劉 勇,安艷芳,王仲霞,楊建業(yè),吳 君
(1南方醫(yī)科大學(xué)深圳醫(yī)院,廣東 深圳 518101; 2 湖北醫(yī)藥學(xué)院附屬人民醫(yī)院,湖北 十堰 442000)
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細(xì)胞穿透肽CCL融合蛋白的構(gòu)建與表達(dá)
劉勇1,2,安艷芳2,王仲霞2,楊建業(yè)2,吳君2
(1南方醫(yī)科大學(xué)深圳醫(yī)院,廣東 深圳518101; 2 湖北醫(yī)藥學(xué)院附屬人民醫(yī)院,湖北 十堰442000)
[摘要]目的評(píng)估細(xì)胞穿透肽CCL融合蛋白構(gòu)建的可能性。方法將CCL6-PEP-6XHis構(gòu)建至pABP質(zhì)粒,然后提取pABP-CCL6-PEP質(zhì)粒進(jìn)行人胚腎HEK293細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)染表達(dá),以及CCL6-PEP-6XHis 蛋白層析純化和檢測。結(jié)果成功構(gòu)建并純化細(xì)胞穿透肽CCL融合蛋白。將CCL6-PEP-6XHis Tag 基因經(jīng)PCR擴(kuò)增、接入T 載體、克隆、培養(yǎng),并提取質(zhì)粒進(jìn)行測序鑒定,所得序列與目的基因一致。成功將CCL6-PEP-6XHis基因構(gòu)建至哺乳動(dòng)物細(xì)胞表達(dá)載體pABP 中,經(jīng)質(zhì)粒提取和酶切鑒定,電泳結(jié)果顯示,HindⅢ + XbaⅠ切出約430 bp的條帶,符合預(yù)期,酶切鑒定正確。蛋白質(zhì)印跡法(Western Blot)檢測結(jié)果陽性,表明純化得到的目標(biāo)蛋白帶有hisx6標(biāo)簽。結(jié)論細(xì)胞穿透肽CCL融合蛋白能夠人工構(gòu)建,并通過真核細(xì)胞進(jìn)行表達(dá)。
[關(guān)鍵詞]細(xì)胞穿透肽; CCL; 基因表達(dá); 重組融合蛋白質(zhì)
[Chin J Infect Control,2016,15(6):361-366]
由于多重耐藥菌傳播快,開發(fā)新的抗菌藥物迫在眉捷,是重要的醫(yī)學(xué)問題[1]??咕?antibacterial peptides)是廣泛存在于動(dòng)植物體內(nèi),具有一定抗菌譜的小分子肽,是哺乳動(dòng)物抗感染防御中的重要成分,可參與先天免疫和炎性應(yīng)答諸多方面,具有保守的信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)通路[2-6]。CCL6是抗微生物肽(AMP)的重要一員,在腸道等器官大量分布,易于提取,是具有臨床潛力的藥物之一[7-8]。但CCL6由于分子小,易被蛋白酶降解,限制了其臨床應(yīng)用。利用新型技術(shù)提高抗菌肽的穿透力,是抗菌肽研究的熱點(diǎn)和關(guān)鍵問題[7,9]。假設(shè)細(xì)胞穿透肽也可以促進(jìn)抗菌肽的定位及提高局部濃度,從而可大幅度提高抗菌肽的體內(nèi)外抗菌活性。本研究評(píng)估構(gòu)建細(xì)胞穿透肽CCL6融合蛋白的可能性。
1材料與方法
1.1實(shí)驗(yàn)材料人胚腎HEK293細(xì)胞(ATCC,Catalog #CRL21573) 為本研究室保存。大腸埃希菌DH5α、質(zhì)粒pSectagA、pEGFP2C1、哺乳動(dòng)物細(xì)胞表達(dá)載體pABP、CD 293 TGE medium、(cat#CM-1156) BP fectin轉(zhuǎn)染試劑購自北京百普賽斯生物科技有限公司,其他試劑均為國產(chǎn)分析純。
1.2方法
1.2.1CCL6-PEP-6XHis基因密碼子優(yōu)化及合成在Pubmed上查詢CCL6及PEP蛋白基因序列,利用Premier Primer軟件進(jìn)行密碼子優(yōu)化后,設(shè)計(jì)合成的CCL6-PEP-6XHis Tag基因,再根據(jù)目的基因設(shè)計(jì)引物進(jìn)行聚合酶鏈反應(yīng)(PCR)。切膠回收目的片段,將PCR 產(chǎn)物連入T 載體,挑取克隆進(jìn)行培養(yǎng),提取質(zhì)粒進(jìn)行測序鑒定。通過比對,獲得正確的CCL6-PEP-6XHis 基因序列。
1.2.2質(zhì)粒pABP-CCL6-PEP重組和酶切、測序鑒定CCL6-PEP基因片段以Hind Ⅲ和入XbaⅠ雙酶切,并與同樣酶切的pABP載體于14℃連接過夜, 連接產(chǎn)物轉(zhuǎn)入50 μL Top10 感受態(tài)細(xì)胞,挑取4個(gè)單菌落過夜振蕩培養(yǎng)后,提取質(zhì)粒并進(jìn)行酶切鑒定。反應(yīng)均按常規(guī)方法操作,利用Primer軟件設(shè)計(jì)添加含Hind Ⅲ和入XbaⅠ酶切位點(diǎn)的CCL6-PEP-6Xhis的產(chǎn)物引物,并利用所設(shè)計(jì)引物進(jìn)行PCR。將PCR產(chǎn)物導(dǎo)入pABP HindⅢ + XbaⅠ酶切線性化載體,再將連接產(chǎn)物轉(zhuǎn)入50 μL Top10 感受態(tài)細(xì)胞,接種平板過夜培養(yǎng),挑取若干單菌落過夜振蕩培養(yǎng)后,提取質(zhì)粒;對所提質(zhì)粒進(jìn)行Hind Ⅲ + XbaⅠ酶切鑒定,并進(jìn)行測序鑒定。
1.2.3CCL6-PEP-6XHis質(zhì)粒制備與瞬時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)染將鑒定正確的質(zhì)粒轉(zhuǎn)化到DH5a菌中,接種平皿挑取單菌落放大培養(yǎng),并用DNA提取試劑盒制備轉(zhuǎn)染用質(zhì)粒DNA。將HEK293細(xì)胞以0.5×106cells/mL 接種密度接種至 3 L細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)反應(yīng)器中,初始工作體積為1.2 L,培養(yǎng)溫度37℃攪拌轉(zhuǎn)速150 r/min。當(dāng)活細(xì)胞密度達(dá)(1.5~2.0)×106cells/mL 時(shí), 用0.8 L 的新鮮無血清/化學(xué)成分界定培養(yǎng)基(CD 293 TGE medium)稀釋至終體積為2.4 L?;罴?xì)胞密度稀釋后15 h再度達(dá)到(1.5~2.0)×106cells/mL 時(shí),用BP fectin作為轉(zhuǎn)染試劑,以3 μL轉(zhuǎn)染試劑/106細(xì)胞, 和1 μL DNA/106細(xì)胞的劑量轉(zhuǎn)染細(xì)胞。轉(zhuǎn)染復(fù)合物根據(jù)ACRO Biosystems 說明書進(jìn)行,并在轉(zhuǎn)染24 h后,以5%/5% (V/V) 比例加入Feed X Supplement補(bǔ)料, 并在轉(zhuǎn)染24 h 和96 h后分別加入ACRO Biosystems 20 mmol/L 及4 mmol/L葡萄糖和谷氨酰胺濃縮液。整個(gè)細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)過程中,每天觀察計(jì)數(shù)細(xì)胞,并在轉(zhuǎn)染后收獲HEK293細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)液。
1.2.4CCL6-PEP-6XHis蛋白的層析純化和檢測收集無血清細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)液,經(jīng)低速離心去除細(xì)胞和細(xì)胞碎片,所得培養(yǎng)液上清采用0.45 μm濾膜過濾、澄清,去除細(xì)胞碎片顆粒,使用5 mL金屬螯合親和層析進(jìn)行分離,依次采用40、100、250 和500 mmol/L咪唑階段梯度進(jìn)行洗脫,對洗脫物進(jìn)行SDS-PAGE 電泳檢測。然后使用Anti-hisx6 抗體對Peak4(峰4)進(jìn)行蛋白質(zhì)印跡法(Western Blot)檢測。
2結(jié)果
2.1CCL6-PEP-6XHis基因密碼子優(yōu)化及合成經(jīng)過Primer軟件進(jìn)行密碼子優(yōu)化后,需要合成的CCL6-PEP-6XHis Tag 基因見圖1~2。針對該序列共設(shè)計(jì)18條引物(CCL6-01、02……18 )進(jìn)行PCR擴(kuò)增,切膠回收目的片段,連接PCR產(chǎn)物入T 載體,挑取若干克隆進(jìn)行培養(yǎng),并提取質(zhì)粒進(jìn)行測序鑒定,所得序列符合目的基因。
藍(lán)色部分:mouse CCL6 序列;紅色部分:PEP1 序列;黃色部分:6XHis Tag 序列
圖2 CCL6-PEP-6XHis基因PCR產(chǎn)物電泳圖
Figure 2Electrophoretogram of PCR product of CCL6-PEP-6XHis gene
2.2質(zhì)粒pABP-CCL6-PEP 重組成功將CCL6-PEP-6XHis基因構(gòu)建至哺乳動(dòng)物細(xì)胞表達(dá)載體pABP 中。設(shè)計(jì)載體構(gòu)建引物,設(shè)計(jì)的引物進(jìn)行PCR 擴(kuò)增。見表1、圖3。
2.3細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)PCR產(chǎn)物導(dǎo)入pABP Hind Ⅲ + XbaⅠ酶切線性化載體,再將連接產(chǎn)物轉(zhuǎn)入50 μL Top10 感受態(tài)細(xì)胞,接種平板過夜培養(yǎng)。隔夜培養(yǎng)平板培養(yǎng)出>100 個(gè)單菌落。見圖4。
表1 設(shè)計(jì)載體構(gòu)建引物
A:PCR粗產(chǎn)物;B:回收產(chǎn)物;C:酶切后產(chǎn)物
Figure 3Electrophoretogram of PCR product, extracted PCR product, and restriction enzyme-digested PCR product of pABP-CCL6-PEP gene
圖4 質(zhì)粒pABP-CCL6-PEP重組克隆隔夜培養(yǎng)平板
Figure 4Overnight incubated plates of recombinant clones of plasmid pABP-CCL6-PEP
2.3.1酶切鑒定挑取4 個(gè)單菌落過夜振蕩培養(yǎng)后,提取質(zhì)粒,對所提的4 管質(zhì)粒進(jìn)行酶切鑒定,電泳結(jié)果顯示,HindⅢ + XbaⅠ切出約430 bp的條帶,符合預(yù)期,表明酶切鑒定正確。見圖5。
圖5 質(zhì)粒pABP-CCL6-PEP及其酶切鑒定電泳圖
Figure 5Electrophoretogram of plasmid pABP-CCL6-PEP and restriction enzyme digestion
2.3.2表達(dá)載體測序結(jié)果對表達(dá)載體pABP-CCL6-PEP進(jìn)行測序鑒定,比對結(jié)果表明,測序完全正確,符合設(shè)計(jì)。見圖6。
圖6 pABP-CCL6-PEP基因測序圖
2.4CCL6-PEP-6XHis質(zhì)粒制備與瞬時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)染
2.4.1CCL6-PEP-6XHis質(zhì)粒制備將鑒定正確的質(zhì)粒轉(zhuǎn)化到DH5a菌中,接種平皿培養(yǎng)后挑取單菌落放大培養(yǎng),并用DNA提取試劑盒制備轉(zhuǎn)染用質(zhì)粒DNA。提取質(zhì)粒名稱CCL6-PEP-6XHis,DNA比光度為1.82,數(shù)量為13.2,轉(zhuǎn)染DNA為3.8 mg。
2.4.2細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)與瞬時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)染細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)染后的生長曲線見圖7。細(xì)胞峰活細(xì)胞密度(Peak VCD)達(dá)4.8 million/mL,總細(xì)胞密度(TCD)達(dá)7.66 million/mL,活細(xì)胞比VCD/TCD為63%。
2.5CCL6-PEP-6XHis蛋白的層析純化和檢測
2.5.1CCL6-PEP-6XHis蛋白層析純化約2.8 L無血清細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)液經(jīng)過15 min低速離心(4 000 r/min)去除細(xì)胞和細(xì)胞碎片,依次采用不同濃度咪唑階段梯度進(jìn)行洗脫,層析分離圖譜見圖8。以上金屬螯合親和層析收集各洗脫峰,SDS-PAGE還原電泳檢測。峰4(P4)為500 mmol/L咪唑洗脫后所得目標(biāo)蛋白。總細(xì)胞上清液為2 650 mL,目標(biāo)蛋白約43 mL,根據(jù)紫外分光儀波長280 nm檢測,目標(biāo)蛋白低于最低檢測閾值。
圖7CCL6-PEP-6XHis質(zhì)粒在HEK293細(xì)胞中瞬時(shí)表達(dá)生長曲線
Figure 7Growth curve of transient expression of plasmid CCL6-PEP-6XHis in HEK293 cell
2.5.2目標(biāo)蛋白SDS-PAGE電泳分析根據(jù)SDS-PAGE電泳分析(見圖9),目標(biāo)蛋白(約15 kD)與金屬螯合填料(IMAC)結(jié)合較強(qiáng),需使用500 mmol/L 咪唑洗脫(P4)。根據(jù)電泳條帶估計(jì),純化得到0.05~0.1 mg痕量目標(biāo)蛋白,當(dāng)前方案的表達(dá)量較低。
圖8 CCL6-PEP-6XHis蛋白金屬螯合親和層析分離純化層析圖譜
柱M:蛋白Marker;柱1:細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)上清液;柱2:未洗脫前離心液;柱3—5: 分別為40、100、250 mmol/L 咪唑洗脫后;柱6:第三峰(P3)尾峰的250 mmol/L咪唑洗脫后;柱7—8: 500 mmol/L 咪唑洗脫后 (CCL-PEP-6XHis),其中柱8采用20倍濃縮
圖9CCL6-PEP-6XHis蛋白層析分離純化還原電泳分析圖
Figure 9Electrophoretogram of chromatographic separation and purification of CCL6-PEP-6XHis protein
2.6CCL6-PEP-6XHis蛋白Western Blot檢測使用Anti-hisx6抗體對P4進(jìn)行Western Blot檢測,結(jié)果確定為陽性,表明純化得到的目標(biāo)蛋白帶有hisx6標(biāo)簽,但由于濃度較低,顯色條帶肉眼觀察較淺。見圖10。
1泳道:陽性對照;2泳道:空白對照; 3泳道:Marker; 4泳道:洗脫后的P4
圖10CCL6-PEP-6XHis蛋白Western Blot 檢測結(jié)果
Figure 10Western Blot analysis on CCL6-PEP-6XHis protein
3討論
多重耐藥菌是臨床期待解決的問題。腸道分泌的CCL6具有廣泛抗病原體作用,且對人體無害,是一種理想的候選抗菌藥物[7,10-12]。但CCL6由于分子小,易被蛋白酶降解,限制了其臨床應(yīng)用。利用新型技術(shù)提高抗菌肽的穿透力,是抗菌肽研究的熱點(diǎn)和關(guān)鍵問題。本研究成功構(gòu)建了細(xì)胞穿透肽CCL6融合蛋白,為進(jìn)一步高表達(dá)目的蛋白及體內(nèi)外實(shí)驗(yàn)奠定了基礎(chǔ)。
研究[13]表明,HEK293細(xì)胞是比較理想的宿主細(xì)胞。本課題中的CCL6由于具有殺菌作用,不宜于采用傳統(tǒng)的大腸埃希菌培養(yǎng)。初試中載體細(xì)菌起初濃度呈指數(shù)增加,但隨時(shí)間進(jìn)展,尤其3 d后數(shù)量又呈指數(shù)下降,大腸埃希菌表達(dá)的CCL6由于自身的殺傷作用導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)量低下。表明CCL6具有強(qiáng)大的殺菌作用,且與濃度呈正相關(guān),大腸埃希菌并非其理想表達(dá)系統(tǒng)。由于CCL6機(jī)制主要為破壞細(xì)菌細(xì)胞壁,因而對細(xì)胞無損傷[10]。本組研究采用HEK 293細(xì)胞作為宿主細(xì)胞,避免了對宿主的破壞,提高了蛋白的產(chǎn)出率。
CCL6的最低抑菌濃度值較高,達(dá)到理想殺菌效果的濃度需100 nmoL左右,表明CCL6的細(xì)胞壁穿透能力有待進(jìn)一步提高。該濃度的CCL6價(jià)格昂貴,限制了其在臨床廣泛使用。因而增強(qiáng)CCL6的透壁能力十分必要。PEP-1是一種穿透蛋白,能夠增強(qiáng)靶分子的細(xì)胞壁穿透能力。既往研究[14-15]表明,PEP-1能夠增強(qiáng)靶蛋白的穿透能力,提高生物活性,如SOD,EGFP和過氧化氫酶等。理論上PEP-1可以提高CCL6的穿壁能力,但能夠提高CCL6的穿壁能力是否一定提高殺菌能力尚需要進(jìn)一步研究。本研究為進(jìn)一步評(píng)估CCL6的殺菌機(jī)制,開發(fā)新一代抗菌素奠定了技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)。本研究的限制之處為靶蛋白的濃度和產(chǎn)量還不夠高,未來實(shí)驗(yàn)中需要予以進(jìn)一步改良和優(yōu)化。
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(本文編輯:左雙燕)
Construction and expression of cell-penetrating peptide CCL fusion protein expression vector
LIUYong1,2,ANYan-fang2,WANGZhong-xia2,YANGJian-ye2,WUJun2
(1ShenzhenHospitalofSouthernMedicalUniversity,Shenzhen518101,China; 2RenminHospitalAffiliatedtoHubeiUniversityofMedicine,Shiyan442000,China)
[Abstract]ObjectiveTo evaluate the construction of expression vector for fusion protein of cell-penetrating peptide CCL (PEP-CCL). MethodsCCL6-PEP-6XHis was inserted into plasmid pABP, pABP-CCL6-PEP plasmid was extracted and then transfected into HEK293 cells, CCL6-PEP-6XHis was expressed and purified by chromatography and detected with Western Blot. ResultsPEP-CCL express vector was successfully constructed and purified. PCR product of CCL6-PEP-6XHis Tag was ligated with T vector, recombinant was transferred into the host cells, then host cells were cultured, plasmid was extracted and sequenced, the sequence was identical to targeted gene. CCL6-PEP-6XHis was successfully inserted into the eukaryotic expression vector pABP, plasmid was extracted and digested, electrophoresis results revealed that a fragment with 430bp was digested by Hind Ⅲ+XbaⅠ, which was identical to the expected value. Western Blot revealed that CCL6-PEP fusion protein could be recognized by His monoclonal antibody. ConclusionPEP-CCL express vector can be constructed and expressed in eukaryotic cells.
[Key words]cell-penetrating peptide; CCL; gene expression; recombinant fusion protein
[收稿日期]2015-08-23
[基金項(xiàng)目]湖北省教育廳重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目支持(D20112101)
[作者簡介]劉勇(1973-),湖北省十堰市人,男(漢族),副主任醫(yī)師,主要從事危重病研究。 [通信作者]吳君E-mail:1091372776@qq.com
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1671-9638.2016.06.001
[中圖分類號(hào)]R3Q2-33
[文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼]A
[文章編號(hào)]1671-9638(2016)06-0361-06
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