宋衛(wèi)章 余豐 戴智豪 何忠祥 余虎 邢飛雄 嚴驊
Abstract:Aiming at the disadvantage of the conventional PI controller of three-phase VIENNA rectifier, which has poor input AC static error and anti-load disturbance dynamic performance, a load current feed-forward proportional resonant(PR) control algorithm for VIENNA rectifier was proposed. PR controller is used to eliminate the phase difference between the input voltage and current effectively as well as realize the tracking without static error. The load current feed-forward compensation link is embedded outside the current closed loop, and the load disturbance information is directly acted on the current through the feed-forward link, which improves the dynamic adjustment time of anti-load disturbance and enhances the system immunity. The performance of the proposed method was compared with that of traditional PI control strategy. The test results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively enhance the dynamic performance and input power factor under load disturbance operation condition.
Keywords:VIENNA rectifier; proportional resonant control; load current feed-forward; static error tracking control; power factor control
0 引 言
三相三電平VIENNA整流器的輸入電流正弦,直流側電壓可在一定范圍內靈活控制[1-2],并且因其拓撲開關器件數目少、開關應力小、驅動信號之間無死區(qū)、可靠性高等優(yōu)點受到了國內外學者廣泛的關注[3-5]。
隨著VIENNA整流器的應用越來越廣泛,對其控制策略研究顯得尤為重要。文獻[6]將傳統(tǒng)的滯環(huán)電流控制策略應用于VIENNA整流器,雖然此方法簡單且動態(tài)性能較快,但該方法無法使開關頻率固定,輸入電流頻譜范圍寬,輸入濾波參數設計比較困難;文獻[7]在考慮電網頻率波動的基礎上,提出自適應比例諧振控制,能無差跟蹤交流正弦參考信號,取得良好的效果;文獻[8]將比例諧振控制應用于高頻鏈逆變器獲得了更小的穩(wěn)態(tài)誤差和較快的動態(tài)響應,避免了PI控制因跟蹤信號為快速變化的正弦波而存在穩(wěn)態(tài)靜差的問題,但該文章并沒有考慮負載擾動對系統(tǒng)帶來的影響。
基于功率守恒原理,VIENNA整流器負載擾動會導致輸出電壓紋波增加,而傳統(tǒng)直流側電壓外環(huán)由于不能直接反映負載擾動信息而無法采取有效的擾動抑制措施,又加之傳統(tǒng)PI調節(jié)器存在固有控制延遲,受電路參數影響較大[9],從而導致直流側電壓動態(tài)調節(jié)性能較差。因此,有必要尋求一種負載前饋控制抑制負載擾動,改善系統(tǒng)性能。
比例諧振(proportional resonant, PR)控制器是近些年新提出的一種控制器[10],它是通過在諧振頻率處極大的增益來實現對交流信號的無靜差控制。PR控制器目前常被應用于有源前端整流器、不間斷電源、新能源發(fā)電等領域[11-15],然而帶負載電流前饋的PR控制在VIENNA整流器上的應用研究目前還未見報道。針對上述不足,本文將PR控制器拓展至三電平VIENNA整流器瞬時值閉環(huán)控制中,實現對交流電流的無誤差跟蹤控制,同時將負載電流前饋控制引入到控制策略中用來提高系統(tǒng)動態(tài)性能。
1 基于PR控制器的VIENNA整流器系統(tǒng) ?圖1為VIENNA整流器拓撲結構,由三相不控整流橋和3個雙向功率開關構成,每個雙向開關由2個共發(fā)射極的IGBT構成。輸入側由升壓電感Ls和等效電阻Rs串聯組成,直流側由2個串聯電容C1、C2與負載RL并聯組成。
4 結 論
本文將PR控制器應用于VIENNA整理器的閉環(huán)控制中,且引入負載電流前饋控制環(huán)節(jié),在保證三相交流電進行無靜差控制的同時,有效地解決負載突變動態(tài)性能不佳的問題,提高了系統(tǒng)的抗負載擾動能力,仿真和實驗結果驗證了所提出的方案的可行性和正確性。
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(編輯:邱赫男)