張巍
[摘要] 目的 分析多層螺旋CT血管成像對(duì)2型糖尿病足下肢動(dòng)脈病變的診斷效果。方法 選取該院2017年1—6月收治的31例2型糖尿病足下肢動(dòng)脈病變患者,均行雙下肢多層螺旋CT血管成像,在MSCTA檢查后12 h內(nèi)行DSA檢查,掃描從腎動(dòng)脈水平位的主動(dòng)脈到足底,獲取相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)。所有檢查數(shù)據(jù)均選擇該院放射科兩位醫(yī)師對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)、狹窄程度(分三級(jí))、吻合度進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)與綜合評(píng)估。 結(jié)果 采用MSCTA診斷的31例患者圖像質(zhì)量較佳,采集的圖像清晰、分辨率高,且各分支血管狹窄、閉塞經(jīng)造影創(chuàng)建后較清楚,檢出狹窄動(dòng)脈血管節(jié)段411個(gè),經(jīng)DSA檢查共檢出399個(gè),兩種診斷方法對(duì)比差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。經(jīng)MSCTA診斷準(zhǔn)確度、特異度、敏感度、陽(yáng)性預(yù)測(cè)值和陰性預(yù)測(cè)值均較高。結(jié)論 MSCTA診斷結(jié)果清晰與DSA具有相當(dāng)效用,也可以作為臨床診斷糖尿病ASO的評(píng)價(jià)手段,可在臨床廣推應(yīng)用。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 多層螺旋CT血管成像;2型糖尿??;足下肢動(dòng)脈病變;診斷效果
[中圖分類(lèi)號(hào)] R587.1 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 1672-4062(2017)08(b)-0015-02
Diagnosis of Lower Extremity Arterial Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetic foot by Multislice Spiral CT Angiography
ZHANG Wei
Department of Radiology,the People's Hospital of Anyue City, Anyue,Sichuan Province,642350 China
[Abstract] Objective To analyze the diagnostic effect of multi-slice spiral CT angiography on lower extremity arterial disease in type 2 diabetic foot. Methods 31 patients with type 2 diabetic foot lower extremity arterial disease in our hospital from Jancuary to June 2017 were treated with multi-slice spiral CT angiography of the lower limbs, 12 h examination after MSCTA examination, DSA scan from the renal artery level to the foot of the aorta, to obtain the relevant data. All the examination data were selected from two radiologists in our hospital. The data, the degree of stenosis (three grades) and the degree of anastomosis were evaluated and evaluated. Results the MSCTA diagnosis of 31 cases of patients with better image quality, the image is clear, high resolution, and each branch vascular stenosis and occlusion by angiography after the creation of the clear detection of stenosis arteries segment 411, examined by DSA were detected in 399, compared the difference between the two diagnostic methods of no significance(P>0.05). The diagnostic accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of MSCTA were higher. Conclusion the diagnostic results of MSCTA are clear and have considerable effect on DSA, and can also be used as an evaluation tool for clinical diagnosis of diabetes ASO, and can be widely applied in clinical.
[Key words] Multislice spiral CT angiography; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Lower extremity arterial disease; Diagnostic effect
糖尿病足下肢動(dòng)脈病變又被成為下肢動(dòng)脈硬化閉塞癥(ASO),為階段性彌漫病變性疾病,發(fā)病后主要累及膝下動(dòng)脈,臨床表現(xiàn)為:下肢發(fā)涼、麻木,嚴(yán)重者需截肢,嚴(yán)重影響患者生存質(zhì)量[1-2]。隨著CT技術(shù)的不斷成熟,不僅掃面層次增加、圖像也愈加清晰,尤其是多層螺旋CT血管成像(MSCTA)技術(shù),已經(jīng)廣泛應(yīng)用于各類(lèi)醫(yī)院,臨床技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)好[3]。該文選取了該院2017年1—6月間收治的31例2型糖尿病足下肢動(dòng)脈病變患者,行MSCTA針對(duì)并選取了數(shù)字減影血管造影技術(shù)(DSA)檢查作為對(duì)比診斷方法,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。endprint
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
選取該院收治的31例2型糖尿病足下肢動(dòng)脈病變患者,男23例,女8例,年齡26~79(57.3±8.66)歲,糖尿病病程3~26(10.1±6.13)年,其中下肢麻木7例,疼痛12例,趾端發(fā)黑4例,足背動(dòng)脈減弱8例。排除嚴(yán)重心、腎、肝功能不全、碘對(duì)比劑耐受差的患者。
1.2 方法
所有患者均行雙下肢多層螺旋CT血管成像(型號(hào):Lightspeed),患者仰臥位,采用足先進(jìn)方式對(duì)雙下肢掃面,范圍從腎動(dòng)脈水平位的主動(dòng)脈到足底,采用雙筒高壓注射器(型號(hào):Dualshot Alpha)以4 mL/s速度靜脈注入80~100 mL造影劑(型號(hào)碘普羅胺-優(yōu)維顯),并以同樣速度注入40 mL生理鹽水,同時(shí)采用Smart技術(shù)對(duì)造影劑進(jìn)行跟蹤,待達(dá)到120~150 Hu閥值后延10 s行球管掃描,掃描20~40 s獲取相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)。所有患者在MSCTA檢查后12 h內(nèi)行DSA檢查(型號(hào):Angiostarplus),首先行硬膜外麻醉,取臥位,用Seldinger技術(shù)經(jīng)股動(dòng)脈逆行或者順行至病變處,在DSA下置入5F導(dǎo)管,采用雙筒高壓注射器(同上)以4~7 mL/s速度一次性分段注入6~13 mL造影劑(同上),掃描從腎動(dòng)脈水平位的主動(dòng)脈到足底,獲取相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)。所有檢查數(shù)據(jù)均選擇該院放射科兩位醫(yī)師對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)估,診斷患者病情。
1.3 評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
①采用動(dòng)脈造影10分段對(duì)造影各階段進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià);②采用外周血管狹窄分級(jí)法對(duì)采集的數(shù)據(jù)狹窄程度分三級(jí)(Ⅰ級(jí):10%~49%、Ⅱ級(jí):50%~99%;Ⅲ級(jí):閉塞)進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià);③對(duì)兩組數(shù)據(jù)的吻合度進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。
1.4 統(tǒng)計(jì)方法
該文所有數(shù)據(jù)均采用SPSS 20.0統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,計(jì)數(shù)資料行χ2檢驗(yàn),結(jié)果百分比(%)表示,P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2 結(jié)果
采用MSCTA診斷的31例患者圖像質(zhì)量較佳,采集的圖像清晰、分辨率高,且各分支血管狹窄、閉塞經(jīng)造影創(chuàng)建后較清楚,檢出狹窄動(dòng)脈血管節(jié)段411個(gè),經(jīng)DSA檢查共檢出399個(gè),對(duì)比,兩種診斷方法差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。經(jīng)MSCTA診斷準(zhǔn)確度、特異度、敏感度、陽(yáng)性預(yù)測(cè)值和陰性預(yù)測(cè)值均較高,見(jiàn)表1。
3 討論
近年來(lái),隨著我國(guó)人口老齡化的加劇,糖尿病作為主要慢性疾病長(zhǎng)期威脅著我國(guó)局面健康,尤其是隨著生活水平的提升,糖尿病發(fā)病率逐年上升[4]。有研究資料顯示,糖尿病患者的ASO發(fā)病率是正常人的4倍,截止率則高達(dá)5~15倍,可見(jiàn)ASO對(duì)于糖尿病患者的危害性極大,由于ASO發(fā)病機(jī)制復(fù)雜,臨床針對(duì)ASO進(jìn)行治療需要對(duì)患者血管情況進(jìn)行及時(shí)監(jiān)控,為了更好的獲得患者ASO血管情況,推行高效、簡(jiǎn)便的檢查方式臨床價(jià)值顯著。該文研究顯示,采用MSCTA診斷的31例患者圖像質(zhì)量較佳,采集的圖像清晰、分辨率高,且各分支血管狹窄、閉塞經(jīng)造影創(chuàng)建后較清楚,檢出狹窄動(dòng)脈血管節(jié)段411個(gè),經(jīng)DSA檢查共檢出399個(gè),對(duì)比兩種診斷方法差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。經(jīng)MSCTA診斷準(zhǔn)確度、特異度、敏感度、陽(yáng)性預(yù)測(cè)值和陰性預(yù)測(cè)值均較高。
綜上所述,MSCTA診斷結(jié)果清晰與DSA具有相當(dāng)效用,也可以作為臨床診斷糖尿病ASO的評(píng)價(jià)手段,可在臨床廣推應(yīng)用。
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