梁涼
7月9日,浙江歌舞劇院、浙江交響樂(lè)團(tuán)聯(lián)合創(chuàng)排的民族歌劇《青春之歌》開排,并將于9月中旬在杭州首演。日前,該劇已被文化部列入“中國(guó)民族歌劇傳承發(fā)展工程重點(diǎn)扶持劇目”,被浙江省委宣傳部、浙江省文化廳列入2017年度重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目,成為浙江獻(xiàn)禮十九大的重點(diǎn)劇目。
用歌劇演繹半個(gè)世紀(jì)前的“青春小說(shuō)”
此劇匯聚了浙歌最優(yōu)秀的演員,還特邀了國(guó)內(nèi)一線歌劇主創(chuàng)團(tuán)隊(duì)加盟。導(dǎo)演是中國(guó)名導(dǎo)張曼君。張曼君曾獲得戲劇梅花獎(jiǎng)、中宣部“五個(gè)一工程”獎(jiǎng)、文華大獎(jiǎng)、文華導(dǎo)演獎(jiǎng)。采茶歌舞劇《山歌情》、京劇《馬前潑水》、昆曲《一片桃花紅》、歌劇《八月桂花遍地開》等名作都出自她手。編劇是中國(guó)首位“歌劇、音樂(lè)劇文學(xué)創(chuàng)作與研究”專業(yè)方向的碩士研究生趙玎玎;作曲吳小平是文化部?jī)?yōu)秀專家,作曲潘磊曾擔(dān)任過(guò)上百臺(tái)舞劇、話劇、交響樂(lè)的作曲。舞美由著名設(shè)計(jì)師修巖擔(dān)綱。燈光設(shè)計(jì)是赫赫有名的“燈光詩(shī)人”周正平。
浙歌優(yōu)秀青年歌唱家鄭培欽扮演林道靜,薛雷扮演盧嘉川,段永明扮演余永澤,嚴(yán)圣民扮演胡夢(mèng)安,唐琳扮演王曉燕?!白鳛橐粋€(gè)有著60年歷史的歌舞劇院,擁有自己的原創(chuàng)歌劇,是必須啃下來(lái)的硬骨頭?!睘檎愀璐蛟煲徊吭瓌?chuàng)歌劇,一直是浙歌董事長(zhǎng)王文龍為自己設(shè)立的目標(biāo)。
張曼君是一個(gè)雷厲風(fēng)行的女導(dǎo)演。7月7日剛落地杭州,她就開始進(jìn)劇組排練?!拔覀円?dú)椌邞]地去做一番民族歌劇理想的探討?!睆埪脑挃S地有聲。張導(dǎo)竟然在短短的幾天排練過(guò)程中,自己從頭到尾把她理解中的《青春之歌》全部唱了一遍。每個(gè)角色都有不同的情緒表達(dá)和唱法。
民族歌劇《青春之歌》舞臺(tái)總體上將采取更為新穎的表演形式,突破目前歌劇中較為常見(jiàn)的“只歌不演”的狀態(tài),將歌和演高度融合起來(lái),使之能成為中國(guó)民族歌劇的典型的表現(xiàn)特征。
這部歌劇用全新方式詮釋半個(gè)世紀(jì)前的”青春小說(shuō)”格外令人矚目。
致青春:從長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)到民族歌劇
1958年,著名現(xiàn)代作家楊沫完成了她的代表作、長(zhǎng)篇名著《青春之歌》。1959年又將這部小說(shuō)改編成電影文學(xué)劇本。如今,這部”青春小說(shuō)”又將以民族歌劇的形式見(jiàn)諸于世。
《青春之歌》自1958年出版以來(lái),迄今已發(fā)行五百萬(wàn)冊(cè)以上,成為新中國(guó)最暢銷的長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)之一。在國(guó)外,日本、前蘇聯(lián)、英國(guó)、法國(guó)、阿爾及利亞、巴基斯坦、朝鮮、印尼、希臘等十幾個(gè)國(guó)家有翻譯本出版;在國(guó)內(nèi),也有好幾種少數(shù)民族文字的譯本出版。這部長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)曾經(jīng)風(fēng)靡一時(shí),極大地震撼了廣大讀者,尤其是青少年讀者的心靈,其生命力至今不衰。
文學(xué),是時(shí)代的鏡子、生活的教科書。人民為幸福生活而奮起斗爭(zhēng)。這中間經(jīng)歷了艱難,曲折的道路。在這條不平坦的道路上,黨的燈塔始終照耀著征途上的人們,使他們看到光明,看到未來(lái),看到人類最美好的遠(yuǎn)景。小說(shuō)中這種生活的實(shí)感,無(wú)論過(guò)去,還是今天,都會(huì)觸動(dòng)讀者的心靈,使他們打開自己的思想閘門,去聯(lián)想許許多多值得深思的問(wèn)題。
《青春之歌》塑造了一系列人物形象,無(wú)論是堅(jiān)強(qiáng)勇敢、成熟干練的盧嘉川、江華、林紅、劉姐,或是愛(ài)好幻想、逐漸成長(zhǎng)的林道靜;無(wú)論是單純幼稚、心地善良的王曉燕或是憂國(guó)憂民、浩氣凜然的王教授等,他們都給讀者留下了“美”的印象,使讀者從心底里愛(ài)他們,贊頌他們。相反,對(duì)于自私狹隘、頹廢消極的余永澤,對(duì)于貪生怕死、叛變革命的戴愉,對(duì)于陰險(xiǎn)狡猾、手段毒辣的胡夢(mèng)安等人的鞭撻,也喚起了人們對(duì)“丑”的憎惡。這些都很到位地被吸納到如今的歌劇中。
這部小說(shuō)著力塑造的林道靜這個(gè)典型人物,在我國(guó)文學(xué)畫廊里獨(dú)放異彩,她將永遠(yuǎn)留在讀者的記憶里?!肚啻褐琛芳?xì)致地描寫了林道靜的成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程,這是很有意義的。一個(gè)并非高大完美,卻是真實(shí)可信、有血有肉的知識(shí)分子成長(zhǎng)為革命戰(zhàn)士的典型,深深地教育人們執(zhí)著地去追求光明,永遠(yuǎn)奮進(jìn)。
1959年年初,這部作品又被改編成電影,作為新中國(guó)成立10周年的“獻(xiàn)禮片”公映,取得轟動(dòng)效應(yīng),許多影院24小時(shí)上演;抗日時(shí)期流行的歌曲《五月的鮮花》隨著這部電影的放映,再次流行全國(guó)。謝芳被著名導(dǎo)演崔嵬選中,扮演林道靜而一舉成名,感動(dòng)了中外觀眾,從此步入影壇,成為中國(guó)電影星空中一顆耀眼的明星。
導(dǎo)演張曼君說(shuō),《青春之歌》是充滿理想、激情的紅色經(jīng)典作品,通過(guò)林道靜這一典型形象的塑造和他們那一代人為民族命運(yùn)尋路、揮灑熱血的經(jīng)歷,鮮活具體地體現(xiàn)了“知識(shí)分子是民族脊梁”、“國(guó)之命運(yùn)主要擔(dān)當(dāng)”的話題。該劇在今天,對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興的中國(guó)夢(mèng)仍有著深刻的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。
燃燒吧,穿越時(shí)代的青春
民族歌劇《青春之歌》一號(hào)女主角林道靜由著名青年歌唱家鄭培欽擔(dān)綱。鄭培欽是國(guó)家—級(jí)演員、女高音歌唱家。多年來(lái),她經(jīng)常參加全國(guó)及省、市的大型文藝活動(dòng),并出訪過(guò)美國(guó)、英國(guó)、法國(guó)、德國(guó)、意大利、日本、韓國(guó)、朝鮮等國(guó),進(jìn)行國(guó)際訪問(wèn)演出。
“歌唱是我天性中注定的追求,音樂(lè)是我生命里奔騰的動(dòng)力……”鄭培欽的演唱激情飛揚(yáng)。慶祝建黨90周年之際,在嘉興大劇院舉辦“紅船從這里啟航·中國(guó)紅色經(jīng)典——鄭培欽獨(dú)唱音樂(lè)會(huì)”上,她先后演唱了《紅船從這里啟航》《繡紅旗》《紅梅贊》《十送紅軍》《唱支山歌給黨聽》等17首歌曲,抒發(fā)人民群眾對(duì)黨的真摯感情,弘揚(yáng)了中華民族優(yōu)秀文化,—首首、一曲曲,醉人心扉。
2013年,鄭培欽拍攝了MV《中國(guó)選擇了你》獻(xiàn)禮黨的十八大,并在中央電視臺(tái)音樂(lè)頻道《中國(guó)音樂(lè)電視》播出。鄭培欽志存高遠(yuǎn),情系人民,是—個(gè)有追求的青年歌唱家。
“作為一名歌唱演員,能在有限的藝術(shù)生涯中,唱一出優(yōu)秀的民族歌劇,是我追求的理想?!编嵟鄽J為這部期待已久的歌劇,做了大量前期案頭準(zhǔn)備。從人物塑造,到唱段設(shè)計(jì);從臺(tái)詞表達(dá),到服裝呈現(xiàn),鄭培欽都力求“青春”——一個(gè)女性青春的求知與覺(jué)醒。
在今天這個(gè)時(shí)代,為什么去重溫革命年代的青春故事?鄭培欽常常思考著這個(gè)問(wèn)題?!耙?yàn)榍啻菏呛銣氐?,不管在哪個(gè)年代,青春的理想、激情和脈動(dòng)是一樣的。不管年齡多大,每個(gè)人都有自己寶貴的青春?!睆埪龑?dǎo)演如是說(shuō)。鄭培欽在細(xì)細(xì)閱讀了幾遍小說(shuō)原著后,也深切感悟到無(wú)論小說(shuō)還是歌劇都含有深刻的人生哲理,啟迪人們鄭重地選擇人生的道路。
鄭培欽現(xiàn)已全身心地投入到緊張的歌劇排練中,她想用自己的歌聲與激情點(diǎn)燃那穿越時(shí)代的青春,唱響偉大的中國(guó)夢(mèng)!
在劇中扮演不同角色的歌唱家嚴(yán)圣民和段永明說(shuō),與西洋歌劇不同,民族歌劇《青春之歌》要有更為開放空靈的空間,用歌聲講述中國(guó)的故事,演繹一場(chǎng)中國(guó)青年追求理想之夢(mèng)的旅程。
On July 9, Zhejiang Song & Dance Ensemble and Zhejiang Symphony Orchestra jointly started the rehearsal of . The opera play is scheduled to make its debut in Hangzhou in the middle of September this year.
The opera has been inscribed into a national opera project sponsored and operated by the Ministry of Culture. At the provincial level, the opera is officially recognized as one of the key cultural projects in 2017.
The opera, still in the making, is considered important partly because it is an original opera production created in Zhejiang, though the production crew includes masters from outside the province. The director Zhang Manjun is a theater director of national renown with many top awards for her direction. Zhao Dingding, the scriptwriter of the opera production, is Chinas first graduate who majored in creative writing of operas and musicals. Wu Xiaoping and Pan Lei, two composers of the opera play, were chosen for their artistry and brilliant career records. Wu is an expert working for the Ministry of Culture; Pan has composed for more than 100 dance dramas, dramas and symphonies. Art designer is Xiu Yan. Lighting is masterminded by Zhou Zhengping, nicknamed as “a poet of light”.
Wang Wenlong, president of Zhejiang Song & Dance Ensemble, succinctly explains why the two institutions joined hands in creating a new opera: “As a song and dance ensemble of 60 years, we must have a repertoire of our own. This creation is a must-do.”
The ensemble is as old as , a novel authored by Yang Mo and released in 1958. It portrays a young woman who grows up to fight for the future of the country. It inspired the whole generation of young people back then. More than 5 million copies have been printed since the first edition. Shortly after it hit the market, the novel was translated and distributed in more than ten countries such as Japan, the former Soviet Union, UK, France, Algeria, Korea, Indonesia and Greek. In China, it was also translated into several minority languages. In 1959, it was adapted to a film. It is a unique novel in the history of modern Chinese literature.
The new creation will be something new. Most opera plays emphasize singing. Artists are mostly vocalists. created in Zhejiang will try to be balanced in singing and performing so that it will be different and serve as a landmark for more operatic innovations in the future.
“The opera play will be distancing itself from the traditional western style,” said Yan Shengmin and Duan Yongming, two vocalists of the play. “The play in Chinese style will tell a Chinese story in Chinese voices. It is about a journey young people take in their pursuit of dreams.”
The director Zhang Manjun agrees. In the first few days of the rehearsal, she herself experimented all the arias of the opera in various styles to see how they should best express the sentiments she wanted.
, according to the director, is an opera performance full of ideal and passion. The heroine represents a generation of young people exploring a path to save the nation and find its destiny. The play embodies the idea that intellectuals should be the spine of the nation and should carry the nation on their backs. The production is relevant to the Chinese dream for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.