劉偉
摘 要:在中國(guó)公安機(jī)關(guān)日益深度參與國(guó)際執(zhí)法安全合作的背景下,公安院校警務(wù)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)應(yīng)圍繞培養(yǎng)應(yīng)用型人才的目標(biāo),改革創(chuàng)新教學(xué)方式,力求貼近實(shí)戰(zhàn)、突出實(shí)用。
關(guān)鍵詞:警務(wù)英語(yǔ) 實(shí)戰(zhàn)型 教學(xué)法
引言
隨著全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化的迅猛發(fā)展,中國(guó)日漸融入全球經(jīng)濟(jì)分工并逐步深度參與到全球治理體系的建構(gòu)。在此背景下,涉外警務(wù)早已經(jīng)由單一的出入境事務(wù)管理擴(kuò)展到社會(huì)的各個(gè)方面,客觀上也對(duì)中國(guó)的警務(wù)人才提出了更高要求,警務(wù)英語(yǔ)的重要性也正在被越來(lái)越多的人所認(rèn)識(shí)。我院于2013年在全國(guó)公安院校中率先開(kāi)辦了英語(yǔ)(國(guó)際警務(wù)方向)專(zhuān)業(yè)。但相對(duì)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)而言,警務(wù)英語(yǔ)課程開(kāi)設(shè)較晚,未形成比較完善的課程體系,與涉外警務(wù)人才的培養(yǎng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及客觀需求存在較大差距。圍繞警察院校培養(yǎng)應(yīng)用型的高素質(zhì)警務(wù)人才目標(biāo),警務(wù)英語(yǔ)課程就必須把貼近實(shí)戰(zhàn)作為教學(xué)的重點(diǎn),強(qiáng)調(diào)教學(xué)內(nèi)容和教學(xué)活動(dòng)的真實(shí)性和實(shí)戰(zhàn)性,從而突出學(xué)以致用的基本原則。
一、實(shí)戰(zhàn)型教學(xué)法的應(yīng)用
在實(shí)戰(zhàn)型教學(xué)法原則的指導(dǎo)下,警務(wù)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)尤其應(yīng)該突出教學(xué)內(nèi)容與學(xué)生今后工作實(shí)際的緊密結(jié)合。以下以警務(wù)英語(yǔ)閱讀與翻譯能力培養(yǎng)為例:[1]
The major functions of the police are: (1) order maintenance (the peacekeeper role); (2) social service (the social worker role); and (3) law enforcement (the crime fighter role).
Order Maintenance: The Peacekeeper Role
Students are frequently surprised to learn how much of police work involves activities we refer to as order maintenance. This is the peacekeeper role of the police. Yet maintaining social order in the community consumes a large part of a patrol officers time and energy. When citizens call the police for help, quite often they are calling not so the police can stop a crime in progress, but to intervene in a situation that is out of order.
Social Service: The Social Worker Role
The second major function of the police is social service. Historically, the police were given responsibility for rendering aid and assistance directly to the people largely; they were the only public agency open twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week, to take care of immediate problems.
Law Enforcement: The Crime Fighter Role
The third major function of the police is law enforcement, thus casting police officers into their most familiar role as crime fighters. Examples of law enforcement activities would include: responding to crimes in progress (burglary, robbery, rape, assault, and so on); taking a report from a crime victim; investigating a crime; checking out a prowler; questioning a suspect; making an arrest.
上述材料選自西方國(guó)家學(xué)者對(duì)于現(xiàn)代國(guó)家中警察職能的論述,對(duì)于學(xué)生在課堂上了解中國(guó)警察的作用與定位亦有可借鑒之處。筆者在教學(xué)中以該材料為任務(wù),首先設(shè)計(jì)以下若干閱讀理解問(wèn)題:
1. Discuss the major roles of the police.
2. Whats your opinion about the social worker role?
3. How do you understand the crime fighter role of the police?
4. Do we need the police? Why or why not?
5. Does the order in which the three roles are listed presume their relative importance to the society?
其次,在學(xué)生充分理解文意的基礎(chǔ)上,要求其將該文譯成中文。用翻譯的方法對(duì)文章和結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜長(zhǎng)句進(jìn)行深入透徹的分析,譯成中文能幫助學(xué)生更好地理解語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象,更準(zhǔn)確地把握整篇文章要義。[2]
結(jié)語(yǔ)
為更好適應(yīng)當(dāng)前國(guó)際執(zhí)法安全合作日益深化的新形勢(shì),廣大英語(yǔ)教師應(yīng)大膽改革警務(wù)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)理念,強(qiáng)化理論與實(shí)踐相結(jié)合,積極引導(dǎo)和激發(fā)學(xué)生去主動(dòng)思考、交流、實(shí)踐,探索實(shí)施實(shí)戰(zhàn)型警務(wù)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的新模式、新思路、新方法。(注:本文為湖北警官學(xué)院2014年院級(jí)教學(xué)研究項(xiàng)目“公安院校學(xué)生警務(wù)英語(yǔ)應(yīng)用能力培養(yǎng)”研究成果之一)
參考文獻(xiàn)
[1]謝邦秀.公安專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)讀譯[M].北京:群眾出版社,2008
[2]張梅.論翻譯法在警務(wù)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中的應(yīng)用[J].赤峰學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào),2013(12)