王劍鋒,李平
(安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬安徽省立醫(yī)院,合肥230001)
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E盒鋅指蛋白1反轉(zhuǎn)錄本1對(duì)人膀胱癌細(xì)胞增殖、遷移及凋亡的影響
王劍鋒,李平
(安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬安徽省立醫(yī)院,合肥230001)
目的研究E盒鋅指蛋白1反轉(zhuǎn)錄本1(ZEB1-AS1)對(duì)人膀胱癌細(xì)胞5637增殖、遷移、凋亡的影響。方法取適量對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期5637細(xì)胞分為觀(guān)察組和對(duì)照組,分別用特異性的陽(yáng)性對(duì)照小干擾RNA ZEB1-AS1、特異的陰性對(duì)照小干擾RNA轉(zhuǎn)染細(xì)胞,采用實(shí)時(shí)熒光定量qRT-PCR法觀(guān)察轉(zhuǎn)染48 h兩組細(xì)胞ZEB1-AS1 mRNA;采用MTT法觀(guān)察轉(zhuǎn)染24、48、72 h細(xì)胞增殖情況,采用細(xì)胞劃痕實(shí)驗(yàn)觀(guān)察轉(zhuǎn)染48 h細(xì)胞遷移情況,采用流式細(xì)胞儀檢測(cè)轉(zhuǎn)染48 h細(xì)胞凋亡情況。結(jié)果轉(zhuǎn)染48 h觀(guān)察組和對(duì)照組ZEB1-AS1 mRNA的相對(duì)表達(dá)量分別為0.525 3±0.043 2、1.000 0±0.020 2,P<0.05;觀(guān)察組轉(zhuǎn)染24、48、72 h細(xì)胞增殖的OD值分別為0.316 4±0.007 8、0.595 4±0.032 5、0.770 3±0.030 7,對(duì)照組分別為0.452 9±0.016 1、0.732 6±0.037 0、0.920 4±0.018 9,組間比較P均<0.05;轉(zhuǎn)染48 h時(shí)觀(guān)察組和對(duì)照組的細(xì)胞遷移距離分別為(0.435±0.005)、(0.680±0.020)cm,P<0.05。轉(zhuǎn)染后48 h觀(guān)察組和對(duì)照組的細(xì)胞凋亡指數(shù)分別為 15.70±0.94、14.53±0.69,P<0.05。結(jié)論ZEB1-AS1可促進(jìn)人膀胱癌細(xì)胞增殖、遷移,抑制細(xì)胞凋亡,可能在膀胱癌的發(fā)生、發(fā)展中起重要作用。
膀胱癌;長(zhǎng)鏈非編碼RNA;E盒鋅指蛋白1反轉(zhuǎn)錄本1;細(xì)胞增殖;細(xì)胞凋亡;細(xì)胞遷移
膀胱癌發(fā)病率居泌尿系統(tǒng)惡性腫瘤發(fā)病率首位,復(fù)發(fā)率和晚期病死率均較高,目前尚無(wú)有效治療方法[1~3],研究其發(fā)生機(jī)制具有重要臨床治療意義。長(zhǎng)鏈非編碼RNA (LncRNA)是一類(lèi)不翻譯和不編碼蛋白質(zhì)的長(zhǎng)鏈RNA[4~6],可在轉(zhuǎn)錄、轉(zhuǎn)錄后及表觀(guān)遺傳等階段調(diào)控基因表達(dá),參與物種進(jìn)化、細(xì)胞分化、器官形成、胚胎發(fā)育、物質(zhì)代謝等基礎(chǔ)生命活動(dòng),在胃癌、乳腺癌和食管癌等人類(lèi)腫瘤疾病的發(fā)生發(fā)展中起重要作用[7~12]。E盒鋅指蛋白1反轉(zhuǎn)錄本1(ZEB1-AS1)是最新發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種LncRNA,其異常表達(dá)在食管鱗狀細(xì)胞癌和肝癌中起重要作用[13,14],但其在膀胱癌中的作用機(jī)制尚不明確。2014年4月~2016年1月,我們觀(guān)察了ZEB1-AS1對(duì)人膀胱癌細(xì)胞5637增殖、遷移、凋亡的影響。現(xiàn)報(bào)告如下。
1.1材料5637由安徽省立醫(yī)院中心實(shí)驗(yàn)室惠贈(zèng)。Lipofectamine2000、TRIzol試劑購(gòu)自美國(guó)Invitrogen 公司,RPMI-1640培養(yǎng)基、谷氨酰氨、青霉素-鏈霉素混合液胎牛血清(FBS)購(gòu)自美國(guó)Gibco 公司,四甲基偶氮唑鹽(MTT) 、二甲基亞砜(DMSO)購(gòu)自美國(guó)Sigma Aldrich 公司,高速冷凍離心機(jī)購(gòu)自美國(guó)Sigma 公司,NanoDrop2000 超微量分光光度計(jì)購(gòu)自美國(guó)Thermo Scientific 公司,Thermal Cycler C1000 PCR 儀購(gòu)自美國(guó)Bio-Rad公司,Light Cycler 480Ⅱ 實(shí)時(shí)熒光定量PCR 儀購(gòu)自瑞士Roche公司,THZD 型臺(tái)式恒溫振蕩器購(gòu)自江蘇省太倉(cāng)市實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)備廠(chǎng),DTX880 熒光檢測(cè)儀購(gòu)自美國(guó)Beckman Coulter 公司。
1.2 細(xì)胞分組及轉(zhuǎn)染取適量5637細(xì)胞于含10%FBS、1%谷氨酰胺、1%青霉素-鏈霉素混合液的完全RPMI-1640培養(yǎng)基培養(yǎng),37 ℃、5% CO2培養(yǎng)。取對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期細(xì)胞,接種于96孔板中,分為觀(guān)察組和對(duì)照組,每組6個(gè)復(fù)孔。待細(xì)胞貼壁且融合度達(dá)到40%~60%時(shí),觀(guān)察組和對(duì)照組分別用特異性的陽(yáng)性對(duì)照小干擾RNA ZEB1-AS1(si-ZEB1-AS1,5′-CCAUGAAUUCCUUCCUAAA-3′,蘇州吉瑪基因股份有限公司)、特異的陰性對(duì)照小干擾RNA(si-NC,5′-UUUAGGAAGGAAUUCAUGG-3′ ,蘇州吉瑪基因股份有限公司),37 ℃孵育6 h,棄轉(zhuǎn)染液,置于10% FBS的正常RPMI-1640培養(yǎng)基繼續(xù)培養(yǎng)備用。
1.3細(xì)胞ZEB1-AS1 mRNA檢測(cè)采用實(shí)時(shí)熒光定量qRT-PCR法。取轉(zhuǎn)染48 h 的兩組細(xì)胞,按照TRIzol 試劑說(shuō)明書(shū)提取總RNA,逆轉(zhuǎn)錄合成cDNA,所有操作嚴(yán)格按照使用說(shuō)明書(shū)進(jìn)行。上下游引物序列均由生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司合成,ZEB1-AS1上游引物:5′-ATTGTTAGGAAAGGTTATAAAATTT-3′,下游引物:5′-ACCCAAACTATATAAAAAATTACAC-3′[13];GAPDH上游引物:5′-CGCTCTCTGCTCCTCCTGTTC-3′,下游引物:5′-ATCCGTTGACTCCGACCTTCAC-3′。 反應(yīng)條件:94 ℃預(yù)變性反應(yīng)30 s;94 ℃ 5 s,60 ℃ 15 s,72 ℃ 10 s,共40個(gè)循環(huán)。以GAPDH為內(nèi)參,采用2-ΔΔCt法計(jì)算目的基因的相對(duì)表達(dá)量。
1.4細(xì)胞增殖觀(guān)察采用MTT法。分別取轉(zhuǎn)染24、48、72 h的兩組細(xì)胞,接種于96 孔中, 每組5個(gè)復(fù)孔。加入10 μL /孔MTT 溶液,培養(yǎng)4 h后棄培養(yǎng)液;加入DMSO 150 μL/孔,震蕩10 min 后,在酶標(biāo)儀波長(zhǎng)490 nm 處檢測(cè)各孔光密度(OD)值。重復(fù)3次,取平均值,以各組OD值代表細(xì)胞的增殖情況。
1.5細(xì)胞遷移情況觀(guān)察采用細(xì)胞劃痕實(shí)驗(yàn)。收集轉(zhuǎn)染48 h兩組細(xì)胞,接種于6孔板,每組6個(gè)復(fù)孔。細(xì)胞融合度90%以上時(shí),轉(zhuǎn)染并繼續(xù)放置于培養(yǎng)箱培養(yǎng)。用200 μL無(wú)菌移液槍頭劃線(xiàn),立即在光學(xué)顯微鏡下拍照;更換新鮮的培養(yǎng)基,放置于37 ℃、5%CO2培養(yǎng)24 h后再次拍照。取5個(gè)視野,測(cè)量劃痕兩側(cè)細(xì)胞間距,取平均值,重復(fù)3次,以劃痕兩側(cè)細(xì)胞間距平均值代表細(xì)胞遷移情況。
1.6細(xì)胞凋亡觀(guān)察采用流式細(xì)胞儀。取轉(zhuǎn)染后48 h對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期細(xì)胞,消化收集細(xì)胞并洗滌,然后重懸于200 μL的結(jié)合緩沖液。加入10 μL AnnexinV-FTC 和5 μL PI后輕輕混勻,避光并室溫反應(yīng)15 min;加入300 μL結(jié)合緩沖液,用流式細(xì)胞儀檢測(cè)細(xì)胞凋亡數(shù)目,計(jì)算細(xì)胞凋亡指數(shù)。凋亡指數(shù)=凋亡細(xì)胞數(shù)/總細(xì)胞數(shù)×100。
2.1兩組細(xì)胞ZEB1-AS1 mRNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量比較轉(zhuǎn)染48 h觀(guān)察組和對(duì)照組ZEB1-AS1 mRNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量分別為0.525 3±0.043 2、1.000 0±0.020 2,P<0.05。
2.2兩組細(xì)胞增殖情況比較見(jiàn)表1。
2.3兩組細(xì)胞遷移情況比較轉(zhuǎn)染48 h時(shí)觀(guān)察組和對(duì)照組的細(xì)胞遷移距離分別為(0.435±0.005)、(0.680±0.020)cm,P<0.05。
2.4兩組細(xì)胞凋亡指數(shù)比較轉(zhuǎn)染48 h觀(guān)察組和
表1 轉(zhuǎn)染24、48、72 h兩組細(xì)胞增殖情況比較
注:與對(duì)照組比較,#P<0.05。
對(duì)照組的細(xì)胞凋亡指數(shù)分別為15.70±0.94、14.53±0.69,P<0.05。
膀胱癌的發(fā)生是多種內(nèi)外因相互影響導(dǎo)致的復(fù)雜病理過(guò)程。最新研究發(fā)現(xiàn),膀胱細(xì)胞DNA改變的緩慢過(guò)程與C-myc、Bcl-2、H-Ras等癌基因的激活和p53、p21、Rb等抑癌基因的失活密切相關(guān)[15],但具體發(fā)病機(jī)制至今仍不明確。近年研究發(fā)現(xiàn),LncRNA的異常表達(dá)與腫瘤疾病的發(fā)生發(fā)展以及預(yù)后密切相關(guān)[4~7],對(duì)于這種在癌癥中異常表達(dá)的LncRNA的功能和機(jī)制仍有待進(jìn)一步研究探索。文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道,許多LncRNA在在腫瘤發(fā)生發(fā)展起著癌基因調(diào)控作用[7,9,12],因此異常表達(dá)的LncRNA將有助于腫瘤的診斷治療以及預(yù)后指導(dǎo)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),PVT1、UCA 以及SPRY4-IT1等LncRNA在膀胱癌的發(fā)生發(fā)展中起著癌基因的作用[7,16]。
ZEB1-AS1是LncRNA家族中的一員,其是胚胎發(fā)育、細(xì)胞分化、腫瘤的發(fā)生發(fā)展等生理病理過(guò)程必不可少的轉(zhuǎn)錄因子。ZEB1-AS1的表達(dá)水平與食管癌的發(fā)生、發(fā)展及預(yù)測(cè)患者預(yù)后密切相關(guān)[9];過(guò)表達(dá)的ZEB1-AS1可促進(jìn)肝癌的轉(zhuǎn)移,預(yù)測(cè)患者預(yù)后。因此,推測(cè)ZEB1-AS1可能對(duì)膀胱惡性腫瘤有類(lèi)似的作用。本課題組前期研究發(fā)現(xiàn),膀胱癌組織中ZEB1-AS1表達(dá)高于癌旁正常組織。本研究發(fā)現(xiàn),轉(zhuǎn)染48 h觀(guān)察組ZEB1-AS1 mRNA的相對(duì)表達(dá)量低于對(duì)照組,轉(zhuǎn)染24、48、72 h觀(guān)察組細(xì)胞增殖的OD值均低于對(duì)照組,轉(zhuǎn)染48 h時(shí)觀(guān)察組的細(xì)胞遷移距離低于對(duì)照組,細(xì)胞凋亡指數(shù)高于對(duì)照組,說(shuō)明ZEB1-AS1可促進(jìn)5637細(xì)胞增殖、遷移,抑制細(xì)胞凋亡,推測(cè)其可能作用機(jī)制為:①ZEB1-AS1可作為膀胱癌癌基因直接參與膀胱癌的基因調(diào)控,促進(jìn)膀胱癌細(xì)胞的增殖;②ZEB1-AS1可通過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)上皮細(xì)胞間質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)型參與膀胱癌的發(fā)生,促進(jìn)膀胱癌細(xì)胞增殖、遷移,抑制凋亡[13];③通過(guò)激活癌基因或者抑制抑癌癌基因,間接促進(jìn)膀胱癌的增殖、遷移以及抑制凋亡[14]。
綜上所述,ZEB1-AS1的表達(dá)與人膀胱癌細(xì)胞的增殖、遷移、凋亡密切相關(guān),其可能是一種發(fā)揮正調(diào)控作用的癌基因。本研究對(duì)提高膀胱癌的早期診斷及基因靶向治療有重要的指導(dǎo)意義。后續(xù)將進(jìn)一步研究ZEB1-AS1在膀胱癌發(fā)生、發(fā)展中的具體作用機(jī)制。
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Effects of ZEB1-AS1 on proliferation, migration and apoptosis of bladder cancer cells
WANGJianfeng,LIPing
(AnhuiProvincialHospital,Hefei230001,China)
ObjectiveTo study the effects of zinc E box 1 antisense 1 (ZEB1-AS1) on proliferation, migration and apoptosis of human bladder cancer 5637 cell line (5637 for short as follow). MethodsWe took suitable amount of 5637 cells in logarithmic phase and divided them into the observation group and control group, which were respectively transfected with the specific positive control small interference RNA ZEB1-AS1 (si-ZEB1-AS1) and the specific negative control small interference RNA (si-NC). The real-time qRT-PCR was used to detect ZEB1-AS1 mRNA after 48-hour transfection. MTT assay was used to detect the cell proliferation at 24, 48, 72 h after transfection, scratch assay was used to detect the cell migration at 48 h after transfection, and flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis at 48 h after transfection. ResultsAfter 48-hour transfection, the relative expression of ZEB1-AS1 mRNA in the observation group and control group was respectively 0.525 3±0.043 2 and 1.000 0±0.020 2,P<0.05; the OD values of the observation group at 24, 48 and 72 h after transfection were respectively 0.316 4±0.007 8, 0.595 4±0.032 5 and 0.770 3±0.030 7, and those in the control group were respectively 0.452 9±0.016 1, 0.732 6±0.037 0 and 0.920 4±0.018 9, allP<0.05. The cell migration distance after 48-hour transfection in the observation group and control group were respectively (0.435±0.005) and (0.680±0.020) cm,P<0.05. After 48-hour transfection, the cell apoptosis index in the observation group and control group were respectively 15.70± 0.94 and 14.53±0.69,P<0.05.ConclusionZEB1-AS1 can promote the cell proliferation, migration, and inhibit apoptosis of human urinary bladder cancer cells, which may play an important role in the occurrence and development of bladder cancer.
urinary bladder carcinoma; long non-coding RNA; zinc E box 1 antisense 1; cell proliferation; apoptosis; cell migration
國(guó)家中醫(yī)藥管理局中醫(yī)腫瘤病學(xué)重點(diǎn)學(xué)科經(jīng)費(fèi)資助[國(guó)中醫(yī)藥發(fā)(2009)30號(hào)]。
王劍鋒(1987-),男,碩士研究生在讀,主要研究方向?yàn)槔夏昴[瘤的中西醫(yī)結(jié)合治療。E-mail: 754559269@qq.com
簡(jiǎn)介:李平(1964-),男,教授,主任醫(yī)師,碩士生導(dǎo)師,主要研究方向?yàn)槔夏昴[瘤的中西醫(yī)結(jié)合治療。E-mail: 754559269@qq.com
10.3969/j.issn.1002-266X.2016.18.005
R737.14
A
1002-266X(2016)18-0015-03
2016-01-22)