陳江 劉志超 張帆 孫旗 袁巧妹 祝永剛 輝燈 郭菲宇 柳根哲
摘要:目的 ?觀察身痛逐瘀湯對(duì)人髓核細(xì)胞模型PI3K/Akt信號(hào)通路凋亡蛋白Bad、Caspase-9、GSK-3β表達(dá)的影響,探討其可能的作用機(jī)制。方法 ?將人髓核細(xì)胞分為6組,分離培養(yǎng)、鑒定及傳代后,取第3代細(xì)胞進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)。人髓核細(xì)胞加入身痛逐瘀湯藥物血清,置于醫(yī)用恒溫靜水壓壓力罐中干預(yù),分別于0.3、1、3 MPa壓力下作用2、4、6 h,應(yīng)用倒置相差顯微鏡觀察人髓核細(xì)胞加壓前后形態(tài)及生長(zhǎng)狀況,應(yīng)用透射電子顯微鏡觀察人髓核細(xì)胞超微結(jié)構(gòu),流式細(xì)胞術(shù)檢測(cè)人髓核細(xì)胞凋亡,采用凝膠電泳遷移法檢驗(yàn)人髓核細(xì)胞PI3K/Akt信號(hào)通路標(biāo)志蛋白p-Akt的表達(dá),Western blot檢測(cè)人髓核細(xì)胞Bad、Caspase-9、GSK-3β蛋白的表達(dá)。結(jié)果 ?同一壓力下及作用時(shí)間,中藥組人髓核細(xì)胞形態(tài)、超微結(jié)構(gòu)和生長(zhǎng)狀況較壓力組明顯變好,其中0.3、1 MPa壓力差異顯著(P<0.05);與中藥組比較,壓力組人髓核細(xì)胞凋亡率顯著增加(P<0.05);凝膠電泳遷移顯示,人髓核細(xì)胞在0.3、1、3 MPa壓力下中藥組p-Akt表達(dá)明顯高于壓力組(P<0.05);Western blot結(jié)果顯示,中藥組人髓核細(xì)胞Bad、Caspase-9、GSK-3β蛋白表達(dá)較壓力組明顯降低(P<0.05)。結(jié)論 ?身痛逐瘀湯能有效延緩髓核細(xì)胞退變,增加細(xì)胞活性及減少細(xì)胞凋亡,其機(jī)制可能與激活PI3K/Akt通路抑制Bad、Caspase-9、GSK-3β蛋白的表達(dá)相關(guān)。
關(guān)鍵詞:身痛逐瘀湯;PI3K/Akt通路;靜水壓;髓核細(xì)胞;細(xì)胞凋亡
中圖分類號(hào):R285.5 ???文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A ???文章編號(hào):1005-5304(2019)09-0048-07
Effects of Shentong Zhuyu?Decoction on PI3K/Akt?Pathway?Bad, Caspase-9, GSK-3β?Expression?of Human Nucleus Pulposus Cells
CHEN Jiang1, LIU Zhichao2, ZHANG Fan1, SUN Qi1, YUAN Qiaomei1, ZHU?Yonggang2,XIAO Huideng2, GUO Feiyu2, LIU Genzhe2
1. Dongzhimen?Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China; 2.?Beijing?Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, China
Abstract: Objective?To investigate the effects of Shentong Zhuyu Decoction on the exprossion of Bad, Caspase-9, and GSK-3β in nucleus pulposus cells through PI3K/Akt?signal pathway and its possible mechanism. Methods?Human nucleus pulposus cells were divided into 10 groups. After isolation, culture, identification and passage of six?groups of nucleus pulposus cells, the third-generation cells (P3) were taken for experiment. The human nucleus pulposus cells were added into the serum containing Shentong Zhuyu?Decoction and intervened in a medical hydrostatic pressure vessel with constant temperature. After 2, 4 and 6 hours of action under 0.3, 1,?3 MPa pressure, inverted phase contrast microscopy was used to observe the morphological changes and growth status of nucleus pulposus cells before and after compression. Transmission electron microscope was used to observe the ultrastructural changes and differences of nucleus pulposus cells in each group. Annexin V-FITC/Propidium Iodide flow cytometry was used to detect apoptotic status of nucleus pulposus cells in each group. Electrophoreticmobility shift assay was used to test the activity of p-Akt in PI3K/Akt pathway of the nucleus pulposus cells of each group, and the expressions of Bad, Caspase-9 and GSK-3β in nucleus pulposus cells were detected by Western blot. Results?The morphology, ultrastructure and growth of nucleus pulposus cells in TCM group were better than those in the pressure group under the same pressure and time, and the difference was significant under 0.3 MPa and 1 MPa (P<0.05). Compared with TCM group, the apoptotic rate of nucleus pulposus cells in the pressure group increased significantly (P<0.05). Electrophoretic mobility shift assay?showed thhat the expression of p-Akt?in TCM group was significantly higher than that in the pressure group under 0.3, 1,?3 MPa pressure (P<0.05). Western blot showed that the expressions of Bad, Caspase-9 and GSK-3β in TCM group decreased as a whole, which was significantly different from that in the pressure group (P<0.05). Conclusion?Shentong Zhuyu?Decoction can effectively delay the degeneration of nucleus pulposus cells, increase cell activity and reduce cell apoptosis. Its mechanism may be related to activating PI3K/Akt signal pathway to inhibit the expressions of Bad, Caspase-9 and GSK-3β.
Keywords:Shentong ZhuyuDecoction; PI3K/Akt pathway; hydrostatic pressure; nucleus pulposus cells; apoptosis
椎間盤退行性疾?。╥ntervertebral disc degeneration?disease,IVDD)是最多見的骨科疾病,據(jù)報(bào)道70%~90%人均患過(guò)腰痛,年發(fā)病率為10%~30%,且呈逐年上升趨勢(shì)[1]。流行病學(xué)調(diào)查顯示,IVDD發(fā)病人群越來(lái)越趨于年輕化,追蹤病史分析病因,發(fā)現(xiàn)久坐、久站等原因已經(jīng)逐漸成為主要的致病因素,提示人體脊柱長(zhǎng)期受到的靜壓負(fù)荷是引發(fā)IVDD的重要因素[2]。椎間盤(intervertebral disc,IVD)在人體運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)受到壓應(yīng)力在髓核中形成靜水壓,然后擴(kuò)散至纖維環(huán),由壓應(yīng)力轉(zhuǎn)變成張應(yīng)力,因此IVDD與人髓核細(xì)胞活力和凋亡密切相關(guān)。臨床上身痛逐瘀湯治療IVDD療效甚佳,因此,本實(shí)驗(yàn)在體外靜水壓加載系統(tǒng)中,以人椎間盤髓核細(xì)胞為研究對(duì)象,以常壓環(huán)境為對(duì)照,根據(jù)前期研究結(jié)果設(shè)計(jì)3種水平的細(xì)胞靜水壓加載負(fù)荷(0.3、1、3 MPa),采用身痛逐瘀湯藥物血清對(duì)髓核細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)狀態(tài)進(jìn)行干預(yù),檢測(cè)PI3K/Akt信號(hào)通路及其凋亡蛋白的表達(dá),揭示身痛逐瘀湯治療IVDD的療效機(jī)制及作用靶點(diǎn)。
1 ?實(shí)驗(yàn)材料
1.1 ?動(dòng)物
5月齡健康新西蘭兔10只,體質(zhì)量2~4 kg,雌雄不限,中國(guó)中醫(yī)科學(xué)院實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物中心提供。飼養(yǎng)于中國(guó)中醫(yī)科學(xué)院基礎(chǔ)理論研究所動(dòng)物房,溫度24~26 ℃,相對(duì)濕度45%~65%,自由攝食飲水。
1.2 ?藥物及制備
身痛逐瘀湯(秦艽3 g,川芎6 g,桃仁9 g,紅花9 g,甘草6 g,羌活3 g,沒(méi)藥6 g,當(dāng)歸9 g,香附3 g,牛膝9 g,川烏3 g,地龍6 g),飲片由北京中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)東直門醫(yī)院中藥房提供。藥物血清制備:將飲片裝入容量1 L的圓底燒瓶中,加20倍水,浸泡4 h,放入套式恒溫器煎煮,煮沸1.5 h后,藥液紗布過(guò)濾,4000×g離心10 min,將上層藥液置于濾紙過(guò)濾,完畢后倒入500 mL圓底燒瓶中,裝入旋轉(zhuǎn)蒸發(fā)儀進(jìn)行蒸發(fā)(73 ℃,轉(zhuǎn)速4×g),最后濃縮至20~30 mL,將浸膏倒入培養(yǎng)皿中,放入真空干燥箱(50 ℃)真空干燥2 d,收取固體浸膏,稱重,最終藥液濃度為0.25 g/mL(7.81 g原藥材/mL)。
1.3 ?主要試劑與儀器
DMEM/F12培養(yǎng)基(GIBCO),胰酶/EDTA(美國(guó)Sciencell公司),BCA蛋白濃度測(cè)定試劑盒(北京索萊寶公司),丙烯酰胺(VETEC),彩虹180光譜蛋白Maker(北京索萊寶公司),Anti-Caspase 9抗體(欣博盛生物科技有限公司),Anti-GSK-3β抗體(賽信通生物試劑有限公司),Anti-Bad抗體(Abcam),Anti-GAPDH抗體(Abcam),雙抗P/S Solution(美國(guó)Sciencell公司)。倒置相差顯微鏡(奧林巴斯,IX50),透射電鏡(Hitachi,HF5000),流式細(xì)胞儀(美國(guó)Beckmam,型號(hào)Cytomics FC500),發(fā)光凝膠成像系統(tǒng)(英國(guó)SYNGENE,型號(hào)GeneGnome XRQ),蛋白電泳儀(美國(guó)Bio-rad,PowerPacTM),全自動(dòng)酶標(biāo)儀(美BioTek,型號(hào)Synergy H1),醫(yī)用恒溫靜水壓壓力罐(北京世紀(jì)森朗實(shí)驗(yàn)儀器有限公司)。
2 ?實(shí)驗(yàn)方法
2.1 ?造模
人髓核細(xì)胞由Sciencell Research Laboratories提供。復(fù)蘇細(xì)胞時(shí)先將髓核細(xì)胞從液氮中取出,立即放入37 ℃恒溫水浴中,待完全融化后取出,使用移液器將髓核細(xì)胞重懸后1000 r/min離心5 min,棄上清液后傳代培養(yǎng)髓核細(xì)胞,鏡下見髓核細(xì)胞增殖到約90%瓶底時(shí)傳代,獲得第3代髓核細(xì)胞(P3)后,將髓核細(xì)胞放入醫(yī)用恒溫靜水壓壓力罐中進(jìn)行造模,壓力設(shè)定為0.3、1、3 MPa,分別作用2、4、6 h。
2.2 ?分組
實(shí)驗(yàn)分為單純壓力干預(yù)組(壓力組)、壓力+藥物血清組(中藥組)共6組,分別為0.3、1、3 MPa壓力環(huán)境/單純DMEM培養(yǎng)組,0.3、1、3 MPa壓力環(huán)境/DMEM+藥物血清組。
2.3 ?給藥
按“兔表面積/人體表面積=兔的給藥量/人給藥量”的換算方法,計(jì)算兔給藥劑量為3.50 g(/kg·d),為保證血清含藥量,盡量調(diào)高給藥劑量,最終給藥劑量為28 g/(kg·d),即原給藥劑量的8倍。中藥組2只兔分別為3.2、3.8 kg/只,藥物180 g溶于130 mL純水中,以20 mL/(kg·d)灌胃,連續(xù)3 d,最后1 d灌胃結(jié)束1 h后,耳緣靜脈取血,每只家兔取血約50~60 mL,4 ℃靜置數(shù)小時(shí)后,3500 r/min離心15 min,取血清,56 ℃滅活30 min,過(guò)濾分裝,-80 ℃冰箱保存。課題組前期研究利用MTT比色法篩選出身痛逐瘀湯藥物血清最佳給藥濃度為15%,藥物干預(yù)時(shí)間為24 h,因此選用15%身痛逐瘀湯藥物血清濃度。
2.4 ?人髓核細(xì)胞模型一般形態(tài)觀察
3代髓核細(xì)胞鋪片連同培養(yǎng)基一起裝入10 mL注射器中,在靜水壓加載裝置中通過(guò)注入氮?dú)饧訅?,靜水壓設(shè)定為0.3、1、3 MPa,以模擬人體不同體位下椎間壓力環(huán)境,每個(gè)靜水壓分別作用2、4、6 h,并通過(guò)智能溫控裝置使容器內(nèi)溫保持在37 ℃。造模結(jié)束后,將氣體放掉,打開裝置蓋子,取出注射器,PBS沖洗玻片3遍,4%多聚甲醛固定30 min,利用倒置顯微鏡觀察細(xì)胞成長(zhǎng)及其形態(tài)變化。
2.5 ?人髓核細(xì)胞模型超微結(jié)構(gòu)觀察
分別制作壓力組和中藥組髓核細(xì)胞電鏡樣本,觀察靜水壓加壓前后髓核細(xì)胞的超微結(jié)構(gòu)。分別為0.3、1、3 MPa,以模擬人體不同體位下椎間壓力環(huán)境,每個(gè)靜水壓分別作用2、4、6 h。取出細(xì)胞玻片,2.5%戊二醛溶液固定,電鏡下觀察。
2.6 ?流式細(xì)胞術(shù)檢測(cè)人髓核細(xì)胞凋亡
人髓核細(xì)胞2000 r/min離心5 min,胰酶消化,收集1×105~5×105細(xì)胞,添加500 μL Binding Buffer懸浮細(xì)胞,加5 μL Annexin V-FITC混勻后,加5 μL Propidium Iodide,混勻室溫、避光、反應(yīng)5~15 min,1 h內(nèi)流式細(xì)胞儀檢測(cè)。正常活細(xì)胞不被Annexin V- FITC和Propidium Iodide染色;凋亡早期細(xì)胞僅被AnnexinV-FITC染色,Propidium Iodide染色呈陰性;壞死細(xì)胞和凋亡晚期細(xì)胞同時(shí)被AnnexinV-FITC和Propidium Iodide染色。
2.7 ?凝膠電泳遷移法檢測(cè)p-Akt活性
使用核蛋白抽提試劑盒提取細(xì)胞核蛋白,按產(chǎn)品說(shuō)明書進(jìn)行p-Akt探針標(biāo)記,采取10 V/cm電壓電泳10 min,干燥,X光片壓片,檢測(cè)各組灰度值。
2.8 ?Western blot檢測(cè)Bad、Caspase-9、GSK-3β蛋白的表達(dá)
①組織蛋白提?。簩⑹占募?xì)胞樣本離心,加入RIPA裂解液(含PMSF),離心10 min后,抽吸上清液,-80 ℃冰箱保存。②蛋白含量測(cè)定:將標(biāo)準(zhǔn)品及樣本PBS稀釋后,加入工作液,37 ℃反應(yīng)30 min,于酶標(biāo)儀檢測(cè)OD值并畫出標(biāo)準(zhǔn)曲線,計(jì)算樣本蛋白濃度。③電泳:將分離膠灌入玻璃板間,加入無(wú)水乙醇封層后倒出乙醇,然后將濃縮膠倒入分離膠上層,即刻插入梳子,37 ℃等待40 min,取下玻璃板后放入電泳槽,100 V電泳,當(dāng)樣品到濃縮膠與分離膠交界時(shí),改為200 V電泳至終止。④轉(zhuǎn)膜:卸膠、剪膠,放入緩沖液中15 min;剪下PVDF膜,分別浸潤(rùn)在甲醇、超純水、電轉(zhuǎn)液中;平鋪濾紙、PVDF膜、凝膠及濾紙,構(gòu)成“三明治”模型,固定放入半干轉(zhuǎn)儀器中,25 V恒壓轉(zhuǎn)膜30 min。⑤孵育及顯影:轉(zhuǎn)膜后,將膜置于一抗溶液,室溫水平搖動(dòng)1 h,4 ℃孵育過(guò)夜;次日TBST洗膜10 min×3次,二抗(1︰3000)室溫孵育60 min,TBST沖洗10 min×3次。膜上滴加ECL反應(yīng)液500 μL,30 s后,曝光10 min,成像。
3 ?統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法
采用SPSS18.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件進(jìn)行分析。研究所得指標(biāo)均獨(dú)立重復(fù)測(cè)定3次,實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)以x(—)±s表示,2組間比較符合正態(tài)分布采用獨(dú)立t檢驗(yàn),2組間比較不符合正態(tài)分布用秩和檢驗(yàn);多組間比較用方差分析。P<0.05表示差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
4 ?結(jié)果
4.1 ?光鏡觀察結(jié)果
①細(xì)胞體積:0.3、1、3 MPa靜水壓作用4 h,人髓核細(xì)胞體積均縮小,3 MPa靜水壓作用下細(xì)胞體積縮小最明顯;②突起:0.3、1、3 MPa靜水壓作用下細(xì)胞突起均變短,3 MPa靜水壓作用下細(xì)胞突起縮短最明顯,部分細(xì)胞突起不顯著,呈皺縮狀改變;③相同壓力和加載時(shí)間,中藥組較壓力組人髓核細(xì)胞數(shù)目更多,形態(tài)保存更完整,生長(zhǎng)狀況更好。結(jié)果見圖1。
4.2 ?電鏡觀察結(jié)果
人髓核細(xì)胞超微結(jié)構(gòu)變化:①人髓核細(xì)胞在0.3、1、3 MPa靜水壓作用4 h后突起均有斷裂。②0.3、1 MPa靜水壓作用下人髓核細(xì)胞主級(jí)突起完整、次級(jí)突起均有斷裂;3 MPa靜水壓作用下人髓核細(xì)胞主級(jí)突起與次級(jí)突起均有斷裂。③相同靜水壓不同作用時(shí)間,人髓核細(xì)胞超結(jié)構(gòu)無(wú)明顯變化。④相同壓力和作用時(shí)間,中藥組較壓力組人髓核細(xì)胞在掃描電鏡下形態(tài)及超微結(jié)構(gòu)保存更完整,生長(zhǎng)狀況更好。結(jié)果見圖2。
4.3 ?身痛逐瘀湯對(duì)人髓核細(xì)胞模型凋亡的影響
2組人髓核細(xì)胞0.3、1、3 MPa作用2 h細(xì)胞凋亡率較低。隨著時(shí)間的增加,壓力組和中藥組0.3、1、3 MPa細(xì)胞凋亡率上升,其中3 MPa靜水壓作用2、4、6 h細(xì)胞凋亡率較0.3 MPa差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05,P<0.01);2組人髓核細(xì)胞3 MPa作用4 h細(xì)胞凋亡率明顯增加;中藥組人髓核細(xì)胞0.3 MPa作用2 h后凋亡率最低,壓力組人髓核細(xì)胞3 MPa壓力作用6 h凋亡率最高;2組人髓核細(xì)胞3 MPa壓力作用4 h和6 h,細(xì)胞凋亡率差異不明顯(P>0.05)。結(jié)果見圖3。
4.4 ?身痛逐瘀湯對(duì)人髓核細(xì)胞模型PI3K/Akt信號(hào)通路相關(guān)蛋白表達(dá)的影響
0.3 MPa壓力作用下隨著時(shí)間的增加,中藥組人髓核細(xì)胞p-Akt表達(dá)4 h時(shí)下降,6 h時(shí)明顯增加,壓力組人髓核細(xì)胞p-Akt表達(dá)呈上升趨勢(shì),但中藥組p-Akt水平明顯高于壓力組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);壓力組凋亡蛋白Bad、Caspase-9、GSK-3β的表達(dá)隨時(shí)間增加而升高,加入身痛逐瘀湯藥物血清后其表達(dá)受到抑制,其中4 h時(shí)最明顯,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。結(jié)果見圖4。
1 MPa壓力作用下,隨著時(shí)間的增加,壓力組人髓核細(xì)胞p-Akt表達(dá)4 h時(shí)明顯升高,6 h時(shí)降低,整體水平明顯下降,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);中藥組人髓核細(xì)胞p-Akt水平隨著時(shí)間的增加其表達(dá)逐漸降低,但中藥組p-Akt整體水平高于壓力組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);壓力組人髓核細(xì)胞凋亡蛋白Bad、Caspase-9、GSK-3β的表達(dá)隨時(shí)間增加而升高,而加入身痛逐瘀湯藥物血清后其表達(dá)受到明顯抑制,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。見圖5。
3 MPa壓力作用下,隨著時(shí)間的增加,壓力組人髓核細(xì)胞p-Akt表達(dá)4 h時(shí)明顯升高,6 h時(shí)明顯降低,但整體水平升高,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);中藥組人髓核細(xì)胞p-Akt表達(dá)2 h時(shí)最高,后隨著時(shí)間增加其表達(dá)明顯下降,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);凋亡蛋白Bad、Caspase-9、GSK-3β的表達(dá)隨時(shí)間增加而升高,加入身痛逐瘀湯藥物血清后其表達(dá)受到明顯抑制,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。見圖6。
5 ?討論
PI3K/Akt通路在調(diào)控椎間盤髓核細(xì)胞凋亡方面發(fā)揮著重要作用。Deng等[3]研究發(fā)現(xiàn),淫羊藿苷通過(guò)PI3K/Akt途徑抑制大鼠髓核間盤細(xì)胞H2O2誘導(dǎo)的凋亡,其機(jī)制是淫羊藿苷顯著降低了H2O2誘導(dǎo)的細(xì)胞凋亡和細(xì)胞內(nèi)活性氧,上調(diào)p-Akt和Bcl-2表達(dá),下調(diào)Caspase-3和Bax表達(dá)。Liu等[4]研究發(fā)現(xiàn),椎間盤受到應(yīng)力刺激時(shí),髓核細(xì)胞可激活PI3K/Akt信號(hào)通路抑制促凋亡Bcl-2家族成員Bad、Caspase-9、GSK-3β等凋亡轉(zhuǎn)錄因子的轉(zhuǎn)錄而起到抑制髓核細(xì)胞凋亡的作用。
研究表明,當(dāng)過(guò)高的壓力加載時(shí),IVD會(huì)發(fā)生形變,且IVD內(nèi)的靜水壓會(huì)明顯增加,導(dǎo)致IVD內(nèi)水分外移,繼而細(xì)胞外基質(zhì)分解加快,IVD內(nèi)環(huán)境趨于惡化,誘發(fā)IVDD[5-6]。反之IVD內(nèi)靜水壓缺失同樣會(huì)導(dǎo)致IVD組織內(nèi)蛋白聚糖的表達(dá)量顯著降低,這種作用與壓力的強(qiáng)度和作用時(shí)間相關(guān)[7-8]。這些結(jié)果同國(guó)外學(xué)者的研究結(jié)果[9-12]一致。表明靜水壓力學(xué)因素與IVD髓核細(xì)胞的凋亡和細(xì)胞外基質(zhì)代謝的影響最為密切[13-14]。
中醫(yī)學(xué)認(rèn)為,腰痹常由氣血瘀滯引起,現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)提出腰腿痛的根本原因是炎性因子刺激或神經(jīng)根受壓后水腫所致[15]。北京中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)東直門醫(yī)院名老中醫(yī)孫呈祥教授總結(jié)治療臨床腰腿痛的核心是行氣活血,關(guān)鍵是祛瘀通絡(luò),并以中醫(yī)經(jīng)典方劑身痛逐瘀湯臨床辨證治療IVDD療效較好[16],方中秦艽、羌活祛風(fēng)除濕,沒(méi)藥、香附行氣血、止疼痛,桃仁、紅花、當(dāng)歸、川芎活血祛瘀,牛膝、地龍疏通經(jīng)絡(luò)以利關(guān)節(jié),甘草調(diào)和諸藥,全方共奏活血祛瘀、祛風(fēng)除濕、通痹止痛之效。國(guó)內(nèi)有關(guān)身痛逐瘀湯治療IVDD的相關(guān)臨床研究報(bào)道顯示該方療效顯著[17-19]。
本研究以身痛逐瘀湯藥物血清在體外靜水壓環(huán)境下干預(yù)人椎間盤髓核細(xì)胞,表明中藥藥物血清對(duì)髓核細(xì)胞活力、形態(tài)和超微結(jié)構(gòu)具有保護(hù)作用,降低髓核細(xì)胞凋亡率。Western blot檢測(cè)加入身痛逐瘀湯藥物血清后人髓核細(xì)胞p-Akt表達(dá)升高,凋亡蛋白Bad、Caspase-9、GSK-3β表達(dá)降低。通過(guò)與壓力組對(duì)比發(fā)現(xiàn),隨著椎間盤靜水壓的增加身痛逐瘀湯藥物血清后雖不能逆轉(zhuǎn)間盤退變趨勢(shì),但明顯抑制了這一進(jìn)程,說(shuō)明身痛逐瘀湯可能通過(guò)上調(diào)PI3K/Akt通路的表達(dá)延緩人髓核細(xì)胞凋亡,從而減緩椎間盤退變。
綜上所述,體外培養(yǎng)髓核細(xì)胞存在時(shí)間-壓力依賴關(guān)系,作用時(shí)間延長(zhǎng)及壓力增大均可導(dǎo)致髓核退變;在相對(duì)短時(shí)間內(nèi)(6 h內(nèi)),壓力負(fù)荷是導(dǎo)致髓核細(xì)胞凋亡的主要因素,低靜水壓環(huán)境(0.3、1 MPa)下,髓核細(xì)胞活力隨時(shí)間變化不明顯,而在高靜水壓(3 MPa)環(huán)境下,隨時(shí)間增加,髓核細(xì)胞活力顯著下降;身痛逐瘀湯可能通過(guò)激活PI3K/Akt信號(hào)通路,進(jìn)而調(diào)控通路相關(guān)分子蛋白的表達(dá),延緩IVD的退變,其作用機(jī)制可能與抑制Bad、Caspase-9、GSK-3β蛋白表達(dá)相關(guān)。
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