YU Dongwei

(Management Office for Fast-growing and High-yield Plantation Base，F(xiàn)orestry Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region，Nanning 530028 China)

The Practice and Exploration of National Reserve Forest Construction by Using Development Bank Loan：Take Guangxi for Example

YU Dongwei

(Management Office for Fast-growing and High-yield Plantation Base，F(xiàn)orestry Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region，Nanning 530028 China)

Background China has became the largest timber importer and the second largest timber-consuming country in the word since 2013，but it also faces the problems of high dependence on foreign wood industry，prominent contradiction between wood supply and demand，fragile forest ecology system．As an important solution for comprehensive protection of natural forest，ensuring wood safety，dealing with wood crisis，national reserve forest construction is written in the central number one file for many times．Some provinces have started to innovate investment and financing mechanism and used policy bank loan to promote national reserve forest construction．As a pilot area，Guangxi did some exploration and gained some experience．

Methods The problems of the study on the national reserve forest investment are analyzed in this article．The background and progress about the project of using China Development Bank loan for national reserve forest construction is briefly introduced．Through the analysis and observation about evaluation，implementation and operation of the project，this paper particularly summarizes project financing structure，risk control measures and management model，which provides some references for similar projects．

Results The construction model is the combination of unified loan repayment，mortgage guarantee，contract management，check and supervision of the project．The unified borrower is large state-owned forestry enterprise，and the collateral is mainly legitimate forest land and resources，which is regularly assessed and dynamically adjusted in need．Financing structure is made up of not less than 20% project capital(including subsidy)and not more than 80% bank loan．The risk control mechanism including：Risk reserves，not lower than 6% of the loan balance；Lawful forest mortgage，professional assessment，opinions of the forestry authorities are necessary，and during the mortgage period，no harvesting，no repeated mortgage；Full forestry policy insurance and commercial insurance are purchased in order to cover the loan balance，namely，full coverage of forest insurance；Forest harvesting management and trading，that without the consent of the mortgagor，no harvesting，no transfer or change，wood sales should be in the specified electronic trading platform．Capital security and project supervision are given more attention．Loan allocation and project tasks should be also necessarily matched．Loan allocation is based on feasibility study report and dynamically adjusted according to the actual situation．Tree structure，total construction tasks，total construction investment and total amount of loan are not changed in the beginning．Project management roughly follows the path below：Pre-construction phase，the main bodies of construction declare the tasks，financing platform verifies the delivery data and the forestry authorities release annual plan；Under construction phase，the main bodies of construction make action plan，apply for loan disbursement，control project schedule；After construction：financing platform and the forestry authorities check and monitor the results of the project．

Conclusions and Discussions The project of using China Development Bank loan for national reserve forest construction is the largest and most efficient forestry loan project in Guangxi and the country’s first successful national reserve forest construction loan．It sets an example for promoting the structural reform of the forestry supply side and financing model innovation of national reserve forest construction．But it is also facing more and more difficulties like as collateral and forest assets are needed monitored in real time，common supervision is relatively inadequate，manual operation efficiency is relatively low，etc．So it is necessary to strengthen the research for innovative financing model and the construction of forestry resource transfer system，using high technology for improving project management are also urgently needed in the near future．

national reserve forest；China Development Bank；forestry loan；forestry property mortgage

Original Articlein余東威．開發(fā)性銀行貸款建設(shè)國家儲備林的實(shí)踐與探索：以廣西利用國家開發(fā)銀行貸款建設(shè)國家儲備林基地為例．林業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)問題，2017，37(2)：24-27．

10.16832/j.cnki.1005-9709.2017.02.005