李文蘭 孟昭東

摘要：生長(zhǎng)素是一類重要的植物發(fā)育調(diào)控因子，其代謝和轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)在植物的器官形成和分化中均發(fā)揮重要作用。植物特有的生長(zhǎng)素外運(yùn)載體PIN是一類膜蛋白，和生長(zhǎng)素極性運(yùn)輸相關(guān)。本研究中，我們對(duì)玉米PIN基因家族的14個(gè)成員在雌花序發(fā)育過(guò)程中的表達(dá)模式進(jìn)行了分析。除了未檢測(cè)到ZmPIN9基因的表達(dá)外，其余13個(gè)基因根據(jù)表達(dá)模式可分為三類：第一類包括ZmPIN1a、ZmPIN1b、ZmPIN1d、ZmPIN5c和ZmPIN8五個(gè)基因，在SPM（小穗對(duì)原基）時(shí)期表達(dá)量最高;第二類包括ZmPIN1c、ZmPIN10b、ZmPINx和ZmPINy四個(gè)基因，在SM1（小穗原基早期）時(shí)期表達(dá)量最高;第三類包括ZmPIN2、ZmPIN5a、ZmPIN5b和ZmPIN10a四個(gè)基因，在F（花器官）時(shí)期表達(dá)量最高。為了進(jìn)一步了解ZmPIN家族基因的表達(dá)模式，我們對(duì)這14個(gè)基因在不同組織器官中的表達(dá)模式進(jìn)行了分析，依然未檢測(cè)到ZmPIN9基因的表達(dá)，可能是其表達(dá)量極低或在特定部位或特定時(shí)期表達(dá);ZmPIN5a基因在葉中的表達(dá)量最高;其余12個(gè)ZmPIN基因均在雄花序中高表達(dá)。這些結(jié)果說(shuō)明ZmPIN基因在玉米生殖器官尤其是雌花序的發(fā)育過(guò)程中起重要作用。

關(guān)鍵詞：玉米;ZmPIN;雌花序;表達(dá)

中圖分類號(hào)：S513.01：Q781??文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)號(hào)：A??文章編號(hào)：1001-4942（2019）06-0017-05

Abstract?Auxin is an important plant development regulator， and its metabolism and transport play important roles in organ formation and differentiation. The plant specific auxin transport carrier PIN is a membrane protein， which is associated with the polar transport of auxin. In this paper， we analyzed the expression patterns of 14 ZmPIN genes in female inflorescence development. In addition to undetected the expression of ZmPIN9， the other 13 genes could be divided into three classes according to the expression pattern. The first class included five genes as ZmPIN1a， ZmPIN1b， ZmPIN1d， ZmPIN5c and ZmPIN8， which had the highest expression level in SPM phase. The second class included four genes as ZmPIN1c， ZmPIN10b， ZmPINx and ZmPINy， which had the highest expression level in SM1 phase. The third class included four genes as ZmPIN2， ZmPIN5a， ZmPIN5b and ZmPIN10a， which had the highest expression in F phase. To further understand the expression patterns of ZmPIN family genes， we also analyzed the expression patterns of these 14 genes in different tissues and organs. The expression of ZmPIN9 gene was still not detected， which might be due to its extremely low expression level or its expression at a specific location or a specific period. The expression level of ZmPIN5a gene in leaves was the highest. The remaining 12 ZmPIN genes were highly expressed in male inflorescence. These results suggested that ZmPINs should play an important role in the development of reproductive organs， especially in female inflorescence development. The results of this study would provide important information about the function of ZmPIN family genes in the female inflorescence development of maize.

Keywords?Maize; ZmPIN; Female inflorescence; Expression

生長(zhǎng)素是一類重要的植物發(fā)育調(diào)控因子，其代謝和轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)均被證明在植物的器官形成和分化中發(fā)揮重要作用[1]。植物特有的生長(zhǎng)素外運(yùn)載體基因PIN編碼一類膜蛋白，分子遺傳和免疫化學(xué)證據(jù)表明PIN蛋白和生長(zhǎng)素極性運(yùn)輸相關(guān)[2-4]。擬南芥中有8個(gè)PIN基因，其中AtPIN1是最早發(fā)現(xiàn)也是研究最多的PIN家族成員[5]。根端和苗端PIN分布模式的差異暗示PIN通過(guò)組織特異方式調(diào)控生長(zhǎng)素的極性運(yùn)輸。水稻的OsPIN1在生長(zhǎng)素極性轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)中起重要作用[6]。有研究者從玉米中分離鑒定到14個(gè)PIN基因，并對(duì)其基因結(jié)構(gòu)和進(jìn)化關(guān)系等進(jìn)行了分析[7]，但對(duì)其功能研究甚少。ZmPIN1a在各種類型雌花序原基的發(fā)育過(guò)程中均上調(diào)表達(dá)[8]，但其他13個(gè)ZmPIN基因在雌花序發(fā)育過(guò)程中是否起作用尚未見相關(guān)研究。為此，我們對(duì)玉米中該基因家族的14個(gè)成員在不同發(fā)育時(shí)期雌花序中的表達(dá)模式進(jìn)行了分析，以期為全面了解ZmPIN基因家族在雌花序發(fā)育過(guò)程中的生物學(xué)功能提供新的信息。