建筑設(shè)計(jì)：隆格瓦建筑事務(wù)所

斯邁斯特回收中心，奧斯陸，挪威

建筑設(shè)計(jì)：隆格瓦建筑事務(wù)所

1 外景/Exterior view

2 外景/Exterior view

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

客戶/Client: Waste Disposal Authority, Oslo

主持建筑師/Principal Architect: Knut Longva MNAL

設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)/Design Team: Nils K?plin MNAL, Ewan Smith, Michael Nordt?mme

總建筑面積/GFA: 6000m2

材料/Materials: 預(yù)制混凝土構(gòu)件、磚、耐候特種鋼板網(wǎng)/Prefabricated concrete elements, brick, expanded metal sheets of corten steel

造價(jià)/Cost: 170,000,000 NOK

設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間/Design Time: 2011-2013

建成時(shí)間/Completion Time: 2015

攝影/Photos: Ivan Brodey

對(duì)于霜霉病的防治應(yīng)在發(fā)病初期及時(shí)進(jìn)行噴藥治療，可以選用75%的百菌清可濕性粉劑600倍液、40%滅菌丹可濕性粉劑400倍液、70%代森錳鋅可濕性粉劑500倍液、58%甲霜靈錳鋅可濕性粉劑500倍液、40%的乙磷鋁可濕性粉劑200～300倍液進(jìn)行輪換使用，每隔一周左右噴藥一次，噴藥3次左右即可。

斯邁斯特回收中心為人們呈現(xiàn)出一種新的建筑原型。這是一幢將所有廢品處理作業(yè)都置于室內(nèi)的公共服務(wù)設(shè)施。

回收中心是一個(gè)外觀粗獷、無(wú)人工環(huán)境調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)的大廳，其內(nèi)部分為兩部分：一個(gè)是公共空間，另一個(gè)用于回收作業(yè)。在建筑的一端，有一座與之相連的管理和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施用房，其中包含危險(xiǎn)垃圾處理區(qū)、員工更衣室、咖啡廳、辦公室和設(shè)備用房。

鋸齒型的屋頂給建筑的巨大體量做了有節(jié)奏感的劃分。回收大廳的側(cè)立面和后立面大部分被實(shí)墻封閉起來(lái)。面對(duì)環(huán)路的主立面是開(kāi)放的，它由掛接在木膠合板柱之間的多孔金屬板構(gòu)成。

建筑使用中的物流設(shè)計(jì)是設(shè)計(jì)評(píng)估中的一個(gè)重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。當(dāng)?shù)卣目傮w規(guī)劃嚴(yán)格地規(guī)定了建筑的選址和尺寸。關(guān)鍵的設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)之一是最大限度地利用交通流線和公共停車位，從而保證充足的廢品處理和機(jī)械操作空間。大廳內(nèi)有34個(gè)停車位和16個(gè)廢品處理單元。公共區(qū)域被抬升了2m，高于作業(yè)區(qū)之上。廠房外部空間主要由一個(gè)大型貨棧構(gòu)成，用于控制大廳內(nèi)和附近道路上的交通流量并且疏解擁堵。

該項(xiàng)目在環(huán)境保護(hù)方面懷有很大抱負(fù)。建筑由低能耗材料建成。表皮使用了混凝土、磚塊、木膠合板和耐候鋼制成的多孔金屬板。整個(gè)屋頂覆滿了景天屬植物。由人工調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)控制的建筑部分也達(dá)到了歐盟能源標(biāo)簽A級(jí)（黃色）的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。（張?jiān)Ｏ?譯）

3 總平面/Site plan

4 平面/Plan

5 外景/Exterior view

Smestad Recycling Centre represents a new building typology. It is a facility for the public where all waste handling takes place indoors.

The recycling centre is a robust, unclimatised open hall with two distinct areas: one for the public and one for operations. There is an integrated, climatised service and management building at one end, with areas for hazardous waste and maintenance, changing rooms and cafeteria for employees, as well as offices and technical rooms.

The building has a saw-tooth roof that gives the large volume a subdivision and rhythm. The recycling hall's back and sidewalls are predominantly closed. The main fa?ade towards the ring road is open, clad with expanded metal sheets mounted between the columns of laminated wood.

The operational logistics were an important design criteria. The local authority's master plan gave strict limits to the buildings placement and size. It has been important to maximise traffic flow and parking for the public, to ensure sufficient slots for the waste fractions, and to give adequate manoeuvring area for operations. The hall has space for 34 cars without trailer and 16 waste fractions. The public area is raised 2 metres over the operations yard. The outside space consists mainly of a large queue magazine to control traffic flow and avoid congestion both inside the hall and on the adjacent approach roads.

The project has high environmental ambitions. The building is constructed from low impact materials Facades are of concrete, brick, laminated wood and expanded metal of weathering steel. The entire roof is planted with sedum. The climatised part of the building achieves an EU energy label A (yellow).

6 剖面/Section

7 東南立面/Southeast elevation

8 西南立面/Southwest elevation

9 東北立面/Northeast elevation

10 細(xì)部圖/Details drawing

11 內(nèi)景/Interior view

12 外景/Exterior view

13 細(xì)部實(shí)景/Detail view

評(píng)論

周宇舫：如果單看外景照片，我無(wú)法將此建筑與“回收中心”關(guān)聯(lián)起來(lái)，而更像一個(gè)社區(qū)的活動(dòng)中心或社區(qū)圖書館建筑，有一種社區(qū)公共建筑的親切感。當(dāng)知道這是一個(gè)回收中心，其形象似乎與記憶中的“廢品回收站”和國(guó)內(nèi)社區(qū)中類似的公共設(shè)施相去甚遠(yuǎn)，從而竟有幾分質(zhì)疑其是否過(guò)于精致了。當(dāng)然，每一棟建筑都應(yīng)該是精致的，精致也代表了對(duì)于此類建構(gòu)的一種認(rèn)識(shí)，可以被理解為將功能化的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施構(gòu)筑物，轉(zhuǎn)化為一個(gè)尺度宜人、材料人性化的公共建筑。這本身就傳遞了對(duì)于廢品回收的態(tài)度，是人與自然之間的情感關(guān)系，而非簡(jiǎn)單的物質(zhì)取舍，也使其非工業(yè)產(chǎn)品化的形象構(gòu)成了富有人情味的社區(qū)風(fēng)景。

佘依爽：克努特·隆格瓦作為隆格瓦建筑事務(wù)所的創(chuàng)始人1986年畢業(yè)于蘇黎世聯(lián)邦理工學(xué)院，2011年開(kāi)始設(shè)計(jì)的斯邁斯特回收中心應(yīng)該是其事務(wù)所比較重要的階段性項(xiàng)目，在主要的交通流線之上，建筑有種滿足功能性之外的節(jié)奏感。這類垃圾回收站的建筑設(shè)計(jì)是少有人關(guān)注的領(lǐng)域，卻仍舊淋漓盡致地體現(xiàn)出了其特有的韻律和材料細(xì)節(jié)，令人感嘆。

Comment

ZHOU Yufang: If merely looking at the exterior photos, I could not associate this building with a "recycling centre". With a sense of intimacy which most public community buildings bear, it looks more like a community centre or library. When I realised that this is a recycling centre, I thought its appearance is far from those public facilities in our community which pop up in my mind. Therefore, I even began to raise a question like whether it is too delicate. Of course, each building should be refined. This kind of construction also represents the idea that some functional infrastructure can be turned into a standard and pleasant public building, with even humanised materials. Thus, the architectural operation itself conveys the attitude of waste recycling. There is emotional relationship between man and nature and it is more than just a simple material choice. Besides, the non-industrial image of the building makes a landscape in a humane community. (Translated by QI Yiyi)

SHE Yishuang: Knut Longva, as the founder of Longva Arkitekter, graduated from ETH in 1986. Started from 2011, the design of Smestad Recycling Centre should be one of the most important projects for the practice. Apart from its main circulation logic, the building has a kind of rhythm beyond mere functionality. This typology, garbage collection station, is of rare concern in the architectural realm. However, the building vividly reflects its unique rhythm and material details, which is so impressive. (Translated by QI Yiyi)

Smestad Recycling Centre, Oslo, Norway, 2015

Architect: Longva arkitekter

14 內(nèi)景/Interior view