雷霜+黃欣欣+張根華

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

（一）

Chinese New Year， also 1 （know）as Spring Festival in China， is China's most important traditional festival. It is also the most important celebration for families， and a week of official public holiday.

2 there are many interesting legends（傳說）and stories 3 （explain）the start of the Chinese New Year festival， the main reason 4 the festival is to celebrate a year of hard work， have a good rest， and relax with family.

Chinese people believe that a good start to the year will lead to a lucky year. Chinese 5 （tradition） celebrated the start of a new year of farm work， and wished for 6 good harvest. This has now developed into celebrating the start of a new business year and wishing for profits and success in 7 （vary） vocations.

Chinese New Year is a time for families to be together. Wherever they are， people will come home 8 （celebrate） the festival with their families.

The New Years Eve dinner 9 （call）“reunion dinner”， and is believed to be the most important meal of the year. Big 10 （family）of several generations sit around round tables and enjoy the food and time together.

（二）

Tea is 1 important part of Chinese tradition. As Chinese society developed and progressed， tea 2 （produce） has played a role in driving economic （經(jīng)濟(jì)的） development while tea consumption has remained a practice of daily life.

The history of Chinese tea is a long and gradual story of refinement. Generations of 3 （grow） and producers have perfected the Chinese way of manufacturing tea， and 4 （it） unique regional varieties.

The original idea is owe to the legendary （傳說的） Emperor Shennong， 5 is said to have lived 5 000 years ago. A story goes that， one summer day， while 6 （visit） a distant part of his country， he and the court stopped to rest. In accordance with his ruling， the servants began to boil water for the court to drink. 7 （dry） leaves from a nearby bush fell into the boiling water， and a brown substance was infused （浸） into the water. 8 a scientist， the Emperor was interested in the new liquid， 9 （drink） some， and found it very refreshing. And so， according to the legend， tea 10 （create） in 2737 BC.

（三）

Chinese paper cutting has a long history. The 1 （early） paper cutting in China dated back to 1，500 years ago. However， this traditional art is at risk of 2 （disappear） now. 3 （luck）， Voyo Woo， a Chinese immigrant in America， is trying to bring it back to life.

One Saturday in 2014， she 4 （hold） a paper cutting show in Washington. She hoped more people would enjoy the art of paper cutting.

Ms. Woo began to study the art of paper cutting as a 14-year-old girl in her hometown in China. She had a strong passion （熱情） for it. Later， she won the 5 （two） prize in a national painting and art competition. She went to America after she finished college in 2008. After that， she took part in an activity 6 （promote） Chinese paper cutting. And then she 7 （invite） to show the art in many important activities. “It is important to promote this art to Americans or anyone 8 is interested in it.” Woo said.

From the art of paper cutting， people can know about Chinese cultural values， history and 9 （story） of peoples life. Ms. Woo uses the art 10 a tool to show Chinese culture to people in other counties.

（四）

Recently， Pinyin 1 （become） vital to the use of Chinese characters on computer keyboards and cellphones.

Pinyin was not designed 2 （replace） the traditional characters， but to act 3 a supplemental script（文字體系） to bridge the gap. “It has helped students to learn putonghua， the 4 （nation）standard language. Before， I met two Cantonese in foreign countries 5 couldnt communicate— I had to speak English to 6 （they），” Zhou Youguang told The Guardian in 2008. “Without an alphabet you had to learn mouth to mouth， ear to ear. Its a bridge to speech between Chinese people.”

Before turning to the study of language， Zhou 7 （educate） as an economist（經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家）. As the Chinese government aimed to improve the 8 （able） to read and write throughout the country， he was drafted to lead the committee in developing an alphabetic system in 1955.

“I said I was 9 amateur， layman（門外漢）， I couldnt do the job，” Zhou， 10 also contributed to the translation of the Encyclopedia Britannica， told NPR in 2011. “But they said， its a new job， everybody is an amateur. Everybody urged me to change professions， so I did. So from 1955， I abandoned economics and started studying writing systems.”

（五）

The Yellow River is the “mother river of China”. Its basin was the center of Chinese politics， economy （經(jīng)濟(jì)） and culture for over 2，000 years. It is the second-longest river in China and sixth 1 （long） in the world.

Chinese 2 （general） agree that the Yellow River Basin was the cradle（搖籃） of Chinese Civilization. A great amount of information proves that the Yellow River 3 （be） the most prosperous（繁盛的） region in early Chinese history.

The Yellow River is not just 4 river of China， but also the symbol of the Chinese spirit. For thousands of years， the Yellow River has been admired by many great 5 （poet）， artists， and common people. Many poems and songs sing the spirit of Yellow River and Chinese people， Defend the Yellow River （保衛(wèi)黃河）， and Ode to The Yellow River （黃河頌） 6 （include）.

The Yellow River is the most important water resource（資源）for the dry north of China， 7 （play） an irreplaceable role 8 economic development， and agriculture. Since 1960 over 14 dams 9 （construct） on the river for water power， 10 is vital to northern Chinas infrastructure （基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施）.

答案與解析

（一）本文主要介紹了中國(guó)最重要的一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日——春節(jié)。人們?cè)谶@一天和親人們團(tuán)聚共同慶祝這個(gè)節(jié)日。

1. known 因主語(yǔ)Chinese New Year與know之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作狀語(yǔ)。

2. Although/Though 前句與后句之間的關(guān)系為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用Although/Though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。

3. explaining 因?yàn)榫渲械膌egends and stories與explain為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。

4. for 因the reason for sth. （……的原因）是固定搭配。

5. traditionally 修飾動(dòng)詞celebrated用副詞。

6. a 句意為“人們盼望一個(gè)好的收成”，表示“一個(gè)”用不定冠詞。

7. various 修飾名詞vocations，用形容詞various。

8. to celebrate 作目的狀語(yǔ)，用動(dòng)詞不定式to celebrate。

9. is called 主語(yǔ)The New Years Eve dinner與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞call之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)態(tài)；由與之并列的is believed可知，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填is called。

10. families 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是sit，根據(jù)主謂一致原則可知，主語(yǔ)也應(yīng)是復(fù)數(shù)。

（二）本文介紹了中國(guó)茶葉的歷史，神農(nóng)在一次非常偶然的情況下發(fā)現(xiàn)了茶葉，從而開啟了中國(guó)茶文化。

1. an 本句意為“茶是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)中非常重要的一部分”，表示“一”用不定冠詞；又因important以元音音素開始，故填an。

2. production 空格處在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，故用produce的名詞形式，表示“生產(chǎn)”，為不可數(shù)名詞。

3. growers 由and producers可知，意思是“幾代的種植者及制造商們”，表示“種植者”用growers，注意要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

4. its 在名詞varieties前作定語(yǔ)用形容詞性物主代詞。

5. who 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句并在從句中作主語(yǔ)，先行詞為Emperor Shennong，用關(guān)系代詞who。

6. visiting 因主句主語(yǔ)he與visit之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。

7. Dried 表示“干枯的”葉子，用過去分詞作定語(yǔ)。

8. As 句意為“作為一名科學(xué)家，神農(nóng)對(duì)這種新的液體很感興趣”，表示“作為”用as。

9. drank 因與was interested和found并列， 三個(gè)并列的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)一致，都用一般過去時(shí)，故填drank。

10. was created 因tea與create之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；而in 2737BC是表示過去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

（三）本文主要講述了中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)剪紙藝術(shù)文化，以及一位中國(guó)移民Voyo Woo在美國(guó)傳播這種文化。

1. earliest 空格前有定冠詞the，而且根據(jù)上下文的意思可知此處講述的是中國(guó)“最早的”剪紙是追溯到1500年，因此用形容詞最高級(jí)。

2. disappearing 在介詞（of）后作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞通常要用動(dòng)名詞。

3. Luckily 放在句首作狀語(yǔ)，要用副詞形式，表示“幸運(yùn)地”。

4. held 由in 2014可知用一般過去時(shí)，且she與hold是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填held。

5. second 意思是她獲得了二等獎(jiǎng)，故用序數(shù)詞。

6. to promote 不定式作定語(yǔ)。

7. was invited 因she與invite是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；敘述過去的經(jīng)歷用一般過去時(shí)，故用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

8. who 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句并在從句中作主語(yǔ)，先行詞是anyone，故用關(guān)系代詞who。

9. stories 指“人們的生活故事”，根據(jù)常識(shí)生活故事不止一個(gè)，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

10. as 意思是“作為”向其他國(guó)家的人展示中華文化的工具，故填介詞as。

（四）本文是拼音之父周有光在接受采訪時(shí)的一部分講話并體現(xiàn)出了拼音在漢語(yǔ)運(yùn)用中的重要性。

1. has become 由recently可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

2. to replace 表示目的用動(dòng)詞不定式。

3. as 因act/work/ function/ serve as為固定搭配， 譯為“充當(dāng)，擔(dān)任”。

4. national 名詞前作定語(yǔ)要用形容詞。

5. and 連接兩個(gè)并列的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作先后發(fā)生，用and。

6. them 指代上文提到的two Cantonese，作介詞to的賓語(yǔ)，用them。

7. was educated 因主語(yǔ)Zhou與educate是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，又發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

8. ability 作賓語(yǔ)且前面有定冠詞，要用名詞。

9. an 因amateur（業(yè)余愛好者）是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，表示職業(yè)或身份的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前通常用不定冠詞，而amateur又以元音開頭，故填an。

10. who 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句并在從句中作主語(yǔ)，先行詞是Zhou，故用who。

（五）本文介紹了中國(guó)母親河——黃河。黃河流域是中華文明的搖籃，哺育了中華兒女，是中國(guó)最重要的河流之一。

1. longest 表示“第幾長(zhǎng)、大、高”等用最高級(jí)。

2. generally 修飾動(dòng)詞agree，用副詞，表示中國(guó)人普遍認(rèn)為。

3. was 由in early Chinese history 可知用一般過去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)the Yellow River是單數(shù)，故填was。

4. a 句意為“黃河不僅是中國(guó)的一條河，還是中國(guó)精神的象征”，表示”一條河流”，用不定冠詞a。

5. poets 因受many修飾，故要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，并與artists，common people并列。

6. included 兩首歌與include之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作狀語(yǔ)。

7. playing 因主語(yǔ)The Yellow River與play之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。

8. in 因play a role in sth. （在……方面起作用）為固定搭配。

9. have been constructed 由Since 1960可知，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，而主語(yǔ)dams與construct是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

10. which 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句并在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，先行詞是14 dams。

責(zé)任編輯 蔣小青