漆世茂
摘要:為篩選適合的茶網(wǎng)蝽(Stephanitis chinensis Drake)防治藥劑,進行生物農(nóng)藥絕戈加助劑快克利與化學農(nóng)藥聯(lián)苯菊酯乳油對比試驗。結(jié)果表明,絕戈500倍稀釋液+快克利300倍稀釋液、絕戈300倍稀釋液+快克利300倍稀釋液、絕戈200倍稀釋液+快克利300倍稀釋液、10%聯(lián)苯菊酯乳油300倍稀釋液藥后1、3、7 d防治效果分別為39.1%、46.2%、48.3%、67.8%,81.6%、96.1%、97.4%、86.2%,85.3%、97.3%、97.8%、79.1%;絕戈300倍稀釋液+快克利300倍稀釋液和絕戈200倍稀釋液+快克利300倍稀釋液防治效果差異不顯著,兩者都顯著地高于絕戈500倍稀釋液+快克利300倍稀釋液和10%聯(lián)苯菊酯乳油300倍稀釋液。綜合考慮防治效果及防治藥劑成本,推薦使用絕戈300倍稀釋液+快克利300倍稀釋液均勻噴霧防治茶網(wǎng)蝽。
關(guān)鍵詞:茶網(wǎng)蝽(Stephanitis chinensis Drake);生物農(nóng)藥;絕戈;藥效試驗
中圖分類號:S482.3 ? ? ? ? 文獻標識碼:A
文章編號:0439-8114(2019)18-0043-02
DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.18.010 ? ? ? ? ? 開放科學(資源服務(wù))標識碼(OSID):
Efficacy of biopesticides juege against Stephanitis chinensis Drake
QI Shi-mao
(Baiyangping Agricultural Service Center of Enshi City,Enshi 445012,Hubei,China)
Abstract: In order to screen a suitable control agent for Stephanitis chinensis Drake, a comparative experiment was carried out between the biological pesticide Juege adding additive Kuaikeli and the chemical pesticide bifenthrin EC. The control efficiency of 1,3 and 7 days after treatments which were 500 time diluent of Juege +300 times diluent of Kuaikeli, 300 time diluent of Juege+300 times diluent of Kuaikeli,200 time diluent of Juege +300 times diluent of Kuaikeli, 300 times diluent of 10% bifenthrin EC were 39.1%,46.2%,48.3%,67.8%,81.6%,96.1%,97.4%,86.2%,85.3%,97.3%,97.8%,79.1%,respectively. There was no significant difference in the control effects between the 300 time diluent of Juege+300 times diluent of Kuaikeli and 200 time diluent of Juege +300 times diluent of Kuaikeli, but they are significantly higher than 500 time?diluent of Juege +300 times diluent of Kuaikeli and 300 times diluent of 10% bifenthrin EC. Considering the control effect and the cost of control agent, it is recommended to use 300 time diluent of Juege+300 times diluent of Kuaikeli uniform spray to control Stephanitis chinensis Drake.
Key words: Stephanitis chinensis Drake; biopesticide; Juege; pharmacodynamic test
茶網(wǎng)蝽(Stephanitis chinensis Drake)2012年遷入湖北省恩施市,發(fā)生為害面積已超過0.67萬hm2,并向周邊擴散。短短幾年時間,除了大面積為害恩施市的龍鳳鎮(zhèn)、白楊坪鄉(xiāng)、屯堡鄉(xiāng)、白果鄉(xiāng)及六角亭等鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)外[1],還擴散到周邊縣(市)產(chǎn)茶區(qū)域。該蟲在恩施每年發(fā)生5~6代[2],有2個明顯的發(fā)生高峰期[3-5],第一發(fā)生高峰期為4—5月,第二發(fā)生高峰期為9—10月[6]。茶樹受害后芽葉萌發(fā)率降低,芽葉細小,萌發(fā)緩慢,樹勢衰退,大量落葉,茶葉產(chǎn)量降低[7],一般可造成夏秋茶30%~60%的減產(chǎn)損失,嚴重的甚至絕收。該蟲一旦遷入茶園,首先在茶樹中下部位葉片背面群居為害,并產(chǎn)卵于葉肉組織中[8-10],防治難度大,各地防治藥劑均以化學農(nóng)藥為主。用化學農(nóng)藥防治,會殺死大量天敵,破壞茶園生態(tài),造成環(huán)境污染和茶葉農(nóng)藥殘留。為了有效地防治茶網(wǎng)蝽,又不帶來農(nóng)殘超標風險,根據(jù)茶網(wǎng)蝽特性及發(fā)生特點,選取生物農(nóng)藥絕戈進行防治試驗,為大面積無公害防治提供可靠依據(jù)。