余愛香

高分作文的重要特征之一就是句式多變，語法活用。因此，考生在寫作時要善于合理升級句式，熟練掌握潤色句子的技能，交叉使用不同句型，增加句子的層次感和多樣化?？忌梢酝ㄟ^以下十大技巧升級句式，寫出高分句子。

一、變成被動句

被動句在英語中使用廣泛，在陳述一個客觀事實時，相對于主動句，使用被動句更能夠增強文章的說服力。

（建議信）I suggest that you should learn and sing Chinese songs.

→升級表達：It is suggested that you should learn and sing Chinese songs.

二、運用倒裝句

倒裝句是一種使句子呈現(xiàn)亮點的方法。在寫作中常見的倒裝句有以下幾種：

1. 以否定詞開頭的部分倒裝。

以never， neither， nor， seldom， rarely， by no means， hardly， scarcely， no sooner， no longer， in no way， in no case， at no time， Not only... but also， No sooner... than， Hardly ... when等否定或半否定詞開頭的句子。

（祝賀信表達高興）I could hardly hold back my excitement when I heard the news that you were admitted to your ideal university.

→升級表達：Hardly could I hold back my excitement when I heard the news that you were admitted to your ideal university.

（感謝信）I will never forget your kindness and generosity.

→升級表達：Never will I forget your kindness and generosity.

（申請信）I not only have a good command of written English， but also I can speak English fairly well.

→升級表達：Not only do I have a good command of written English， but also I can speak English fairly well.

2. 以“Only+狀語”開頭的部分倒裝。

（建議信）You can learn Chinese well only if you could take the above suggestions.

→升級表達：Only if you take the above suggestions， can you learn Chinese well.

3. so/such... that句型中的so/such位于句首時，主句要部分倒裝。

（申請信）I am so interested in this job that I cant wait to apply for it.

→升級表達：So interested am I in this job that I cant wait to apply for it.

4. adj./adv. +as/though+主語+謂語+其它。

（申請信）Though I am very young， I have the confidence that I can handle this job well.

→升級表達：Young as/though I am， I have the confidence that I can handle this job well.

5. if引導的虛擬條件句將were， had， should提前時。

（建議信）If I were you， I would try to read more books and magazines in Chinese.

→升級表達：Were I you， I would try to read more books and magazines in Chinese.

三、運用感嘆句

感嘆句通常用于文章的開頭或結(jié)尾以便活躍文章氣氛，凡是“I feel... ”表達情感類的皆可用感嘆句型轉(zhuǎn)換。

（申請信）I am extremely delighted to learn the news that you need a secretary and I am writing to apply for it.

→升級表達：How delighted I am to learn the news that you need a secretary and I am writing to apply for it.

四、運用強調(diào)句

1. 用do / does / did 強調(diào)一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時的謂語動詞。

（表達希望）I hope you can accept my apology and understand my situation.

→升級表達：I do hope you can accept my apology and understand my situation.endprint

2. 用強調(diào)句型強。

強調(diào)句型“it is/was +被強調(diào)部分+that/who+剩余部分”可以強調(diào)除謂語外的任何句子成分。

（感謝信）Your instructive assistance and professional advice enable me to have the precious chance to study in my ideal university.

→升級表達：It is your instructive assistance and professional advice that enable me to have the precious chance to study in my ideal university.（強調(diào)主語）

五、運用從句

從句主要包括三大從句：名詞性從句，狀語從句和定語從句。

1. 名詞性從句的運用。

名詞性從句主要包括：主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位語從句。其中常見的高級表達方式有：What influences /impresses /surprises /disappoints /troubles sb. is ...

（投訴信）Much to my disappointment， they did not pay any attention to my requirements.

→升級表達：

（1）What disappointed me was that they did not pay any attention to my requirements.（what 引導的主語從句）

（2）The fact that they did not pay any attention to my requirements disappointed me greatly. （同位語從句）

2. 狀語從句的運用。

It was raining hard. We still kept working on the farm.

→升級表達：Although it was raining hard， we still kept working on the farm.（讓步狀語從句）

（2016全國卷III）We can set out early. We will have more time to read and select books.

→升級表達：We can set out early so that we will have more time to read and select books.（結(jié)果狀語從句）

3. 定語從句的運用。

（自我介紹）I am Li Hua and in charge of the English Club in our school.

→升級表達：I am Li Hua， who is in charge of the English Club in our school.

（2013全國卷I）I have asked my uncle to bring you the Chinese painting. Youve asked for it before.

→升級表達：I have asked my uncle to bring you the Chinese painting（that/which）youve asked for before.

六、運用it 句型

it 在句子中充當形式主語或形式賓語，代替真正的主語或賓語。

1. it 作形式主語。

（1）It is +adj./n. +（for sb.）to do sth. /that從句

it is necessary /important /vital... ， it is a great pity /shame...

（2）It is +過去分詞+that從句

it is said /believed /well-known /acknowledged /suggested that...

（道歉信）I missed such a precious chance. It was a great pity.

→升級表達： It was a great pity that I missed such a precious chance.

2. it作形式賓語。

主語+find /consider /feel /regard /make +it + adj./n. + （for sb.） to do/doing sth./that從句。

1.（申請信）I can speak English fluently， so I find to communicate with foreigners very easy.

→升級表達： I can speak English fluently， so I find it very easy to communicate with foreigners.

2.（建議信）I think that you take part in the class discussion very important.

→升級表達： I think it very important that you take part in the class discussion.endprint

七、運用虛擬語氣

虛擬語氣用于說話人表達并不是事實的情況，作用是表達假設、愿望、懷疑和推測。

（感謝信） Thanks to your selfless help， I finally made great progress in my English.

→升級表達

①But for/ Without your selfless help， I wouldnt have finally made great progress in my English.

②If it had not been for your help， I wouldnt have finally made great progress in my English.

（2008全國卷建議信）You should make more Chinese friends to improve your Chinese.

→升級表達：If I were you， I would make more Chinese friends to improve my Chinese.

（投訴信）It is time for you to take measures to deal with these problems.

→升級表達： It is（high）time that you should take /took measures to deal with these problems.

八、運用分詞結(jié)構(gòu)

1. 分詞作定語。

（求助信）I am confronted with some serious problems which trouble me a lot.

→升級表達： I am confronted with some serious problems troubling me a lot.

2. 分詞作狀語。

（求助信）Because I have been faced with the above problems， I am writing to ask for your assistance.

→升級表達： Having been faced with the above problems， I am writing to ask for your assistance.

2.（申請信）I am an out-going person， so it makes it easier for me to get along well with others.

→升級表達： I am an out-going person， making it easier for me to get along well with others.

九、插入語的使用

適當加一些插入語也可以豐富句式，寫出新意。一些短句、副詞、介詞、分詞短語或者動詞不定式都可以放到句子中充當語氣較弱的插入語。常用插入語有： I am sure， I hope， I guess， I think， whats more， whats worse， what is important， luckily， undoubtedly， obviously， hopefully， by the way， in short， generally speaking， to tell you the truth， to be honest等等。

（建議信）I hope the above suggestions will be of great help to you.

→升級表達The above suggestions， I hope， will be of great use to you.

This activity can help students cultivate their awareness of cooperation and have a further understanding of Chinese traditional culture.

→升級表達This activity can help students cultivate their awareness of cooperation and， more importantly， have a further understanding of Chinese traditional culture.

十、運用With 結(jié)構(gòu)

（2015全國卷II） As the Double Ninth Day is drawing closer/approaching， we are scheduled to visit the Nursing Home on that day.

→升級表達：With the Double Ninth Day drawing closer /approaching， we are scheduled to visit the Nursing Home on that day.

牛刀小試：按要求升級下列句子。

1.（2017全國卷I）I will give the lesson from 9：00 a.m. to 11：30 a.m. next Sunday in the classroom 201.

→（用被動語態(tài)）_________________________________endprint

2.（感謝信）I could adapt to the American life quickly because of your selfless help.

→（用虛擬語氣）_________________________________

→（用with 結(jié)構(gòu)）_________________________________

→（用強調(diào)句）___________________________________

3.（2017全國卷I）As we know， Tang Poetry is one of the Chinese precious traditional cultural relics and also has a far-reaching effect on the cultural development in the world.

→（用not only...but also倒裝）______________________

→（用非限制性定語從句）_________________________

→（用同位語）___________________________________

4.（2017全國卷II）I am sure that the paper-cutting exhibition will leave a wonderful impression on you.

→（插入語）_____________________________________

5.（2017全國卷III）The sport of table tennis can not only prevent us students from getting short-sighted， but it can also help us keep physically and mentally healthy.

→（用倒裝句）___________________________________

6.（2016全國卷II）Our school photography club is going to hold an International Photography Show. The theme of the show is environmental protection.

→（用定語從句合并）_____________________________

→（用with結(jié)構(gòu)合并）_____________________________

7.（2016全國卷III）I feel awfully sorry to tell you that I cant go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.

→（用感嘆句）___________________________________

8.（2017年全國卷II）Now I am glad to tell you there will be a Chinese paper-cutting exhibition which is held by our school.

→（用非謂語）___________________________________

9.（求職信）I have rich experience of social practice and great communicative competence， so I firmly believe that I can be qualified for the job.

→（用分詞作狀語）_______________________________

→（用with 結(jié)構(gòu)）_________________________________

10.（感謝信）You are very kind and generous to help me a lot during my stay in Almeria.

→（用it 作形式主語）_____________________________

11.（2012全國卷II生日聚會）At first， we will light the candles and sing the song“Happy Birthday”together for him. After that， we will enjoy the birthday cake and have fun together.

→（用被動語態(tài)，定語從句改寫句子）_______________

_____________________________________________________

12.（2016全國卷III） It is a great pity that I cant go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.

→（用感嘆句）___________________________________

參考答案：

1.（用被動語態(tài)）The lesson will be given from 9：00 a.m. to 11：30 a.m. next Sunday in the classroom 201.endprint