劉晨晨,李 超,徐兆軍,韓維維,張振玉,王勁松,黃文斌
1.南京醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬南京醫(yī)院(南京市第一醫(yī)院)消化科,江蘇 南京 210006; 2.濟(jì)寧市第一人民醫(yī)院消化科;3.南京醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬南京醫(yī)院(南京市第一醫(yī)院)病理科
瑞巴派特對(duì)雙抗致大鼠胃黏膜損傷的保護(hù)作用及機(jī)制
劉晨晨1,2,李 超1,徐兆軍1,韓維維1,張振玉1,王勁松3,黃文斌3
1.南京醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬南京醫(yī)院(南京市第一醫(yī)院)消化科,江蘇 南京 210006; 2.濟(jì)寧市第一人民醫(yī)院消化科;3.南京醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬南京醫(yī)院(南京市第一醫(yī)院)病理科
目的探討瑞巴派特對(duì)阿司匹林聯(lián)合氯吡格雷(雙抗)引起的胃黏膜損傷的影響及機(jī)制。方法將30只雄性SD大鼠隨機(jī)分為對(duì)照組、雙抗損傷組和瑞巴派特保護(hù)組。雙抗損傷組大鼠給予阿司匹林(10.41 mg·kg-1·d-1)聯(lián)合氯吡格雷(7.81 mg·kg-1·d-1)灌胃,瑞巴派特保護(hù)組大鼠在每次行雙抗灌胃前1 h用瑞巴派特100 mg·kg-1·d-1)對(duì)大鼠進(jìn)行灌胃預(yù)處理,對(duì)照組給予等量的生理鹽水灌胃,連續(xù)14 d;實(shí)驗(yàn)第15天處死所有大鼠,評(píng)估胃黏膜大體及病理損傷情況,應(yīng)用免疫組化法檢測(cè)胃黏膜中VEGF的表達(dá),應(yīng)用Western blotting檢測(cè)胃黏膜中EGF的表達(dá),應(yīng)用TUNEL法檢測(cè)胃黏膜中細(xì)胞的凋亡。結(jié)果與對(duì)照組相比,雙抗損傷組大鼠胃黏膜大體及病理損傷明顯增加,胃黏膜中EGF、VEGF表達(dá)明顯減少(P<0.05),胃黏膜細(xì)胞凋亡顯著增加(P<0.05);與雙抗損傷組相比,瑞巴派特保護(hù)組胃黏膜損傷明顯減輕,胃黏膜中EGF、VEGF表達(dá)明顯增加(P<0.05),胃黏膜細(xì)胞凋亡顯著降低(P<0.05)。結(jié)論瑞巴派特對(duì)雙抗引起的胃黏膜損傷有一定的保護(hù)作用,其機(jī)制可能通過增加胃黏膜中EGF、VEGF的表達(dá)、降低細(xì)胞凋亡而促進(jìn)損傷黏膜的修復(fù)。
瑞巴派特;阿司匹林;氯吡格雷;胃黏膜損傷;細(xì)胞凋亡
抗血小板藥物在治療缺血性心腦血管疾病中起重要作用,目前已經(jīng)成為治療心腦血管疾病的基礎(chǔ)用藥。氯吡格雷作為新型噻吩吡啶類藥物,是一種二磷酸腺苷受體拮抗劑,具有較好的抗血小板功效,可顯著減少各類心腦血管疾病缺血事件的發(fā)生[1-2]。臨床中氯吡格雷與阿司匹林合用即雙抗,用于防治經(jīng)皮冠狀動(dòng)脈介入治療(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)患者術(shù)后支架內(nèi)血栓形成和減少缺血事件已經(jīng)成為PCI術(shù)后的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)治療方案。而臨床研究顯示,長(zhǎng)期單獨(dú)服用小劑量氯吡格雷(75 mg/d)出現(xiàn)胃腸道不良反應(yīng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與小劑量阿司匹林(100 mg/d)相似[3], 而二者聯(lián)用引起胃腸道損傷的危險(xiǎn)更大,出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重上消化道出血的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加7.4倍[4-5]。本實(shí)驗(yàn)旨在研究瑞巴派特對(duì)大鼠阿司匹林聯(lián)合氯吡格雷引起的胃黏膜損傷影響,并探討其潛在的機(jī)制。
1.1實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠30只,2個(gè)月齡,體質(zhì)量180~220 g,由南京醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬南京醫(yī)院動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)中心提供,動(dòng)物使用許可證號(hào):SYXK(蘇)2009-0015,飼養(yǎng)于南京醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬南京醫(yī)院動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)中心:溫度(24±2)℃,濕度(55±5)%,噪音<50 db,12 h一次白天-黑夜循環(huán),平衡飼料分籠飼養(yǎng),每籠6只,自由飲水。
1.2藥物與試劑瑞巴派特購(gòu)自湖北康寶泰精細(xì)化工有限公司,阿司匹林原料藥購(gòu)自山東新華制藥股份有限公司,硫酸氯吡格雷購(gòu)自北京諾德恒信化工技術(shù)有限公司,以上藥物均溶于生理鹽水中,經(jīng)過超聲乳化后制成懸濁液;TUNEL凋亡檢測(cè)試劑盒購(gòu)自德國(guó)Roche公司;VEGF、EGF抗體均購(gòu)自Santa Cruz公司。
1.3實(shí)驗(yàn)方法
1.3.1 動(dòng)物分組:將30只大鼠隨機(jī)分為3組:對(duì)照組、雙抗損傷組、瑞巴派特保護(hù)組,每組10只。大鼠適應(yīng)性觀察1周后開始實(shí)驗(yàn),雙抗損傷組給予阿司匹林(10.41 mg·kg-1·d-1)聯(lián)合氯吡格雷(7.81 mg·kg-1·d-1)灌胃(灌胃劑量參照人類長(zhǎng)期口服劑量折算成大鼠口服劑量),瑞巴派特保護(hù)組先給予瑞巴派特灌胃進(jìn)行預(yù)處理,1 h后再給予雙抗進(jìn)行灌胃,對(duì)照組大鼠給予等量的生理鹽水進(jìn)行灌胃,每日清晨1次,持續(xù)14 d;除禁食期間,大鼠均給予正常飲食。所有大鼠于末次灌胃后,禁食不禁水18 h后在質(zhì)量濃度為100 g/L的水合氯醛腹腔麻醉下處死,取出胃組織,觀察胃黏膜損傷情況,采集標(biāo)本,進(jìn)行各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)的檢測(cè)。
1.3.2 標(biāo)本處理:打開腹腔分離胃周圍的血管及組織,在食管末端及十二指腸上端將胃結(jié)扎后取出,之后沿胃大彎切開,用冷生理鹽水沖洗并用濾紙擦干,觀察胃黏膜損傷情況,留取大體照片;將一部分胃黏膜用質(zhì)量濃度為40 g/L的甲醛溶液固定后行石蠟包埋切片、HE染色;將另一部分胃黏膜組織凍存于-80 ℃保存待用。
1.3.3 胃黏膜損傷指數(shù)判定:根據(jù)GUTH等[6]標(biāo)準(zhǔn)累積計(jì)算損傷指數(shù)(lesion index,LI):斑點(diǎn)樣損傷,1分;損傷直徑(長(zhǎng)度)<1 mm,2分;損傷直徑(長(zhǎng)度)1~2 mm,3分;損傷直徑(長(zhǎng)度)2~4 mm,4分;損傷直徑(長(zhǎng)度)>4 mm,5分;寬度>2 mm的損傷積分值×2。
1.3.4 病理學(xué)觀察:胃組織經(jīng)質(zhì)量濃度為40 g/L中性甲醛固定24 h,經(jīng)常規(guī)脫水、透明、石蠟包埋切片,HE染色,光鏡下進(jìn)行觀察;光鏡下胃黏膜損傷的程度判斷[7],按照黏膜損傷的程度分為0~Ⅳ級(jí),0級(jí):黏膜組織完好無缺損,偶見極少數(shù)上皮細(xì)胞脫落;Ι級(jí):黏膜上皮細(xì)胞損傷,胞質(zhì)有空泡,腫脹,核固縮或細(xì)胞破碎,有部分上皮細(xì)胞脫落,但胃小凹無損傷;Ⅱ級(jí),除了黏膜上皮細(xì)胞廣泛損傷外,胃小凹也有破壞,損傷區(qū)附件可有毛細(xì)血管充血,但胃腺細(xì)胞無損傷;Ⅲ級(jí),胃腺細(xì)胞損傷,可見腺細(xì)胞的胞質(zhì)有空泡,核固縮,或有整層的壞死上皮細(xì)胞脫落,使固有層和腺細(xì)胞直接暴露于胃腔,并可見輕微出血;Ⅳ級(jí),損傷深入腺體,并有部分腺體壞死脫落,整個(gè)胃黏膜廣泛出血。
1.3.5 原位末端標(biāo)記(TUNEL)法檢測(cè)胃黏膜上皮細(xì)胞凋亡:石蠟切片經(jīng)常規(guī)脫蠟、水化,蛋白酶K、37 ℃消化30 min,質(zhì)量濃度為3 g/L的H2O2-甲醇溶液室溫下作用10 min,質(zhì)量濃度為1 g/L的Triton X-100,冰上作用2 min,滴加50 μl反應(yīng)混合液,37 ℃孵育60 min (此時(shí)可在熒光顯微鏡下觀察,拍照記錄),滴加50 μl過氧化物酶(POD),37 ℃作用30 min,二氨基聯(lián)苯胺(DAB)室溫顯色10 min,常規(guī)脫水、透明、中性樹膠封片。每例觀察5個(gè)視野共500個(gè)細(xì)胞核,以每百個(gè)有核細(xì)胞中的陽性細(xì)胞數(shù)比例作為凋亡指數(shù),TUNEL染色陽性物質(zhì)顯示為棕黃色[8]。
1.3.6 VEGF免疫組化染色:采用Envision法,石蠟切片脫蠟至水,蛋白酶E 37 ℃ 10 min消化,PBS沖洗,加VEGF抗體4 ℃過夜,PBS沖洗,加Envision二抗37 ℃ 30 min,PBS沖洗,DAB顯色,鏡下控制顯色時(shí)間,蘇木精復(fù)染、脫水、透明、樹膠封片。染色的結(jié)果判斷參照BROWN等[8]的方法并稍作修改,在200倍鏡下觀察5個(gè)視野,每個(gè)視野隨機(jī)觀察100個(gè)細(xì)胞,染色強(qiáng)度:無著色,0分;淡黃色,1分;棕黃色,2分;棕褐色,3分;染色細(xì)胞陽性數(shù):<5個(gè)/視野,0分;5~25個(gè)/視野,1分;26~50個(gè)/視野,2分;>50個(gè)/視野,3分;染色強(qiáng)度和陽性細(xì)胞數(shù)兩項(xiàng)得分相加,0分,陰性(-);1~3分,弱陽性(+);4~5分,中度陽性(++);6分,強(qiáng)陽性(+++)。每張切片由2名病理醫(yī)師分別計(jì)數(shù),計(jì)數(shù)差10%以上則重新計(jì)數(shù)。
1.3.7 Western blotting分析:取約100 mg胃黏膜組織,加入蛋白裂解液,4 ℃裂解,14 000 r/min離心15 min,取上清為全蛋白提取物;將蛋白提取物與蛋白上樣緩沖液混合,煮沸5 min,分裝保存于-80 ℃冰箱;進(jìn)行SDS-PAGE凝膠電泳、轉(zhuǎn)膜,封閉后加入一抗4 ℃過夜;再加入辣根過氧化物酶標(biāo)記的二抗,孵育后ECL法顯色于X光片后照相,使用Image J 1.44p軟件分析處理。
2.1大體觀察實(shí)驗(yàn)過程中雙抗損傷組及瑞巴派特保護(hù)組大鼠各死亡1只,解剖后發(fā)現(xiàn)氣管穿孔,對(duì)照組無大鼠意外死亡,對(duì)照組大鼠胃黏膜均未見明顯損傷,損傷指數(shù)為0;雙抗損傷組胃黏膜損傷明顯,可見胃黏膜多發(fā)條索狀充血糜爛,并可見新鮮出血灶,散在淺潰瘍伴糜爛,損傷指數(shù)2.778±1.093;瑞巴派特保護(hù)組大體情況明顯好轉(zhuǎn),可見黏膜輕微紅腫,散在糜爛點(diǎn),偶見淺潰瘍,損傷指數(shù)1.000±0.707。與對(duì)照組相比,雙抗損傷組大鼠大體評(píng)分明顯升高(P<0.05);給予瑞巴派特處理后,大體評(píng)分明顯降低(P<0.05,見圖1)。
圖1 各組大鼠胃黏膜大體情況 A:對(duì)照組;B:雙抗損傷組;C:瑞巴派特保護(hù)組Fig 1 Gastric mucosal lesions in each group A: control group; B: Aspirin combined with Clopidogrel injury group; C: Rabamipide pretreatment group
2.2胃黏膜病理學(xué)變化對(duì)照組大鼠胃黏膜上皮結(jié)構(gòu)完整,腺體排列緊密,形態(tài)正常,未見潰瘍及糜爛等損傷,病理評(píng)級(jí)為0級(jí);雙抗損傷組胃黏膜部分上皮細(xì)胞脫落,組織結(jié)構(gòu)損傷明顯,可見胃腺體壞死,可見大量炎性細(xì)胞浸潤(rùn),病理評(píng)級(jí)2.667±1.000;瑞巴派特保護(hù)組大鼠胃黏膜損傷明顯減輕,可見黏膜散在少量點(diǎn)狀充血灶,偶見點(diǎn)狀糜爛,偶見少量胃腺體細(xì)胞壞死,可見少量炎性細(xì)胞浸潤(rùn),病理評(píng)級(jí)1.000±0.707。與對(duì)照組相比,雙抗損傷組病理學(xué)評(píng)級(jí)明顯升高,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05,見圖2);給予瑞巴派特處理后,病理評(píng)級(jí)明顯降低,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05,見圖2)。
圖2 各組大鼠胃黏膜鏡下形態(tài) (HE 100×) A:對(duì)照組;B:雙抗損傷組;C:瑞巴派特保護(hù)組Fig 2 Histological changes in each group (HE 100×) A: control group; B: Aspirin combined with Clopidogrel injury group; C: Rabamipide pretreatment group
2.3VEGF蛋白免疫組織化學(xué)染色根據(jù)免疫組化的結(jié)果,VEGF蛋白的陽性物質(zhì)主要在細(xì)胞質(zhì)內(nèi),呈粗細(xì)不等、深淺不一的棕色顆粒,對(duì)照組中呈現(xiàn)高表達(dá),強(qiáng)陽性率為60.0%(6/10),表達(dá)評(píng)分5.30±1.059;雙抗損傷組胃黏膜中少量表達(dá),強(qiáng)陽性率為22.22%(2/9),表達(dá)評(píng)分3.33±1.732;瑞巴派特保護(hù)組中呈弱表達(dá),強(qiáng)陽性率44.44%(4/9),表達(dá)評(píng)分5.00±1.118;雙抗損傷組表達(dá)均低于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),瑞巴派特保護(hù)組表達(dá)高于雙抗損傷組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)(見圖3)。
圖3 各組大鼠胃黏膜VEGF的表達(dá)(200×) A:對(duì)照組;B:雙抗損傷組;C:瑞巴派特保護(hù)組Fig 3 The expression of VEGF detected by immunohistoche-mistry method (200×) A: control group; B: Aspirin combined with Clopidogrel injury group; C: Rabamipide pretreatment group
2.4TUNEL檢測(cè)各組大鼠胃黏膜上皮細(xì)胞凋亡凋亡細(xì)胞中棕黃色陽性物質(zhì)主要位于細(xì)胞核內(nèi),表現(xiàn)為濃縮的核質(zhì)緊貼于核膜或核質(zhì)呈均勻染色。對(duì)照組大鼠胃黏膜中凋亡細(xì)胞較少,主要位于表面上皮內(nèi),呈散在分布,凋亡指數(shù)為6.00±1.826;雙抗損傷組中大鼠胃黏膜中凋亡細(xì)胞較多,黏膜細(xì)胞全層均有顯色,呈彌漫分布,凋亡指數(shù)24.44±4.876;瑞巴派特保護(hù)組大鼠胃黏膜中有少量凋亡細(xì)胞,在黏膜全層均可見到,多數(shù)為彌漫性分布,少數(shù)為散在分布,凋亡指數(shù)為18.11±1.833;雙抗損傷組凋亡指數(shù)顯著高于對(duì)照組,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),瑞巴派特保護(hù)組凋亡指數(shù)低于雙抗損傷組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05,見圖4)。
圖4 各組大鼠胃黏膜上皮細(xì)胞凋亡情況(200×) A:對(duì)照組;B:雙抗損傷組;C:瑞巴派特保護(hù)組Fig 4 The gastric epithelial cell apoptosis of the rats tested by TUNEL assay (200×) A: control group; B: Aspirin combined with Clopidogrel injury group; C: Rabamipide pretreatment group
2.5Westernblotting檢測(cè)大鼠胃黏膜中EGF的表達(dá)與對(duì)照組相比,雙抗損傷組EGF表達(dá)量均顯著減少(P<0.05),而瑞巴派特保護(hù)組中EGF的表達(dá)明顯高于雙抗損傷組(P<0.05,見圖5~6)。
圖5 各組大鼠胃黏膜EGF的表達(dá) 1:對(duì)照組;2:雙抗損傷組;3:瑞巴派特保護(hù)組Fig 5 Expression of EGF in gastric tissues of rats detected by Western blotting 1: control group; 2: Aspirin combined with Clopidogrel injury group; 3: Rabamipide pretreatment group
注:與雙抗損傷組比較,*P<0.05;與對(duì)照組比較,#P<0.05。圖6 各組EGF的表達(dá)情況Fig 6 EGF expression/β-actin in each group
自1997年美國(guó)FDA批準(zhǔn)氯吡格雷用于新發(fā)中風(fēng)、心梗、周圍血管病已10余年,氯吡格雷在防治血栓事件中有很好的療效。阿司匹林具有良好的解熱、鎮(zhèn)痛、抗炎、抗風(fēng)濕、抗血小板等功效,一直廣泛應(yīng)用于臨床,但長(zhǎng)期服用阿司匹林會(huì)引起明顯的胃腸道損傷。研究顯示,單獨(dú)服用氯吡格雷(75 mg/d)與單獨(dú)服用小劑量阿司匹林(100 mg/d)引起的胃腸道損傷相似[3],而二者聯(lián)用引起胃腸道損傷的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)明顯增加,出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重上消化道出血的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加7.4倍[4-5]。PPI和H2RA對(duì)NSAIDs引起的胃和十二指腸損傷效果明顯,但長(zhǎng)期服用PPI或H2RA可引起小腸菌群的過度生長(zhǎng)(SIBO)和膽汁酸代謝的紊亂等消化道改變,進(jìn)而加重腸道損傷[9-11],目前臨床中尚無理想的防治雙抗引起的胃黏膜損傷的藥物。
瑞巴派特是常用的胃黏膜保護(hù)劑,可以促進(jìn)消化道潰瘍的愈合、提高黏膜愈合質(zhì)量、減少潰瘍復(fù)發(fā),臨床中常與抑酸劑聯(lián)用來治療胃和十二指腸潰瘍、胃炎等;瑞巴派特主要通過降低超氧化物產(chǎn)量、抑制髓過氧化物酶的活性等而產(chǎn)生作用,可增加黏液分泌、刺激前列腺素的產(chǎn)生,具有抗炎、清除氧自由基的作用[12]。FUJIMORI等[13]與NIWA等[14]在臨床研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)瑞巴派特對(duì)雙氯芬酸引起的小腸損傷有一定的防治作用,可以顯著抑制小腸黏膜的炎癥反應(yīng);研究顯示,云母可以防治大鼠中雙氯芬酸引起的小腸損傷,可能是通過增強(qiáng)了黏膜屏障和增加了EGF的表達(dá)[15]。
本研究參照了張秋瓚等[16]的造模方法,實(shí)驗(yàn)過程中雙抗損傷組及保護(hù)組大鼠因灌胃時(shí)誤入氣管各死亡1只,解剖后發(fā)現(xiàn)大鼠氣管穿孔,對(duì)照組大鼠未出現(xiàn)意外死亡;實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,雙抗損傷組大鼠胃黏膜大體及病理損傷明顯,而保護(hù)組大鼠胃黏膜大體及病理損傷明顯好轉(zhuǎn)。因此,我們認(rèn)為,雙抗對(duì)大鼠胃黏膜有損傷作用,而瑞巴派特則可以顯著改善這種損傷。
正常情況下,胃黏膜細(xì)胞凋亡與增殖處于動(dòng)態(tài)平衡,當(dāng)這一平衡紊亂時(shí)會(huì)引起胃黏膜完整性破壞從而導(dǎo)致疾病發(fā)生[17],研究[18-20]提示,多種原因引起的胃黏膜細(xì)胞凋亡是胃潰瘍等損傷的基本病理改變。本研究采用TUNEL檢測(cè)各組大鼠胃黏膜凋亡指數(shù),以評(píng)價(jià)胃黏膜上皮細(xì)胞的凋亡情況,結(jié)果顯示,雙抗損傷組大鼠胃黏膜上皮細(xì)胞凋亡指數(shù)較對(duì)照組明顯升高,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,而瑞巴派特保護(hù)組較損傷組,胃黏膜上皮細(xì)胞凋亡指數(shù)明顯降低,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義;因此,我們認(rèn)為,阿司匹林聯(lián)合氯吡格雷會(huì)引起大鼠胃黏膜上皮細(xì)胞的凋亡,而瑞巴派特則可以減緩胃黏膜上皮細(xì)胞的凋亡。
EGF是一種可以促進(jìn)細(xì)胞增殖、分化和黏膜修復(fù)的重要因子,在維持黏膜完整性方面具有重要作用[21]。EGF通過促進(jìn)DNA、RNA及蛋白質(zhì)的合成而加速組織損傷的修復(fù)過程;VEGF又稱血管滲透因子,可以通過特異性受體作用于血管內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞,具有促進(jìn)血管再生、黏膜上皮細(xì)胞及肉芽組織增生,維持黏膜完整性的作用,是目前已知的作用最強(qiáng)和特異性最高的血管生成促進(jìn)因子。VEGF 主要通過調(diào)節(jié)各種胃黏膜保護(hù)因子和破壞因子之間的平衡而修復(fù)黏膜[22]。VEGF在胃黏膜保護(hù)中起雙重作用,既通過增加微血管通透性稀釋胃內(nèi)有害物質(zhì),又可以通過刺激腺體和血管生成促進(jìn)黏膜損傷的修復(fù)。本實(shí)驗(yàn)中,應(yīng)用雙抗灌胃后,采用Western blotting檢測(cè)胃黏膜中EGF的表達(dá),采用免疫組化檢測(cè)VEGF的表達(dá);結(jié)果顯示,與對(duì)照組相比,雙抗損傷組EGF、VEGF表達(dá)明顯減少,瑞巴派特保護(hù)組EGF、VEGF表達(dá)較雙抗損傷組增加,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。因此,我們認(rèn)為雙抗引起的胃黏膜損傷部分通過抑制EGF及VEGF的表達(dá)而實(shí)現(xiàn),而瑞巴派特則可以明顯增加EGF及VEGF的表達(dá),進(jìn)而促進(jìn)了胃黏膜損傷的修復(fù)。
基于此,本實(shí)驗(yàn)認(rèn)為,瑞巴派特對(duì)阿司匹林聯(lián)合氯吡格雷引起的胃黏膜損傷有一定的保護(hù)作用,至少部分是通過抑制胃黏膜上皮細(xì)胞的凋亡、增加EGF及VEGF的表達(dá)而促進(jìn)雙抗引起的胃黏膜損傷修復(fù);本研究?jī)H對(duì)瑞巴派特對(duì)阿司匹林聯(lián)合氯吡格雷引起的胃黏膜損傷的保護(hù)作用進(jìn)行了初步探討,其具體的、更加深入的機(jī)制仍需要進(jìn)一步的研究來證實(shí)。
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ProtectiveeffectandmechanismofRabamipideondualantiplateletdrugsinducedgastricinjuryinrats
LIU Chenchen1,2, LI Chao1, XU Zhaojun1, HAN Weiwei1, ZHANG Zhenyu1, WANG Jinsong3, HUANG Wenbin3
1.Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006; 2.Department of Gastroenterology, Jining First People’s Hospital; 3.Department of Pathology, Nanjing First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, China
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect and possible mechanism of Rabamipide on gastric injury induced by Aspirin combined with Clopidogrel in rats.MethodsThirty male SD rats were randomized into three groups: control group, Aspirin combined with Clopidogrel injury group and Rabamipide pretreatment group. Rats of Aspirin combined with Clopidogrel injury group were gavaged with Aspirin (10.41 mg·kg-1·d-1) and Clopidogrel (7.81 mg·kg-1·d-1) once daily for a continuous period of 14 days. Rats of rabamipide pretreatment group were gavaged with Rabamipide 1 hour once daily before given the same administration with the injury group. After 14 days administration, all rats were executed, and gastric mucosal lesion and histological changes were evaluated. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the distribution and expression of VEGF. The gastric epithelial cell apoptosis of the rats was tested by TUNEL assay. The expression of EGF were determined by Western blotting.ResultsGastric mucosal lesions and histological changes in Aspirin combined with Clopidogrel injury group were significantly increased compared with control group, and gastric mucosal lesions and histological changes in Rabamipide pretreatment group were all significantly decreased compared with injury group (P<0.05). The expressions of EGF, VEGF in Aspirin combined with Clopidogrel injury group were all significantly reduced (P<0.05) and cell apoptosis was significantly increased compared with control group (P<0.05); expressions of EGF, VEGF were significantly increased in Rabamipide pretreatment group and cell apoptosis was significantly reduced compared with injury group.ConclusionRabamipide has a protecitve effect on gastric injury induced by Aspirin combined with Clopidogrel in rats, possibly through increasing the expressions of EGF, VEGF and inhibiting cell apoptosis, and thus collectively promotes the healing process of gastric injury.
Rabamipide; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Gastric injuy; Cell apoptosis
南京市醫(yī)學(xué)科技發(fā)展項(xiàng)目(YKK13103)
劉晨晨,碩士研究生,研究方向:胃腸道黏膜損傷與修復(fù)。E-mail:njliucc@163.com
張振玉,主任醫(yī)師,碩士生導(dǎo)師,研究方向:胃腸道黏膜損傷與修復(fù)。E-mail:njzzy808@163.com
10.3969/j.issn.1006-5709.2017.12.016
R573
A
1006-5709(2017)12-1389-06
2017-01-14
李 健)