨著基因檢測(cè)的普及,基因指導(dǎo)下個(gè)體化精準(zhǔn)治療成為進(jìn)一步提高靶向治療療效的有效途徑。培唑帕尼是一種多靶點(diǎn)酪氨酸激酶抑制劑,其療效與不良反應(yīng)的差異與相關(guān)基因多態(tài)性的關(guān)系日益受到關(guān)注。本文就培唑帕尼相關(guān)酶的基因多態(tài)性與其療效及所致不良反應(yīng)的關(guān)系進(jìn)行綜述。

關(guān)鍵詞:培唑帕尼;酪氨酸激酶抑制劑;基因多態(tài)性

【中圖分類號(hào)】R-0???? ?????? ?????? 【文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼】A ?????? ?????? ?????? 【文章編號(hào)】2107-2306(2020)01-156-02

[Abstract]? With the popularization of gene testing, personalized and precise treatment under the guidance of genes has become an effective way to further improve the efficacy of targeted therapy.Pazopanib is a multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor.In this paper, the genetic polymorphisms of various enzymes related to pazopanib and their effects on therapeutic effect and adverse reaction were reviewed.

[Keywords] pazopanib;Tyrosine kinase inhibitors;Gene polymorphism

培唑帕尼,又名帕唑帕尼(pazopanib)是一種新型的小分子多靶點(diǎn)酪氨酸激酶抑制劑。于2017年3月獲得中國(guó)CFDA批準(zhǔn)用于晚期腎細(xì)胞癌(RCC)的治療,培唑帕尼是FDA批準(zhǔn)用于治療多種不同組織學(xué)亞型軟組織肉瘤(STS)的第一個(gè)也是唯一一個(gè)酪氨酸激酶抑制劑[1]。本文就基因多態(tài)性檢測(cè)用于評(píng)估培唑帕尼臨床應(yīng)用的療效和不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生情況進(jìn)行綜述。

1 基因多態(tài)性與療效

1.1 VEGFA、FGFR2基因

Bianconi M等[2]研究發(fā)現(xiàn)VEGFA 的SNPs與mRCC患者培唑帕尼治療應(yīng)答率及結(jié)局相關(guān);Xu CF等[3]發(fā)現(xiàn): VEGFA -1498位點(diǎn)CC型RCC客觀緩解率33%低于TT型患者的51%。Vanmechelen M等[4]研究表明成纖維細(xì)胞生長(zhǎng)因子受體2 (FGFR2)中的SNP與培唑帕尼治療RCC療效有關(guān)。

1.2 KDR、IL-8基因

KDR基因rs34231037位點(diǎn)為AG型的腎細(xì)胞癌患者培唑帕尼治療的應(yīng)答率低于AA型的患者[5]。IL-8基因單核苷酸多態(tài)性與轉(zhuǎn)移性透明細(xì)胞癌(ccRCC)獲得性耐藥機(jī)制相關(guān),IL-8(rs1126647, rs4073)基因多態(tài)性與總生存率(OS)顯著相關(guān)[6]。

1.3 HIF1A、FLT4基因

HIF-1的過表達(dá)與腎細(xì)胞癌(RCC)的發(fā)病機(jī)制有關(guān),結(jié)果提示HIF1A基因多態(tài)性與腎細(xì)胞癌的復(fù)發(fā)和生存預(yù)后相關(guān)[7]。西班牙的科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)培唑帕尼的療效以及患者的生存期可能與FLT4基因有關(guān)[8]。

1.4自噬基因(ATGs)

Santoni M等[9]研究發(fā)現(xiàn)細(xì)胞自噬基因SNPs與患者的無進(jìn)展生存期(PFS)相關(guān)。

2基因多態(tài)性與不良反應(yīng)

2.1 HFE基因

Xu CF等[10]發(fā)現(xiàn)HFE基因rs2858996/rs707889位點(diǎn)純合突變TT型的腎細(xì)胞癌的患者肝損傷的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加。

2.2 HLA-B、HLA-D基因

Xu CF等[11]研究表明HLA-B基因多態(tài)性與培唑帕尼引起的肝損有關(guān),Xiang Q等[12]的分析顯示, HLA-DQA1*02:01、 HLA-DQB1*02:02、 HLA-DRB1*07:01基因型的患者肝損傷風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加。

2.3 UGTs基因

Motzer RJ 等[13]研究顯示: UGT1A1基因純合子突變型(UGT1A1*28*28)的腎細(xì)胞癌患者培唑帕尼治療后高膽紅素血癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加。

2.4 ABCG2基因

ABCG2轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)蛋白rs2231142位點(diǎn)的多態(tài)性與培唑帕尼聯(lián)合辛伐他汀治療引起的肝損傷相關(guān),突變型(TT與GT)的癌癥患者肝損傷的可能性加大。

3總結(jié)與展望

通過基因多態(tài)性檢測(cè)來預(yù)測(cè)癌癥患者對(duì)培唑帕尼的療效和不良反應(yīng)是臨床實(shí)施個(gè)體化治療及劑量調(diào)整的有效手段。由于現(xiàn)有的基因多態(tài)性檢測(cè)方法是比較復(fù)雜且價(jià)格相對(duì)昂貴,需要建立快速簡(jiǎn)便準(zhǔn)確的基因分型方法,使其適用于臨床眾多的患者或受試者進(jìn)行基因突變的檢測(cè);同時(shí)對(duì)大量受試者的篩查,獲得基因突變類型大數(shù)據(jù),建立培唑帕尼療效及不良反應(yīng)與基因多態(tài)性關(guān)系的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),指導(dǎo)臨床個(gè)體化用藥。

參考文獻(xiàn)

[1] Lee? ATJ, Jones RL, Huang PH,et al.Pazopanib in advanced soft tissue sarcomas.Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2019 May 17;4:16.

[2]Bianconi M, Faloppi L, Loretelli C,et al.Angiogenesis genotyping in the selection of first-line treatment with either sunitinib or pazopanib for advanced renal cell carcinoma.Oncotarget. 2016 Jun 21;7(25):37599-37607.

[3] Xu CF, Bing NX, Ball HA, et al.Pazopanib efficacy in renal cell carcinoma: evidence for predictive genetic markers in angiogenesis-related and exposure-related genes.J Clin Oncol. 2011 Jun 20;29(18):2557-64.

[4]Vanmechelen M, Lambrechts D, Van Brussel T,et al.Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor-2 Polymorphism rs2981582 isCorrelated With Progression-free Survival and Overall Survival in Patients With Metastatic Clear-cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated With Sunitinib.Clin Genitourin Cancer. 2019 Apr;17(2):e235-e246.

[5] Maitland ML, Xu CF, Cheng YC, Kistner-Griffin E, Ryan KA, Karrison TG, et al. Identification of a variant in KDR associated with serum VEGFR2 and pharmacodynamics of Pazopanib. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research. 2015;21(2):365–372.

[6]Xu CF, Johnson T, Garcia-Donas J, et al. IL8 polymorphisms and overall survival in pazopanib- or sunitinib-treated patients with renal cell carcinoma. British journal of cancer. 2015; 112(7):1190–1198.

[7]Ferreira M, Teixeira A, Maurício J,et al.Hypoxia and renal cell carcinoma: The influence of HIF1A1772C/T functional genetic polymorphism on prognosis.Urol Oncol. 2017 Aug;35(8):532.e25-532.

[8]Pazopanib in pretreated advanced neuroendocrine tumors: a phase II, open-label trial of the Spanish Task Force Group for Neuroendocrine Tumors (GETNE). Ann Oncol. 2015 Sep;26(9):1987-93.

[9]Santoni M, Piva F, De Giorgi,et al.Autophagic Gene Polymorphisms in Liquid Biopsies and Outcome of Patients with Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.Anticancer Res. 2018 Oct;38(10):5773-5782.

[10]Xu CF, Reck BH, Goodman V,et al.Association of the hemochromatosis gene with pazopanib-induced transaminase elevation in renal cell carcinoma.J Hepatol. 2011 Jun;54(6):1237-43.

[11]Xu CF, Johnson T, Wang X, et al. HLA-B*57:01 Confers Susceptibility to Pazopanib-Associated Liver Injury in Patients with Cancer. Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research. 2016; 22(6):1371–1377.

[12]Xiang Q, Zhang Z, Wu Y,et al.HLA Polymorphisms And TKI-Induced Liver Injury in Patients with Cancer: A Meta-analysis.J Cancer. 2019 May 21;10(10):2161-2168.

[13]Motzer RJ, Johnson T, Choueiri T, et al. Hyperbilirubinemia in pazopanib- or sunitinib-treated patients in COMPARZ is associated with UGT1A1 polymorphisms. Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology. 2013; 24(11):2927–2928.

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