喬冠朋 周丹
摘 要:文章研究商用車使用漸開(kāi)線凸輪軸鼓式制動(dòng)器,依據(jù)漸開(kāi)線的幾何特性,分析凸輪軸、滾輪和制動(dòng)蹄運(yùn)動(dòng)關(guān)系,運(yùn)用坐標(biāo)系建立凸輪軸轉(zhuǎn)角與制動(dòng)蹄轉(zhuǎn)角函數(shù)關(guān)聯(lián),為制動(dòng)間隙的設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)提供理論計(jì)算依據(jù)。
關(guān)鍵詞:漸開(kāi)線;凸輪軸;轉(zhuǎn)角;間隙
中圖分類號(hào):U467 ?文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A ?文章編號(hào):1671-7988(2019)12-140-02
Abstract: This paper studies the use of involute camshaft drum brakes in commercial vehicles. According to the geometric characteristics of involute, the relationship between camshaft, roller and brake shoe is analyzed. The coordinate system is used to establish the camshaft angle and brake shoe angle function. Correlation provides a theoretical basis for the design parameters of the brake gap.
Keywords: involute; camshaft; corner; gap
CLC NO.: U467 ?Document Code: A ?Article ID: 1671-7988(2019)12-140-02
1 引言
目前市場(chǎng)上商用車氣壓鼓式制動(dòng)器主要采用漸開(kāi)線S形凸輪軸,漸開(kāi)線函數(shù)曲線凸輪軸可保證凸輪輪廓對(duì)制動(dòng)蹄端滾輪的促動(dòng)力為定值。制動(dòng)過(guò)程是凸輪軸與制動(dòng)蹄產(chǎn)生轉(zhuǎn)角位移,制動(dòng)器相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)影響制動(dòng)器制動(dòng)間隙,進(jìn)一步影響制動(dòng)響應(yīng)時(shí)間。本文分析研究凸輪軸轉(zhuǎn)角與制動(dòng)蹄轉(zhuǎn)件幾何關(guān)系,研究轉(zhuǎn)角關(guān)系趨勢(shì),為制動(dòng)器結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)設(shè)變對(duì)制動(dòng)間隙影響提供理論依據(jù)。
2 轉(zhuǎn)角幾何關(guān)系
2.1 參數(shù)表示
如圖1所示,以制動(dòng)中心為0點(diǎn)建立平面坐標(biāo)系,M為基圓為φd(φd=2r)的漸開(kāi)線S形凸輪軸轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)中心,N為直徑為φD(φD=2R)的滾輪轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)中心,O為制動(dòng)蹄轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)中心;凸輪軸與滾輪接觸切點(diǎn)為K,T為NK與漸開(kāi)線基圓的切點(diǎn)。
3 參數(shù)實(shí)例計(jì)算
根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)角函數(shù)關(guān)聯(lián),以商用車用S形凸輪軸參數(shù)為例,計(jì)算制動(dòng)過(guò)程凸輪軸轉(zhuǎn)角θ隨制動(dòng)蹄轉(zhuǎn)角β遞增對(duì)應(yīng)參數(shù)值,相應(yīng)數(shù)值結(jié)果及變化趨勢(shì)如表。
4 結(jié)束語(yǔ)
本文通過(guò)對(duì)漸開(kāi)線凸輪軸轉(zhuǎn)角與制動(dòng)蹄轉(zhuǎn)角幾何關(guān)系分析,建立轉(zhuǎn)角函數(shù)關(guān)聯(lián);為研究制動(dòng)過(guò)程中轉(zhuǎn)角位移對(duì)應(yīng)趨勢(shì)提供理論參考,對(duì)分析影響制動(dòng)間隙結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)提供計(jì)算依據(jù),尤其對(duì)自動(dòng)間隙調(diào)整臂保障制動(dòng)間隙穩(wěn)定提供設(shè)計(jì)基礎(chǔ)。