戚永曄

“問(wèn)君何能爾，心遠(yuǎn)地自偏。采菊東籬下，悠然見(jiàn)南山?！?/p>

悠遠(yuǎn)的意象，抑揚(yáng)頓挫的誦讀，在很多人的心目中，這應(yīng)該是在山水間縱情的抒發(fā)，然而今天，在燈光聚焦的央視演播廳里，在數(shù)千萬(wàn)電視觀眾的聚焦下，被誦讀出來(lái)。

這是一檔綜藝節(jié)目，名叫《中國(guó)詩(shī)詞大會(huì)》。誦讀者是各樣普通人，但他們激發(fā)了大家對(duì)中國(guó)古典文化的情懷，也吸引了許多關(guān)注者的目光。

選手：腹有詩(shī)書(shū)氣自華

作為以背誦中國(guó)古詩(shī)詞為題材的節(jié)目，《中國(guó)詩(shī)詞大會(huì)》的明星，是臺(tái)上角逐的選手。

他們博聞強(qiáng)記、他們心懷唐宋。但“行走的詩(shī)詞庫(kù)”，就是我們推崇他們的原因么？當(dāng)然不是，真正感染人的是詩(shī)歌帶給他們的那種從內(nèi)散發(fā)出的美。

央視《中國(guó)詩(shī)詞大會(huì)》第二季總決賽冠軍、高中學(xué)生武亦姝就是一個(gè)最典型的例子。有媒體稱她：“滿足了網(wǎng)友對(duì)古代才女的所有幻想。”她一身漢服，穿得飄逸出挑，詩(shī)詞儲(chǔ)備豐富，還寫得一手好字。

節(jié)目中，武亦姝常常會(huì)一臉驚訝，不敢相信自己答得那么好，也會(huì)在選手都一時(shí)語(yǔ)塞、不知如何作答時(shí)，能另辟蹊徑。人們喜歡她，不僅僅是喜歡她對(duì)古詩(shī)詞的記誦能力、感悟能力，還喜歡她的性格——通俗來(lái)說(shuō)，就是傳統(tǒng)國(guó)學(xué)的審美標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

初一學(xué)生葉飛，大概是本屆詩(shī)詞大會(huì)年齡最小的選手之一，他擅長(zhǎng)用文言文寫作，小小年紀(jì)就有不俗的詩(shī)詞積累。記者采訪他的知識(shí)背景，更讓人驚訝：兩歲開(kāi)始讀唐詩(shī)，三歲接觸《三字經(jīng)》《弟子規(guī)》。漸漸地，葉飛對(duì)古文書(shū)籍“情有獨(dú)鐘”。

博士生陳更則是選手中學(xué)歷最高的。她工科出身，卻滿腹文才，連續(xù)好幾場(chǎng)都是擂主，誦讀詩(shī)詞時(shí)，總是展現(xiàn)著自信的笑容，臺(tái)風(fēng)鎮(zhèn)定、落落大方。她說(shuō)：“從進(jìn)入燕園的第一天起，我就明白了要不斷成為更美好的自己，同時(shí)不失為自己。”

相比于學(xué)子，農(nóng)民大姐白茹云更能代表大多數(shù)普通百姓。她的出場(chǎng)讓許多人淚流滿面?！扒トf(wàn)擊還堅(jiān)勁，任爾東西南北風(fēng)”，她有強(qiáng)勁的風(fēng)骨、堅(jiān)定頑強(qiáng)的精神，對(duì)詩(shī)詞的熱愛(ài)激勵(lì)著她走向遠(yuǎn)方。

百人團(tuán)中的王海軍也是一樣。他，年過(guò)六旬的老農(nóng)民，只上了四年學(xué)，卻非常熱愛(ài)詩(shī)詞?，F(xiàn)在他擺攤修自行車貼補(bǔ)家用，修車間隙也不忘寫詩(shī)，過(guò)去三年已經(jīng)寫了一千多首古典格律詩(shī)。對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)，詩(shī)就像荒漠中的一抹綠色，能帶給他希望和渴求。

腹有詩(shī)書(shū)氣自華的他們，一起譜寫了詩(shī)詞舞臺(tái)上的傳奇，也點(diǎn)燃了更多人心里對(duì)古典國(guó)學(xué)的火焰。

專家：表達(dá)審美情趣和人生情趣

“一檔綜藝節(jié)目，只是背誦了幾首詩(shī)，真的能代表國(guó)學(xué)嗎？”

這是《中國(guó)詩(shī)詞大會(huì)》播出期間，媒體與網(wǎng)絡(luò)上引發(fā)的最大爭(zhēng)論。有人表示：利用詩(shī)詞進(jìn)行單純的記憶力比拼，割裂了文化的整體意境和深度內(nèi)涵，并不利于詩(shī)詞文化的整體傳承。

針對(duì)這些聲音，中央民族大學(xué)副教授、《中國(guó)詩(shī)詞大會(huì)》點(diǎn)評(píng)嘉賓蒙曼表示：“電視節(jié)目采取比賽形式吸引公眾眼球本身無(wú)可厚非。也正如武亦姝、陳更、張淼淼等選手所說(shuō)：詩(shī)詞不是拿來(lái)比賽的，比賽只是游戲的一種形式。他們?cè)趨①惖倪^(guò)程中，是享受那種‘緊張的氣氛，感受傳統(tǒng)詩(shī)詞的魅力，以及通過(guò)努力看到更美好的自己。”

蒙曼的話語(yǔ)，很能代表《中國(guó)詩(shī)詞大會(huì)》的幕后團(tuán)隊(duì)對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)制作這檔“另類”節(jié)目的初衷。

有人說(shuō)，《中國(guó)詩(shī)詞大會(huì)》之所以能引起共鳴，就是打動(dòng)了中國(guó)人的一顆“詩(shī)心”。跟世界上其他任何民族相比，中華民族是最愛(ài)詩(shī)的民族。《詩(shī)經(jīng)》和《楚辭》作為源頭，唐詩(shī)宋詞作為高峰，一直到現(xiàn)當(dāng)代創(chuàng)作余風(fēng)，中國(guó)人習(xí)慣以詩(shī)來(lái)表達(dá)自己的情感，表達(dá)自己的審美情趣和人生情趣。《中國(guó)詩(shī)詞大會(huì)》第一季節(jié)目的內(nèi)容以唐詩(shī)宋詞為主，集中反映了中華文化的高峰，第二季則拓展了詩(shī)詞的范圍，以更廣的節(jié)目?jī)?nèi)容和更深的意蘊(yùn)擊中了中國(guó)人內(nèi)心最敏感、最柔軟的地方。

蒙曼接受記者采訪時(shí)說(shuō)的一句話很有意思：“我們談傳統(tǒng)文化復(fù)興，‘美是先行，因?yàn)椤啦拍軐?dǎo)出‘善。人們需要精神上的東西，而詩(shī)和其他任何形式相比，是最屬心的。”而這，正是《中國(guó)詩(shī)詞大會(huì)》節(jié)目要達(dá)到的目的。

觀眾：開(kāi)啟國(guó)學(xué)文化之門的鑰匙

《中國(guó)詩(shī)詞大會(huì)》的播出，在觀眾中引發(fā)了一場(chǎng)“國(guó)學(xué)熱”，一時(shí)間，從學(xué)校到社會(huì)；從寫字樓到企業(yè)車間，大家茶余飯后的話題，就是聊聊詩(shī)詞，甚至外國(guó)小伙伴也被這東方的詩(shī)意所折服。

在一個(gè)國(guó)外問(wèn)答網(wǎng)站Quora上，有不少帖子討論“你讀過(guò)最美的中國(guó)詩(shī)歌是什么？”也有學(xué)中文的外國(guó)網(wǎng)友討論分享喜愛(ài)的中國(guó)古詩(shī)詞。網(wǎng)友gndowns說(shuō)：“我最近學(xué)中國(guó)詩(shī)歌覺(jué)得很有意思，研究詩(shī)句和翻譯之類的。大家有沒(méi)有喜歡的詩(shī)歌分享??？”

來(lái)自英國(guó)劍橋大學(xué)的計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)家Silas S. Brown自學(xué)了漢語(yǔ)，還翻譯了徐志摩的《再別康橋》。

國(guó)內(nèi)外觀眾的追捧，是《中國(guó)詩(shī)詞大會(huì)》創(chuàng)作團(tuán)隊(duì)始料未及的。這幾年，國(guó)學(xué)熱的復(fù)興早有苗頭，從2001年開(kāi)始播出的《百家講壇》，到近年來(lái)的《中國(guó)詩(shī)詞大會(huì)》《見(jiàn)字如面》《中國(guó)漢字聽(tīng)寫大會(huì)》《中國(guó)成語(yǔ)大會(huì)》乃至《我在故宮修文物》等電視節(jié)目，形成一股“國(guó)學(xué)熱”的社會(huì)文化潮流。

2016年，閱讀節(jié)目《見(jiàn)字如面》和紀(jì)錄片《我在故宮修文物》，最讓人們?cè)僖?jiàn)傳統(tǒng)文化之美。這批被譽(yù)為“電視界的一股清流”的文化類節(jié)目，激發(fā)起人們對(duì)中華傳統(tǒng)文化熱愛(ài)和感動(dòng)之情。

《見(jiàn)字如面》邀請(qǐng)一批老戲骨朗讀中國(guó)歷史上的優(yōu)秀書(shū)信，猶如打開(kāi)歷史，收獲如潮好評(píng)。蕭紅《有你們，中國(guó)是不會(huì)亡的》、韓愈《祭鱷魚(yú)文》、蔡琴《讓他活在我的歌里吧》、黃永玉《你多么需要他那點(diǎn)草莽精神》、劉慈欣《在時(shí)間之河的另一端》、林徽因《我不愿成為拆散你們的根源》、陳寅恪《此點(diǎn)關(guān)系全部綱紀(jì)精神》、林則徐《本來(lái)皇上還想照顧我》、毛澤東《共產(chǎn)黨要執(zhí)行比平民更加嚴(yán)格的紀(jì)律》……一封封動(dòng)人書(shū)信，讓不少觀眾流淚，感受到人情和漢語(yǔ)的力量。

《我在故宮修文物》則將鏡頭對(duì)準(zhǔn)了故宮的文物修復(fù)師們，他們已經(jīng)存在了幾百年，卻始終不為人知。節(jié)目深入故宮采訪12位文物修復(fù)師，以口述的形式撰寫了12位頂級(jí)文物修復(fù)師對(duì)歷史、對(duì)人生的回顧和感悟。在大時(shí)代的背景下，這群身懷絕技、妙手回春的文物修復(fù)師，默默地固守“冷宮”一隅，日復(fù)一日地打理價(jià)值連城的“國(guó)寶”。

其實(shí)，文物、詩(shī)詞、成語(yǔ)、書(shū)信、漢字都只是提綱挈領(lǐng)的手段，如果觀眾能拋開(kāi)對(duì)錯(cuò)的得失，從節(jié)目中提升興趣，收獲知識(shí)，才是借助這些開(kāi)啟國(guó)學(xué)文化之門的鑰匙，才得以感受那些悠遠(yuǎn)迷人、感天動(dòng)地的歷史場(chǎng)景和意蘊(yùn)之美。

Ancient poetry of China is seeing a big renaissance， as evidenced by a blockbuster ten-episode television programrecently screened from January 29 to February 7 2017 by China Central Television （CCTV）， the countrys biggest television network. The televised competition caused a sensation across the country. Those who loved Chinese poems competed against each other showing off their understanding of these poems and how many they could recite. The winners of the competition became celebrities， but they are loved and admired not because they are walking poems. What touched the hearts of the people is the poetic beauty oozing from their hearts and glowing in their faces.

Wu Yisu， a 16-year-old high school girl from Shanghai， was the champion of the competition. A raving critic featured her as a girl who satisfied all the fantasies people had about a talented girl of the ancient times. She wore traditional apparel at the conference. She had memorized an amazing number of ancient Chinese poems. Her handwriting was beautiful. And she responded beautifully and with amazing ease to challenges. Sometimes she even looked astonished by her own good replies， especially when other contenders failed to find a clue. People loved her largely because of her characteristics shaped by the poetry she recited and quoted easily.

The television blockbuster triggered a heated discussion about Chinese poetry and classics. Some questioned： “It is just a television program and a bunch of people who can recite poems. It isnt equal to Chinese classics.” Some even went so far as to say that it was just a competition of memory and that it didnt show the complete beauty and profundity of the Chinese culture and therefore the show didnt do any good to the mission of carrying Chinese poetry as a whole forward.

Meng Man， an associate professor with the Central University of Nationalities and a guest at the television program， defended the poetry program： It is not wrong for a television show to attract the eyeballs through competition. Excessive criticism doesnt do justice. The players at the show agreed that the poems were not created for competition. Competition was just a game. They enjoyed being there， enjoyed the tension， and enjoyed the beauty of traditional poems. They strived to see a better self through the competition.

It is pointed out that the sensational conference appealed to the heart of the Chinese nation. Compared to other nations in the world， Chinese people probably have the biggest passion for poems in the world. （also known as ） and mark the glorious beginning of Chinese poems. Poetry reached a climax during the Tang （618-907） and the Song （960-1279）. The Chinese people can easily express themselves through poems. And they find national identity， cohesion， sentiments， nature， life， memory， morality in the poems that accumulated over a period of more than 2，000 years.

Meng Man said in a media interview： “Beauty is the first thing of the renaissance of traditional culture. We need beauty because beauty leads to kindness. People need things that touch their heart and soul. Comparatively， poems are closest to our heart and soul.” The was indeed designed to touch the heart and soul of the Chinese people.

The conference has had delightful repercussions. For a while， everybody talked about ancient Chinese poems. And it has given birth to a new mania for Chinese poetry.

The conference is only part of a great renaissance of the traditional Chinese culture going in full strength now. A series of similar television shows have contributed to the renaissance. and are similar television shows produced and screened by CCTV.y， a 2016 television documentary， was a huge success. The documentary focused on the masters in the Palace Museum who repair and restore antiques， ancient paintings and books in the imperial collection. ， a program produced and screened by Heilongjiang Television， gives people opportunities to hear letters brought back from the past. These letters are read by celebrated television and film artists.