賴(lài)永旭,李艷萍
四川省綿陽(yáng)市中心醫(yī)院藥劑科(綿陽(yáng) 621000)
MicroRNA-184靶向作用EPB41L5抑制腎細(xì)胞癌存活與遷移研究
賴(lài)永旭,李艷萍
四川省綿陽(yáng)市中心醫(yī)院藥劑科(綿陽(yáng) 621000)
目的:研究MicroRNA-184(miR-184)對(duì)腎癌細(xì)胞存活與遷移的影響,并分析其靶基因及功能。方法:RT-PCR法檢測(cè)腎細(xì)胞癌模型小鼠腫瘤組織及細(xì)胞系中miR-184的表達(dá)水平。脂質(zhì)體法轉(zhuǎn)染miR-184 mimic至腎癌細(xì)胞A498、786-O,利用平板克隆及Transwell法測(cè)細(xì)胞克隆形成及遷移能力。生物信息學(xué)分析預(yù)測(cè)miR-184靶基因,熒光素酶報(bào)告基因法檢測(cè)miR-184對(duì)靶基因的作用,Western blot法檢測(cè)靶基因表達(dá)量。轉(zhuǎn)染靶基因siRNA檢測(cè)細(xì)胞克隆形成及遷移情況。結(jié)果:腎細(xì)胞癌小鼠腫瘤組織及腎癌細(xì)胞中miR-184表達(dá)水平顯著降低(P<0.05)。轉(zhuǎn)染miR-184mimic后,腎癌細(xì)胞的克隆形成能力及細(xì)胞遷移數(shù)目顯著減少(P<0.05)。靶基因預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果表明,EPB41L5的3’-UTR包含miR-184的潛在結(jié)合位點(diǎn)。miR-184 mimic轉(zhuǎn)染降低EPB41L5正常3’-UTR載體的熒光素酶活性,而對(duì)突變3’-UTR的熒光素酶活性則無(wú)影響。EPB41L5 siRNA轉(zhuǎn)染后,腎癌細(xì)胞中EPB41L5表達(dá)水平較對(duì)照組明顯下降,同時(shí),細(xì)胞體外克隆形成數(shù)目及遷移數(shù)目顯著減少。結(jié)論:miR-184可通過(guò)作用靶基因EPB41L5而調(diào)控腎癌細(xì)胞的存活及遷移能力,影響腎細(xì)胞癌的發(fā)展。
腎細(xì)胞癌(Renal cell carcinoma,RCC),具有較高的發(fā)病率,且患者在術(shù)后仍具有較高的復(fù)發(fā)及死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)[1]。癌細(xì)胞的轉(zhuǎn)移與擴(kuò)散是決定腎癌病理進(jìn)程及危害程度的重要因素[2-3]。因此,尋找腎癌發(fā)病過(guò)程調(diào)控癌細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)移與侵襲的關(guān)鍵分子及機(jī)制對(duì)于腎癌的診斷和治療具有重要價(jià)值。
MicroRNA是一類(lèi)長(zhǎng)約19~24個(gè)核苷酸的非編碼單鏈小分子RNA,可與靶信使RNA的3'-UTR互補(bǔ)結(jié)合,降解或抑制mRNA的翻譯過(guò)程,影響其表達(dá),進(jìn)而調(diào)控靶分子所參與的作用過(guò)程,影響細(xì)胞行為[4-5]。已有研究表明,MicroRNA-184(miR-184)是一種重要的調(diào)控分子,在膠質(zhì)瘤等多種癌癥的病理組織及細(xì)胞中均存在異常表達(dá),其表達(dá)水平的改變直接或間接影響著癌細(xì)胞的增殖、凋亡、遷移等過(guò)程,對(duì)癌癥的病理進(jìn)程具有重要調(diào)節(jié)作用[6]。本實(shí)驗(yàn)以RCC病理組織及細(xì)胞為對(duì)象,分析miR-184表達(dá)水平的變化情況及對(duì)腎癌細(xì)胞遷移、侵襲能力的調(diào)節(jié),并對(duì)其潛在靶基因進(jìn)行研究,為理解腎細(xì)胞癌的發(fā)病機(jī)制提供幫助。
1 材料、試劑 10例腎細(xì)胞癌模型小鼠取自山東省立醫(yī)院,實(shí)驗(yàn)小鼠未經(jīng)過(guò)化療、放療及其他治療過(guò)程,本研究獲山東省立醫(yī)院倫理委員會(huì)批準(zhǔn)。正常小鼠腎細(xì)胞株HK-2、小鼠腎癌細(xì)胞株A498、786-O購(gòu)自山東省立醫(yī)院。miR-184 mimic、negative control miRNA、EPB41L5 siRNA(銳博生物科技有限公司);EPB41L5、β-actin一抗、羊抗兔二抗(Abcam公司);Lipofectamine 2000轉(zhuǎn)染試劑(Invitrogen公司);實(shí)時(shí)定量PCR試劑盒套裝(Takara公司);Transwell侵襲小室(Millipore公司)。
2 方 法
2.1 細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)與轉(zhuǎn)染: HK-2細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)于DMEM 培養(yǎng)液(含10%胎牛血清)中,A498、786-O細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)于RPMI1640培養(yǎng)液(含10%胎牛血清)中,37℃恒溫培養(yǎng)。細(xì)胞與96孔板中培養(yǎng)至密度約80%時(shí),采用脂質(zhì)體2000法轉(zhuǎn)染miR-184 mimic、EPB41L5 siRNA及陰性對(duì)照序列。轉(zhuǎn)染24~48 h后,進(jìn)行相關(guān)檢測(cè)。
2.2 RT-PCR檢測(cè): Trizol試劑法提取組織或細(xì)胞中總RNA,反轉(zhuǎn)錄cDNA,進(jìn)行RT-PCR檢測(cè),反應(yīng)程序?yàn)椋?5 ℃,60 s;60 ℃,45 s;72 ℃,45 s;72 ℃,10 min,共30次循環(huán)。2-ΔΔCT法計(jì)算mRNA表達(dá)量。
2.3 Western blot檢測(cè): 取大鼠腫瘤組織或培養(yǎng)的細(xì)胞,SDS裂解法提取總蛋白,進(jìn)行SDS-PAGE電泳并轉(zhuǎn)膜。經(jīng)由3%脫脂奶粉封閉后,一抗(1∶2000稀釋)4 ℃孵育過(guò)夜,洗膜,加入二抗HRP室溫孵育1 h,ECL顯色曝光,灰度分析條帶值。
2.4 細(xì)胞克隆實(shí)驗(yàn): 轉(zhuǎn)染處理后的細(xì)胞(5×106個(gè)/ml)接種于培養(yǎng)板中,每2天更換新鮮培養(yǎng)基,至多數(shù)克隆超過(guò)50個(gè)細(xì)胞后,棄培養(yǎng)液,PBS清洗,5%結(jié)晶紫染色后計(jì)數(shù)。
2.5 細(xì)胞遷移實(shí)驗(yàn): 轉(zhuǎn)染處理后的細(xì)胞重懸于無(wú)血清培養(yǎng)基中,細(xì)胞懸液(5×106個(gè)/孔)接種至覆蓋有Matrigel的Transwell上層小室中,在Transwell下層添加含血清的培養(yǎng)基,37℃恒溫培養(yǎng)24 h。棄培養(yǎng)液,PBS清洗后,4%多聚甲醛固定15min,室溫下5%結(jié)晶紫染色30min,用棉球擦去未穿膜細(xì)胞,顯微鏡下觀察計(jì)細(xì)胞遷移數(shù)。
2.6 熒光素酶報(bào)告基因檢測(cè): 構(gòu)建含miR-184結(jié)合位點(diǎn)的正常(UTR-wt)及突變(UTR-mut)EPB41L5 3’UTR序列,連接至pGL3熒光素酶載體上,分別與miR-184 mimic共轉(zhuǎn)染至腎癌細(xì)胞中,36 h后檢測(cè)熒光活性。同時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)染海參熒光素酶基因?yàn)閮?nèi)參。
1 腎細(xì)胞癌模型小鼠腫瘤組織及細(xì)胞系中miR-184的表達(dá)情況 與癌旁組織相比,腎細(xì)胞癌小鼠腫瘤組織中miR-184表達(dá)水平顯著降低(圖1-A),差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。同時(shí),小鼠腎癌細(xì)胞株A498、786-O中miR-184的表達(dá)量也較正常小鼠腎細(xì)胞株HK-2低(圖1-B)。
A:RCC小鼠中miR-184的表達(dá)量; B:腎癌細(xì)胞中miR-184的表達(dá)量;與對(duì)照組比較,*P<0.05
2 miR-184過(guò)表達(dá)對(duì)腎癌細(xì)胞存活和體外遷移能力的影響 與對(duì)照相比,轉(zhuǎn)染miR-184mimic后,小鼠腎癌細(xì)胞株A498、786-O的克隆形成能力明顯減弱(圖2-A),差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。同時(shí),miR-184 mimic轉(zhuǎn)染后A498、786-O細(xì)胞的遷移數(shù)目也較對(duì)照組顯著減少(圖2-B)。
3 miR-184作用于靶分子EPB41L5 圖3-A所示為miR-184序列及其靶基因預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果,EPB41L5的3’-UTR包含miR-184的潛在結(jié)合位點(diǎn)。將包含EPB41L5正常(UTR-wt)及突變(UTR-mut)3’-UTR的pGL3熒光素酶載體與miR-184 mimic分別共轉(zhuǎn)染至腎癌細(xì)胞A498、786-O中。檢測(cè)結(jié)果顯示,miR-184 mimic轉(zhuǎn)染后兩種細(xì)胞中正常靶基因載體的熒光素酶活性較對(duì)照組均顯著下降(圖3-B),差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05);而突變靶基因的熒光素酶活性則不受影響。同時(shí),miR-184 mimic轉(zhuǎn)染后兩種細(xì)胞中EPB41L5的表達(dá)水平均顯著降低(圖3-C)。
4 EPB41L5沉默對(duì)腎癌細(xì)胞存活和體外遷移能力的影響 EPB41L5 siRNA轉(zhuǎn)染后,腎癌細(xì)胞A498、786-O中EPB41L5表達(dá)水平較對(duì)照組均明顯下降 (圖4-A),差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。同時(shí),A498、786-O細(xì)胞的體外克隆形成數(shù)目及遷移細(xì)胞數(shù)目也較對(duì)照組顯著減少(圖4-B、C)。
A:腎癌細(xì)胞存活水平; B:腎癌細(xì)胞遷移數(shù)目;與對(duì)照組比較,*P<0.05
圖2 miR-184過(guò)表達(dá)對(duì)腎癌細(xì)胞存活和體外遷移能力的影響
A:miR-184序列及其靶基因預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果; B:EPB41L5 3’-UTR熒光素酶活性檢測(cè); C:EPB41L5表達(dá)水平;與對(duì)照組比較,*P<0.05
A: EPB41L5表達(dá)水平; B:腎癌細(xì)胞存活水平; C:腎癌細(xì)胞遷移數(shù)目;與對(duì)照組比較,*P<0.05
作為一類(lèi)內(nèi)源性的非編碼基因,miRNAs廣泛存在于動(dòng)植物細(xì)胞內(nèi),通過(guò)對(duì)靶基因的協(xié)同作用,形成復(fù)雜的基因表達(dá)調(diào)控網(wǎng)絡(luò),在細(xì)胞增殖、分化、凋亡、遷移等過(guò)程中發(fā)揮著重要調(diào)節(jié)作用[7]。近年來(lái),miRNA在腫瘤癌變過(guò)程中的作用也逐漸被人們發(fā)現(xiàn),在膠質(zhì)瘤、胃癌、乳腺癌等主要腫瘤組織中均存在miRNA的異常表達(dá)現(xiàn)象[8]。不同的miRNAs在腫瘤進(jìn)程當(dāng)中發(fā)揮著促進(jìn)或抑制腫瘤發(fā)展的作用[9-10]。在腎細(xì)胞癌中,miR-119a-5p、miR-221 /222、miR-185、miR-26a、miR-449a/b、miR-34a等均被證實(shí)與腎癌疾病的發(fā)生密切相關(guān)[11]。Leng等[12]研究也發(fā)現(xiàn),miR-184可抑制腎癌的發(fā)展,但其并作用機(jī)制尚不清楚。本文以腎細(xì)胞癌小鼠模型及體外培養(yǎng)細(xì)胞系為基礎(chǔ),證實(shí)了miR-184在腎癌腫瘤組織及癌細(xì)胞中表達(dá)水平降低。而高表達(dá)miR-184則可以抑制腎癌細(xì)胞的存活及遷移侵襲能力,表明miR-184在腎癌發(fā)展過(guò)程中發(fā)揮著抑癌基因的作用。
EPB41L5是紅細(xì)胞膜蛋白4.1類(lèi)似物,參與機(jī)體發(fā)育過(guò)程,并可通過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)下游鈣粘蛋白E-cadherin的表達(dá)在TGF-β誘導(dǎo)的EMT轉(zhuǎn)化過(guò)程中發(fā)揮作用[13]。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),EPB41L5還參與癌癥發(fā)病過(guò)程中腫瘤細(xì)胞的遷移、侵襲過(guò)程[14]。佐藤等[15]報(bào)道了EPB41L5的高表達(dá)與頭頸鱗癌患者淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移及手術(shù)后的存活率存在相關(guān)性。Daimon等[16]則證實(shí)了在上尿路移行細(xì)胞癌的轉(zhuǎn)移組織中,EPB41L5的表達(dá)水平顯著升高,且高表達(dá)的EPB41L5與腫瘤分級(jí)、病理分期、腫瘤細(xì)胞的侵襲呈正相關(guān)。本實(shí)驗(yàn)通過(guò)生物信息學(xué)分析及熒光素酶報(bào)告基因檢測(cè)驗(yàn)證EPB41L5為miR-184的靶基因,miR-184過(guò)表達(dá)的腎癌細(xì)胞中EPB41L5表達(dá)水平顯著降低。而EPB41L5沉默后,腎癌細(xì)胞的存活及遷移能力明顯降低,表明miR-184對(duì)腎癌細(xì)胞存活遷移的抑制作用是通過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)其靶基因EPB41L5實(shí)現(xiàn)的。
本文以腎細(xì)胞癌小鼠模型及體外培養(yǎng)細(xì)胞系為對(duì)象,證實(shí)了腎細(xì)胞癌腫瘤組織中miR-184的表達(dá)下調(diào),而高表達(dá)miR-184可通過(guò)作用其靶基因EPB41L5,抑制腎癌細(xì)胞的存活及遷移能力。
[1] 張志林, 宋 曉,崔書(shū)君, 等. 64排螺旋CT診斷腎細(xì)胞癌120例臨床價(jià)值探討[J].陜西醫(yī)學(xué)雜志, 2016, 45(1):40-42.
[2] Zang YC, Shan YX, Yang DR,etal. Cox regression analysis of prognostic factors for renal cell carcinoma [J]. Journal of Contemporary Urologic & Reproductive Oncology, 2010, 2(1):19-22.
[3] Yusuke S, Tetsuichi Y, Yuichi S,etal. Integrated molecular analysis of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma [J]. Nature Genetics, 2013, 45:860-867.
[4] Ha M, Kim VN. Regulation of microRNA biogenesis [J]. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell biology, 2014, 15:509-524.
[5] Sayed D, Abdellatif M. MicroRNAs in development and disease [J]. Physiological Reviews, 2011, 91:827-887.
[6] Cheng Z, Wang HZ, Li X,etal. MicroRNA-184 inhibits cell proliferation and invasion, and specifically targets TNFAIP2 in Glioma [J]. Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research, 2015, 34:1-13.
[7] Kim YK. Extracellular microRNAs as Biomarkers in Human Disease [J]. Chonnam Med J, 2015, 51:51-57.
[8] Tang K, Xu H. Prognostic value of meta-signature miRNAs in renal cell carcinoma: an integrated miRNA expression profiling analysis [J]. Scientific Reports, 2015, 5:10272.
[9] 陳雙江, 王 錚, 姚英民, 等. miRNA-106a在肝癌中的表達(dá)及其作用[J]. 陜西醫(yī)學(xué)雜志, 2014,43(2):139-142.
[10] 謝小娟, 潘晶晶, 侯慧蓮, 等. 長(zhǎng)鏈非編碼RNA UCA1與 miRNA-99b在膀胱癌細(xì)胞株和膀胱癌組織表達(dá)的相關(guān)性分析[J]. 陜西醫(yī)學(xué)雜志, 2015,44(10):1278-1280.
[11] Khella HWZ, Bakhet M, Allo G,etal. miR-192, miR-194 and miR-215: A convergent miRNA network suppressing tumor progression in renal cell carcinoma [J]. Carcinogenesis, 2013, 34:2231-2239.
[12] Leng H, Qian W, Zhou L,etal. Abnormal expression and significance of MIR-184 in human renal carcinoma[J]. Journal of Peking University. Health Sciences, 2011, 43:509-513.
[13] Vaisman F, Shaha A, Fish S,etal. EPB41L5 plays essential roles in EMT [J]. Clinical Endocrinology, 2009, 126:75-80.
[14] Hirano M, Aizawa S. Arf6 recruits EPB41L5 for E-cadherin endocytosis during epithelial-mesenchyme transition [J]. Developmental Biology, 2010, 344(344):509.
[15] 佐藤宏紀(jì). High-Expression of AMAP1 and EPB41L5 proteinscorrelates with lymph node metastasis and survival rate after surgical therapy of HNSCC [D]. Hokkaido: Hokkaido University, 2014: 2093.
[16] Daimon T, Kosaka T, Mikami S,etal. Erythrocyte protein bond 4.1-like5 expression in patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma correlates with tumor recurrence [C]. ASCO Annual Meeting Proceedings. 2014, 32(15): e22131.
(收稿:2016-08-11)
MicroRNA-184 inhibits cell growth and migration by targeting EPB41L5 in renal cell carcinoma
Lai Yongxu, Li Yanping.Department of Pharmacy, Mianyang Central Hospital(Mianyang 621000)
Objective:To analysis the effects of miR-184 on the growth and migration of renal cell carcinoma and the potential target. Methods:RT-PCR was used to measure the expression of miR-184 in RCC rats and cell lines. miR-184 mimic was transfected into the A498 and 786-O cells by Lipofectamine 2000. The growth and migration of renal cell carcinoma were evaluated using colony formation and Transwell assay, respectively. The prediction and validation of target of miR-184 were performed by bioinformatics, luciferase assay and Western blot. The growth and migration of renal cell carcinoma were tested after transfection of target gene siRNA. Results:The levels of miR-184 were significantly down-regulated in RCC rats and cells. The cells transfected with miR-184 mimic exhibited a decrease in colonies and migrating cells. Bioinformatics results showed that EPB41L5 has the binding sites of miR-184 on its 3’UTR. miR-184 mimic reduced the luciferase activity of pGL-EPB41L5 3’UTR, whereas had no effect on the mutant pGL-EPB41L5 3’UTR. After transfection of EPB41L5 siRNA, the expression of EPB41L5 was reduced, and the numbers of colonies and migrating cells were also down-regulated. Conclusion:miR-184 regulates the growth and migration of renal cell carcinoma by targeting EPB41L5, contributing to the progression of RCC.
Kidney neoplasms/physiopathology @ miR-184 @EPB41L5 Cells migration asssys Models,animal Mice
腎腫瘤/病理生理學(xué) @miR-184 @EPB41L5 細(xì)胞遷移測(cè)定 模型,動(dòng)物 小鼠
R392.6
A
10.3969/j.issn.1000-7377.2017.03.006