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怎樣寫好建議信

2017-03-07 16:01譚敏徐鴻鳴
高中生學(xué)習(xí)·高二版 2017年2期
關(guān)鍵詞:書信書面范文

譚敏++徐鴻鳴

書信一直是多年來全國卷英語高考書面表達(dá)的主流體裁,而建議信又是常見的書信形式之一。它在英語高考中常常出現(xiàn)。

[文體介紹]

建議信是向收信人就某事提出自己的建議或忠告,以便讓對方接受自己的想法、主張并解決有關(guān)問題的應(yīng)用文。建議信可以寫給個人,就其遇到的某個問題提出看法;也可以寫給某個組織或者機構(gòu),就改進(jìn)其服務(wù)等方面提出建議或忠告。建議信要給出寫信的原因,建議的內(nèi)容,提出建議的理由,而且提出的理由要合情合理,同時語氣一定要得體,即既要委婉禮貌,又要有說服力。

[寫作要求]

以2008年全國卷Ⅱ書面表達(dá)為例,具體談?wù)勅绾螌懞媒ㄗh信:

假定你是李華, 你的英國朋友Peter來信向你咨詢?nèi)绾尾拍軐W(xué)好中文。請你根據(jù)下列要點寫回信。

要點: 參加中文學(xué)習(xí)班;看中文書刊、電視;學(xué)唱中文歌曲;交中國朋友。

1. 說明寫信的目的

Im glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well. Here are a few suggestions.

無論是哪種書信,最好在第一段就表明寫信的目的。若是給某一個人寫建議信,常用的開頭語不外乎Im glad to receive your email asking for my advice on how to ...或Im very glad to have received your letter/email. Now Im writing to/Id like to give you some advice on how to ...。

若是給某組織或機關(guān)寫建議信,開頭一般應(yīng)先恭維對方或贊賞對方的工作,然后再委婉地給出想提的建議。如2011年全國卷Ⅱ的書面表達(dá)是某報在創(chuàng)刊五周年之際征集讀者意見。這篇作文宜先向報社創(chuàng)刊五周年表示祝賀,然后按照要點要求介紹自己是報社忠實讀者,并給出喜歡報紙的原因,最后再委婉地給出建議。

Congratulations on the 5th anniversary of Global Mirror! Im a regular reader of your newspaper. I like it very much mainly for the following two reasons. First, ...

2. 介紹詳情、提出建議

如2008年全國卷Ⅱ可接著開頭語續(xù)寫:①First, it is important to take a Chinese course, as youll be able to learn from the teacher and practice with your fellow students. ②Then, it also helps to watch TV and read books, newspapers and magazines in Chinese whenever possible. ③Besides, it should be a good idea to learn and sing Chinese songs, because by doing so youll learn and remember Chinese words more easily. ④You can also make more Chinese friends. ⑤They will tell you a lot about China and help you learn Chinese. ⑥Try and write to me in Chinese next time.

第二部分是建議信的核心內(nèi)容,該部分寫作需遵循幾條基本原則:

(1)一二三原則

該原則指的是寫作時要有條理,線索明朗,結(jié)構(gòu)清晰,所提建議一目了然。因此寫作時應(yīng)適當(dāng)使用一些表達(dá)步驟、文章邏輯或時間先后的銜接過渡詞。

(2)多實少虛

①多提實在的、具體的、切實可行的建議,少提虛無縹緲的、大而空的或者難以實現(xiàn)的建議。如某人向你咨詢怎樣學(xué)好外語,你建議他多讀書(讀什么書?怎樣讀?這樣太籠統(tǒng))或要多與外國人交談,甚至盡量到國外去生活(這對絕大多數(shù)人來說都是辦不到的)。

②在用詞上盡量避免表達(dá)空泛或籠統(tǒng)的語言,應(yīng)使用更具體、更生動的詞語,如“這是一條好的建議”不應(yīng)只是a good suggestion,而可以是a suitable/appropriate/practical/beneficial/worthwhile/operable/achievable suggestion。

(3)長短句原則

寫作時要注意長短句交替,簡單句和復(fù)合句錯落使用。如以上范文第二段的第①句(包含一個as引導(dǎo)的定語從句)和第③句(含一個because引導(dǎo)的狀語從句)是復(fù)合句,第②④⑤⑥句是簡單句。簡單句中②較長(包含一個狀語從句的省略whenever possible),其余三句都比較短。

3. 客套結(jié)尾

一般英語書面表達(dá)常采用“三段十句”寫法。即寫三段(開頭、正文、結(jié)尾),文章大概十個句子左右。而建議信的結(jié)尾通常就是一些客套話。這既是寫信的需要,同時也是為了文章的完整性。

一篇完整的書信一般也遵循“三段十句”原則:包括開頭段(寫信的目的)、正文(書信的具體內(nèi)容)、結(jié)尾段(表達(dá)愿望、希望、祝福,強調(diào)自己寫信的目的或是對方尤其要注意的事情等)。建議信常用的結(jié)束語有:

I hope that my suggestions are helpful for your decision-making anyway. I would be more than happy to see improvement.

I believe that you will take my suggestions into serious account/consideration.

I would be ready to discuss about this matter with you to further details. Whatever you decide to do, good luck with your studies/work!

[常用模版]

Dear Jim,

Im glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to _________ (引出主題). Here are a few suggestions. First, it is important to _______. Besides, it should be a good idea to________. You can also________. (此三句使用不同的句式提出建議). As to ________, I suggest _______ (有時根據(jù)需要具體到某一反面). In addition, _________(其他建議). Im sure __________ (預(yù)測可能的結(jié)果,給對方以行動的信心和決心).

Im looking forward to _______(表達(dá)愿望).

Sincerely yours,

Li Hua

[練練筆]

假如你是李華,你剛收到了你的英語筆友Jenny的電子郵件,她將作為交換生來你校就讀,詢問你需要作何種準(zhǔn)備以及怎樣才能盡快融入新環(huán)境。請你根據(jù)下列內(nèi)容給她寫封回信。

1. 準(zhǔn)備好海外交換生所需要的各種證件;

2. 多交新朋友;

3. 多參加學(xué)?;顒右约岸嘣诟浇邉印?/p>

注意:1. 詞數(shù)100詞左右 。

2. 開頭語結(jié)束語已給出,不計入總詞數(shù)。

Dear Jenny,

Im glad to receive your email telling me

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

范文

Dear Jenny,

Im glad to receive your email telling me that youll soon come to my school as an exchange student. How I was excited at the good news!

As an overseas student, to top it all, you should prepare all needed certificates in case you should meet some troublesome occasions. Next, while in our school, youd better make more new friends, teachers included, who can help you get acquainted with the new surroundings earlier. In addition, I can also show you around our city, where there are abundant tourist attractions. Im sure youll lose yourself in them. Last but not least, getting yourself involved in as many activities as possible is also a good way to integrate yourself with the collective.

Wish you success.

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

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