建筑設(shè)計(jì)：庫爾特內(nèi)·克里南，基爾·馬斯塔林斯基，丹尼爾·尼德，斯科特·塞林，利薩·斯特恩

本設(shè)計(jì)是紐約州立大學(xué)布法羅分校建筑與規(guī)劃學(xué)院和剛化金屬公司主辦的競賽的獲獎作品。

“升降機(jī)B”是為一個蜜蜂群落建造的城市棲息建筑，蜂群的巢原本位于紐約州布法羅一座廢棄辦公樓內(nèi)一扇被釘死的窗上。雖然這個項(xiàng)目沒有明確的客戶，卻讓公眾頗為好奇。其原因在于蜂巢的組合方式、它的所在地（一個直到最近還限制開放的場地）以及精心設(shè)計(jì)的形體。這個場地名為筒倉城，是布法羅河畔一處堆積了廢舊谷物升降機(jī)和筒倉的地方。升降機(jī)B象征著這塊場地的環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇。

升降機(jī)B是一個用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)角鋼和鋼管設(shè)計(jì)建造的蜂窩形鋼構(gòu)筑物。它外覆參數(shù)化設(shè)計(jì)的穿孔不銹鋼板，可以保護(hù)蜂巢和觀眾免遭風(fēng)雨，且能在冬季吸收太陽的熱量，夏季提供遮陽。蜜蜂住在一個六邊形的柏木箱里，底面為夾層玻璃，人們可由此進(jìn)行觀察。

這個“蜜蜂艙”具有防護(hù)和保溫的功能，并將蜜蜂與人的入口分開。參觀者可以進(jìn)入塔中，站在柏木蜜蜂艙下仰望玻璃上面的蜂巢，觀察蜜蜂筑巢的過程，類似于螞蟻農(nóng)場。養(yǎng)蜂人如果要開箱操作，需要將其降下來，這能保證蜜蜂的健康和安全。這種構(gòu)造也能方便學(xué)生小組參觀，鼓勵孩子們?nèi)ソ嚯x觀察。

來訪的參觀者包括討論紐約州西部和五大湖自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的學(xué)生小組，以及以升降機(jī)B和周圍場地為題材的成人攝影班。一個附近的自然保護(hù)機(jī)構(gòu)也組織了許多實(shí)地考察來參觀這個項(xiàng)目，并著手制定以蜜蜂和威脅物種的蜂群潰亂為重點(diǎn)的正式教育課程。關(guān)于蜜蜂和場地的說明牌目前正在制作，并將成為筒倉城宏觀再開發(fā)的一部分。

參觀者提出的問題有簡單的也有復(fù)雜的；而若沒有升降機(jī)B這個項(xiàng)目，所有這些問題根本不會有人思考或提出。這清晰地表明，建筑不只有審美和結(jié)構(gòu)方面的用途。在升降機(jī)B的例子中，它促使孩子們?nèi)W(xué)習(xí)，也讓成人去反思他們自以為了解的東西。這也包括建筑師自己，他們不僅為客戶的需求而設(shè)計(jì)，還從中獲得了啟發(fā)，為他們發(fā)聲?！酰ㄉ袝x 譯）

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

2012年春天在布法羅大學(xué)建筑與規(guī)劃學(xué)院設(shè)計(jì)、制造和安裝/Designed, fabricated and installed in the spring of 2012 at the University at Buffalo School of Architecture and Planning.

學(xué)院指導(dǎo)老師/Faculty organisers/advisors: Joyce Hwang,Christopher Romano, Martha Bohm

攝影/Photos: Hive City Design Team, Doug Levere (Fig.1)

1 位于廢棄大樓的原有蜂群/Original honeybees in the abandoned building

2.3 外景/Exterior views

4 安裝現(xiàn)場/Construction site

The design was the winning entry in a competition sponsored by the school and Rigidised Metals Corporation.

Elevator B is an urban habitat for a colony of honeybees that originally occupied a boarded window in an abandoned office building in Buffalo, New York. Although the project was not created for a specific client organisation, it has generated a great deal of public curiosity because of the combination of the colony of honeybees,its location in what was until very recently a restricted-access site, and a well-designed object.The site, Silo City, is a group of largely abandoned grain elevators and silos on the Buffalo River.Elevator B is a symbol of the site's environmental and economic regeneration.

Elevator B is a honeycombed steel structure designed and built utilising standard steel angle and tube sections. It is sheathed in perforated stainless-steel panels that were parametrically designed to protect the hive and its visitors from the wind and allow for both solar gain in the winter and shade in the summer. The bees are housed in a hexagonal cypress box with a laminated glass bottom, through which they can be observed.

This "beecab" provides protection, warmth, and separates entry access between bees and humans.Visitors are able to enter the tower, stand below the cypress bee cab, and look up to view the colony of bees behind glass, similar to an ant farm, as they build their hive. Beekeepers gain access to the hive by lowering it, allowing them to ensure the health and safety of the bees. This feature also caters to the school groups that visit the site, encouraging children to get a close-up view.

Visitors to the site have ranged from school groups discussing the natural ecosystems of Western New York and the Great Lakes, to adult photography classes using Elevator B and the site as a subject. A nearby nature preserve has also led several field trips to the project and is in the process of developing a formal education programme centred on the bees and on colony collapse disorder, which threatens the species.Interpretive signage about honeybees and the site is currently under development and will be part of the larger redevelopment plan for Silo City.

The visitors ask questions that range from the simple to the complex; these are all questions that never would have been wondered or posed in the first place without the project, Elevator B.This is a clear demonstration that architecture can and does do more than serve aesthetic or structural purposes. In the example of Elevator B,it sparks children to learn and adults to reconsider what they thought they knew. This includes the designers themselves, who have not only designed for the needs of their clients but have become inspired to advocate for them.□

5 穿孔不銹鋼板/Perforated stainless-steel panels

評論

何可人：這是個有趣的項(xiàng)目，完美地結(jié)合了建筑學(xué)生的設(shè)計(jì)課題、手工制造和廠家的產(chǎn)品宣傳。設(shè)計(jì)采用最新的數(shù)字技術(shù)，工藝做工精細(xì)，構(gòu)筑物造型美觀，并結(jié)合生態(tài)環(huán)保于教育之中。這里提出的問題是將蜜蜂巢做成升降方式的必要性，一方面可能是為避免其他動物的侵?jǐn)_，更多的是否是為了突出象征物的價(jià)值，同時作為一個標(biāo)志性事件起到激活城市的作用？這種事件性建筑的可持續(xù)性是值得探討的，如果沒有后續(xù)的城市更新，蜂巢和建筑將會面臨什么樣的命運(yùn)呢？

青鋒：破敗的荒廢谷倉會引發(fā)一種歷史的傷感，畢竟它們曾在勒·柯布西耶的《走向新建筑》扮演著時代先驅(qū)的角色。升降機(jī)B被視為整個區(qū)域復(fù)興計(jì)劃的一部分，這是否能夠成功還未可知，但是這個小建筑從某種角度上看，繼承了谷倉曾經(jīng)承擔(dān)的責(zé)任。這是一個利用了新技術(shù)、新材料并且滿足新功能的建筑，但是最珍貴的是，這些新的東西都有合理的目的，而不是像很多所謂的前衛(wèi)建筑那樣只是為了新穎而新穎。對抗時間精神觀念對革新的渴望并不像看起來那么容易，只有那些有著明確目的的人才有足夠的力量，尤其是在這個格外虛無的時代。

6 蜜蜂入口/Entrances for bees

7 轉(zhuǎn)移蜂群/The colony of honeybees are being moved.

8 內(nèi)景/Interior view

Comments

HE Keren: This interesting project perfectly combines the students' work, the hand-made production and the material display. It utilises the parametric design technique in refined details,and the nice-looking structure also works as the educational tactics for ecological protection. The question here is the necessity to place an elevator for beehive. On one hand, it might help to protect the bees from other animals' attack; on the other hand, it emphasises its value of a symbol for urban regeneration. It is debatable for the sustainability of such event structure. If the urban regeneration would not follow, what will be the fate for the beehive and its architecture?

QING Feng: The abandoned silos may evoke a historical melancholy, as Le Corbusier once praised them as the pioneer of modern architecture in his Towards an New Architecture. We are not sure if the regeneration plan of the whole area can succeed or not.Nevertheless, if we concentrate on small structure only,there is a clear continuity between the "pioneering"silo and the new structure. This is a project of new technology, new material and new function. Moreover,the designers had good reasons to use these new elements. There is no pursuit for innovation only for the sake of innovation. It is not easy to resist the zeitgeist of innovation-mania. Only those with de finite purpose had enough strength, especially in the age of nihilism.