Src激酶抑制劑ZD6474對(duì)乳腺癌MCF-7細(xì)胞增殖的影響及機(jī)制
趙玉濤,楊迎花,趙劍平
(邯鄲市中心醫(yī)院,河北邯鄲 056001)
摘要:目的探討Src激酶抑制劑ZD6474對(duì)乳腺癌MCF-7細(xì)胞增殖的影響及機(jī)制。方法取對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期的MCF-7細(xì)胞,分別加入1×10-6 mol/L、1×10-5 mol/L、1×10-4 mol/L、1×10-3 mol/L、1×10-2 mol/L的Src激酶抑制劑ZD6474。采用MTT法測(cè)算細(xì)胞增殖抑制率。采用Transwell法檢測(cè) MCF-7細(xì)胞體外侵襲能力。采用Western blotting法檢測(cè)E-鈣黏素(E-cadherin)及β-連環(huán)蛋白(β-catenin)蛋白表達(dá)。采用報(bào)告基因技術(shù)檢測(cè)Snail啟動(dòng)子的轉(zhuǎn)錄活性。采用real-time PCR法檢測(cè)E-cadherin和β-catenin mRNA表達(dá)。結(jié)果 ZD6474作用濃度為1×10-5 mol/L和1×10-4 mol/L時(shí),細(xì)胞增殖抑制率分別為12.2%和27.5%。MCF-7細(xì)胞經(jīng)ZD6474處理后,體外侵襲能力明顯下降,1×10-6 mol /L、1×10-5 mol/L、1×10-4 mol/L、1×10-3 mol/L、1×10-2mol /LZD6474作用MCF-7細(xì)胞體外侵襲能力分別為8.3%、14.2%、32.6%、51.4%、76.5%。Src激酶抑制劑作用后E-cadherin mRNA和蛋白表達(dá)上調(diào),β-catenin mRNA和蛋白表達(dá)及Snail啟動(dòng)子轉(zhuǎn)錄活性下調(diào)。結(jié)論 Src蛋白激酶抑制劑ZD6474可抑制乳腺癌細(xì)胞增殖,其機(jī)制可能通過(guò)上調(diào)E-caherin表達(dá),下調(diào)β-catenin表達(dá),減弱Snail啟動(dòng)子轉(zhuǎn)錄活性,從而抑制乳腺癌細(xì)胞的侵襲和轉(zhuǎn)移。
關(guān)鍵詞:乳腺癌;Src激酶抑制劑;細(xì)胞增殖
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-266X.2015.45.005
中圖分類號(hào):R737.9 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A
基金項(xiàng)目:河北省衛(wèi)生廳科研
作者簡(jiǎn)介:第一趙玉濤(1977-),女,主管護(hù)師,主要從事血液腫瘤研究。 E-mail:1909563788@qq.com
作者簡(jiǎn)介:通信趙劍平(1976-),女,主管護(hù)師,主要從事腫瘤免疫學(xué)研究。E-mail:bairui.lv@hotmail.com
收稿日期:(2015-06-24)
Influence of Src kinase inhibitor ZD6474 on breast cancer
MCF-7 cells and its mechanism
ZHAOYu-tao,YANGYing-hua,ZHAOJian-ping
(HandanCentralHospital,Handan056001,China)
Abstract:ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Src kinase inhibitor ZD6474 on the proliferation of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells and its mechanism. Methods MCF-7 cells in logarithmic phase were treated with different concentrations of Src kinase inhibitor ZD6474 (1×10-6 mol/L, 1×10-5 mol /L, 1×10-4 mol /L, 1×10-3 mol /L and 1×10-2 mol /L). The cell growth inhibition rate was calculated by MTT method. Transwell assay was used to detect the invasion ability of MCF-7 cells in vitro. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression of Src, E-cadherin and β-catenin. The activity of Snail promoter was detected by reporter gene technology. Real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin.ResultsWhen the MCF-7 cells were treated with ZD6474 at the concentrations of 1×10-5 mol/L and 1×10-4 mol/L, the inhibition rates were 12.2% and 27.5%. The invasion ability of MCF-7 cells in vitro was significantly decreased after being treated with ZD6474. The invasion abilities of MCF-7 cells treated with 1×10-6 mol/L, 1×10-5 mol/L,1×10-4 mol/L,1×10-3 mol/L and 1×10-2 mol/L ZD6474 were 8.3%, 14.2%, 32.6%, 51.4% and 76.5%, respectively. Src tyrosine kinase inhibitor significantly up-regulated the expression of E-cadherin at protein and mRNA levels, and down-regulated the expression of β-catenin at protein and mRNA levels as well as promoter activity of Snail.ConclusionSrc kinase inhibitor ZD6474 could inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cells, up-regulate the activity of E-caherin, down-regulate the expression of β-catenin and decrease the activity of Snail promoter, and thus it inhibits the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells.
Key words: breast carcinoma; Src kinase inhibitor; cell proliferation
女性乳腺由皮膚、纖維組織、乳腺腺體和脂肪組成,乳腺癌是發(fā)生在乳腺腺上皮組織的惡性腫瘤[1]。乳腺癌中女性占99%,男性僅占1%。乳腺癌發(fā)病率占全身各種惡性腫瘤的7%~10%,僅次于子宮癌[2]。腫瘤上皮間質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)變和腫瘤浸潤(rùn)及轉(zhuǎn)移的關(guān)系備受關(guān)注,可使無(wú)侵襲的腫瘤細(xì)胞獲得浸潤(rùn)能力,促進(jìn)腫瘤形成局部浸潤(rùn)和遠(yuǎn)端轉(zhuǎn)移[3]。Src基因是第一個(gè)被發(fā)現(xiàn)的有內(nèi)在酪氨酸激酶活性的人類癌基因。Src蛋白作為非受體酪氨酸激酶,介導(dǎo)黏附因子、趨化因子、生長(zhǎng)因子等多條下游信號(hào)通路[4,5]。2014年9月~2015年4月,我們探討了Src激酶抑制劑ZD6474對(duì)乳腺癌MCF-7細(xì)胞增殖的影響及機(jī)制?,F(xiàn)報(bào)告如下。
1材料與方法
1.1材料人乳腺癌MCF-7細(xì)胞購(gòu)于中國(guó)科學(xué)院上海細(xì)胞生物研究所。Src激酶抑制劑ZD6474購(gòu)自AstraZeneea公司;單克隆抗體購(gòu)自Biotech公司;化學(xué)發(fā)光HRP底物購(gòu)自Millipore公司;Real-time PCR系統(tǒng)購(gòu)自ABI公司;Transwell購(gòu)自Costar公司;雙熒光報(bào)告基因檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)購(gòu)自Promega公司;二甲基亞砜(DMSO)、DMEM 培養(yǎng)基、MTT購(gòu)自Promega公司。
1.2細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)人乳腺癌MCF-7細(xì)胞用含10%胎牛血清的DMEM培養(yǎng)基,在5%CO2、37 ℃飽和濕度培養(yǎng)箱中培養(yǎng)。
1.3細(xì)胞增殖抑制率的測(cè)算采用 MTT法。取對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期的MCF-7細(xì)胞,制成懸液,進(jìn)行細(xì)胞計(jì)數(shù),取5×103個(gè)細(xì)胞接種至96孔板中,37 ℃、5% CO2飽和濕度培養(yǎng)24 h后,實(shí)驗(yàn)組分別加入不同濃度(1×10-6mol /L、1×10-5mol/L、1×10-4mol/L、1×10-3mol/L、1×10-2mol/L)的Src激酶抑制劑ZD6474,分別設(shè)置細(xì)胞對(duì)照(對(duì)照組)及空白對(duì)照,每組樣本設(shè)5個(gè)復(fù)孔,溫育48 h后,加入MTT,培養(yǎng)2 h后于490 nm處測(cè)定吸光度值(A值)。細(xì)胞增殖抑制率=(1-實(shí)驗(yàn)組A值/對(duì)照組A值)×100%。
1.4MCF-7細(xì)胞體外侵襲能力檢測(cè)采用Transwell法。SRC激酶抑制劑ZD6474處理對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期的MCF-7細(xì)胞48 h后,將8 μm孔徑聚碳酸酯微孔濾膜的Transwell小室4 ℃預(yù)冷后,小室上層均勻平鋪25 μL Matrigel膠,37 ℃孵育3 h。將含5×105個(gè)細(xì)胞的0.1% BSA懸液加到上室,下室加入600 μL的0.1% BSA,37 ℃培養(yǎng)24 h。取出膜,膜上層剩余細(xì)胞,甲醛固定膜下層細(xì)胞,蘇木精染色,高倍光學(xué)顯微鏡下計(jì)數(shù),取平均值,計(jì)算百分比。
1.5Src、E-cadherin及β-catenin蛋白表達(dá)檢測(cè)采用Western blotting法。將人乳腺癌MCF-7細(xì)胞接種于直徑10 cm培養(yǎng)皿上,待細(xì)胞長(zhǎng)滿培養(yǎng)皿的90%時(shí),給予不同濃度的Src激酶抑制劑ZD6474(1×10-6mol /L、1×10-5mol/L、1×10-4mol/L、1×10-3mol /L、1×10-2mol /L),37 ℃下溫育6 h,用預(yù)冷的PBS漂洗2次,立即加入300 mL細(xì)胞裂解液,14 000 r/min離心5 min,取上清液,用蛋白分析試劑測(cè)量提取蛋白的濃度。取80 μg蛋白質(zhì),應(yīng)用12% SDS-PAGE法進(jìn)行分離后,轉(zhuǎn)移至PVDF膜,5%的脫脂牛奶室溫封閉1 h,加入兔抗人Src酪氨酸磷酸化特異性多克隆抗體1∶500稀釋,鼠抗人E-cadherin單克隆抗體1∶500稀釋,鼠抗人β-catenin單克隆抗體1∶500稀釋,1∶200稀釋的鼠抗人β-actin單克隆抗體作為內(nèi)對(duì)照,4 ℃反應(yīng)過(guò)夜,用含0.1%Tween 20的TBS洗膜,加入1∶1 000稀釋的辣根過(guò)氧化物酶標(biāo)記的二抗,室溫下反應(yīng)1 h,洗膜后顯色,將條帶結(jié)果進(jìn)行掃描。
1.6Snail啟動(dòng)子轉(zhuǎn)錄活性的檢測(cè) 取對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期的MCF-7細(xì)胞,接種于6孔板,用不同濃度ZD6474溫育6 h,應(yīng)用Lipofec-tamineTM2000轉(zhuǎn)染pSnail-luc和CMV啟動(dòng)子海腎熒光酶內(nèi)標(biāo)報(bào)告基因載體24 h后,用雙熒光酶測(cè)定試劑盒檢測(cè)Snail啟動(dòng)子的轉(zhuǎn)錄活性,計(jì)算螢火蟲熒光酶激發(fā)光子數(shù)目和海腎熒光酶激發(fā)光子數(shù)目的比值。
1.7E-cadherin及β-catenin mRNA表達(dá)檢測(cè)采用real-time PCR法。取對(duì)數(shù)生長(zhǎng)期的MCF-7細(xì)胞,接種于6孔板,用不同濃度的Src激酶抑制劑ZD6474在37 ℃條件下溫育6 h,2 000 r/min離心10 min、細(xì)胞收集后用TRIzol抽提總RNA,并將GAPDH作為內(nèi)參照,用以下引物序列擴(kuò)增:GAPDH上游引物序列5′-CCACCCATGGCAAATTCCACTA-3′,下游引物序列5′-GATGGGAATTCCATTGATGACA-3′;β-catenin上游引物序列5′-GCTCTTCGTCATCTGACCAGCC-3′,下游引物序列5′-GAGCAAGGTCACAGAGGACCC-3′; E-cadherin上游引物序列5′-CACTGACACCAACGATAATCC-3′,下游引物序列5′-TCAGTGTGGTGATTACGACGTT-3′。擴(kuò)增條件:預(yù)變性94 ℃,5 min,共進(jìn)行35個(gè)循環(huán)擴(kuò)增,每一循環(huán)包括95 ℃ 5 s、65 ℃ 35 s。
1.8統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法采用SPSS11.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件。數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)采用t檢驗(yàn)與方差分析。P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2結(jié)果
2.1ZD6474對(duì)人乳腺癌MCF-7細(xì)胞增殖能力的影響 1×10-6mol /L、1×10-5mol/L、1×10-4mol/L、1×10-3mol /L、1×10-2mol /L的ZD6474處理MCF-7細(xì)胞后,MCF-7細(xì)胞增殖明顯受抑,且隨著藥物濃度的加大,細(xì)胞增殖的抑制作用越明顯,且呈現(xiàn)劑量依賴性。在ZD6474濃度為1×10-6mol/L、1×10-5mol/L、1×10-4mol/L、1×10-3mol /L、1×10-2mol /L時(shí),MCF-7細(xì)胞增殖抑制率分別為5.3%、12.1%、27.8%、48.6%、67.3%。
2.2ZD6474 對(duì)人乳腺癌MCF-7細(xì)胞體外侵襲能力的影響 MCF-7細(xì)胞經(jīng)ZD6474處理后,體外侵襲能力明顯下降,1×10-6mol /L、1×10-5mol/L、1×10-4mol/L、1×10-3mol/L、1×10-2mol /L ZD6474作用后,MCF-7細(xì)胞體外侵襲能力分別為8.3%、14.2%、32.6%、51.4%、76.5%。
2.3ZD6474對(duì)MCF-7細(xì)胞Src、E-cadherin及β-catenin蛋白表達(dá)的影響MCF-7細(xì)胞經(jīng)ZD6474(1×10-6mol /L、1×10-5mol/L、1×10-4mol/L、1×10-3mol /L)處理后,Src、E-cadherin及β-catenin蛋白表達(dá)呈明顯劑量依賴性(P均<0.05),結(jié)果見表1、圖1、圖2。
表1 不同濃度的ZD6474對(duì)MCF-7細(xì)胞中Src、
圖1 ZD6474對(duì)MCF-7細(xì)胞中Src蛋白表達(dá)的影響
圖2 ZD6474對(duì)MCF-7細(xì)胞中E-cadherin和
2.4ZD6474對(duì)MCF-7細(xì)胞Snail啟動(dòng)子轉(zhuǎn)錄活性的影響ZD6474作用人乳腺癌MCF-7細(xì)胞后,Snail啟動(dòng)子轉(zhuǎn)錄活性隨ZD6474濃度的增加而減弱。對(duì)照、1×10-6mol /L、1×10-5mol/L、1×10-4mol/L、1×10-3mol /L、1×10-2mol /L的ZD6474作用后,MCF-7細(xì)胞Snail啟動(dòng)子轉(zhuǎn)錄活性分別為100%、57.3%、49.6%、35.2%、19.4%、11.2%。
2.5ZD6474對(duì)MCF-7細(xì)胞E-cadherin、β-catenin mRNA表達(dá)的影響經(jīng)ZD6474處理后,E-cadherin mRNA表達(dá)呈明顯上升趨勢(shì),并隨著ZD6474濃度增加,E-cadherin mRNA表達(dá)增加,β-catenin mRNA表達(dá)呈下降趨勢(shì),并呈劑量依賴性(P<0.05,表2)。
表2 不同濃度的ZD6474對(duì)MCF-7細(xì)胞中E-cadherin、
3討論
目前乳腺癌已成為威脅女性身心健康的常見腫瘤。臨床應(yīng)用的內(nèi)分泌治療是采用藥物或去除內(nèi)分泌腺體的方法來(lái)調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)體內(nèi)分泌功能[6,7],減少內(nèi)分泌激素的分泌量,從而達(dá)到治療乳腺癌的目的,乳腺并不是維持人體生命活動(dòng)的重要器官,原位乳腺癌并不致命,但由于乳腺癌細(xì)胞喪失了正常細(xì)胞的特性,細(xì)胞之間連接松散,容易脫落。癌細(xì)胞一旦脫落,游離的癌細(xì)胞可隨血液或淋巴播散全身,形成轉(zhuǎn)移,危及生命[8~10]。盡管近些年來(lái)對(duì)乳腺癌的研究已取得了很大進(jìn)展,但對(duì)于其發(fā)病機(jī)制和轉(zhuǎn)移機(jī)制尚不清楚。
惡性腫瘤發(fā)生發(fā)展、浸潤(rùn)和轉(zhuǎn)移是一個(gè)極其復(fù)雜的過(guò)程。Src基因是第一個(gè)被發(fā)現(xiàn)的有內(nèi)在酪氨酸激酶活性的人類癌基因。Src蛋白作為非受體酪氨酸激酶,介導(dǎo)生長(zhǎng)因子、黏附因子、趨化因子等多條下游信號(hào)通路[10]。乳腺癌組織中Src表達(dá)顯著升高,且常存在異?;罨閷?dǎo)下游多條信號(hào)通路的改變。Src的過(guò)度表達(dá)和活化在調(diào)節(jié)腫瘤血管生成、細(xì)胞增殖、生存、遷移及侵襲等方面起重要作用[11~13]。ZD6474作為Src 激酶抑制劑,迄今鮮見其對(duì)腫瘤細(xì)胞生物學(xué)特性的影響及機(jī)制研究[14]。Src是一種膜相關(guān)的無(wú)需受體的信號(hào)傳導(dǎo)蛋白激酶,在各類細(xì)胞與細(xì)胞間的黏附分子接頭中大量存在于肝癌細(xì)胞中。E-cadherin的胞質(zhì)區(qū)域通過(guò)細(xì)胞質(zhì)蛋白與細(xì)胞骨架的肌動(dòng)蛋白絲相連,亦是細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)移的抑制因子,能降低癌細(xì)胞的轉(zhuǎn)移能力[15~17]。因此,本研究通過(guò)ZD6474處理人乳腺癌MCF-7細(xì)胞,然后檢測(cè)其增殖和轉(zhuǎn)移能力的變化,從而闡明ZD6474對(duì)乳腺癌細(xì)胞增殖和轉(zhuǎn)移的作用。Src 激酶在多數(shù)惡性腫瘤組織中過(guò)表達(dá),在外界信號(hào)通過(guò)細(xì)胞表面受體傳導(dǎo)入細(xì)胞內(nèi)的過(guò)程中,Src 活化并磷酸化細(xì)胞內(nèi)大量的酶作用底物,通過(guò)復(fù)雜的信號(hào)傳導(dǎo)到E-caherin,最終影響細(xì)胞間黏附能力。
本研究我們發(fā)現(xiàn),人乳腺癌MCF-7細(xì)胞經(jīng)ZD6474處理后,Src、β-catenin蛋白表達(dá)水平明顯降低,E-cadherin 表達(dá)水平顯著增高。通過(guò)腫瘤細(xì)胞黏附實(shí)驗(yàn)和體外侵襲實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn),乳腺癌MCF-7細(xì)胞經(jīng)ZD6474處理后,黏附及侵襲能力顯著下降,且呈濃度依賴性。MTT試驗(yàn)檢測(cè)人乳腺癌MCF-7細(xì)胞的增殖情況,結(jié)果顯示ZD6474能明顯抑制細(xì)胞的增殖。
Snail是一種鋅指轉(zhuǎn)錄因子,有促進(jìn)細(xì)胞遷移的作用,與腫瘤浸潤(rùn)和轉(zhuǎn)移密切相關(guān)。沉默腫瘤細(xì)胞中Snail表達(dá)能顯著抑制腫瘤的生長(zhǎng)與侵襲。乳腺癌細(xì)胞MCF-7被Src特異性阻斷劑作用后,Snail啟動(dòng)子轉(zhuǎn)錄活性隨阻斷劑濃度的增加而減弱,提示Snail高表達(dá)與乳腺癌侵襲和轉(zhuǎn)移明顯相關(guān),這些現(xiàn)象表明如果抑制Src激酶表達(dá),有可能使 E-caherin表達(dá)上調(diào),降低惡性腫瘤的轉(zhuǎn)移。
綜上所述,Src激酶抑制劑ZD6474對(duì)乳腺癌細(xì)胞增殖有良好的抑制作用,其機(jī)制可能是通過(guò)上調(diào)E-caherin表達(dá),下調(diào)β-catenin表達(dá),減弱Snail啟動(dòng)子轉(zhuǎn)錄活性,從而抑制乳腺癌細(xì)胞的增殖和侵襲能力。
參考文獻(xiàn):
[1] Elsberger B. Translational evidence on the role of Src kinase and activated Src kinase in invasive breast cancer[J]. Crit Rev Oncol Hemat, 2015,89(3):343-351.
[2] Fan P, Agboke FA, McDaniel RE. et al.Inhibition of c-Src blocks oestrogen-induced apoptosis and restores oestrogen-stimulated growth in long-term oestrogen-deprived breast cancer cells[J]. Eur J Cancer, 2015,50(2):457-468.
[3] Kirkegaard T, Hansen SK, Larsen SL, et al. T47D breast cancer cells switch from ER/HER to HER/c-Src signaling upon acquiring resistance to the antiestrogen fulvestrant[J]. Cancer Lett, 2014,344(1):90-100.
[4] Yun SJ, Hee JC, Sook JK, et al.Src family kinase inhibitor PP2 enhances differentiation of acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line induced by combination of all-trans-retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide[J].Leukemia Res, 2014,38(8):977-982.
[5] Moschetta M, Telegrafo M, Rella L, et al. Let′s go out of the breast: prevalence of extra-mammary findings and their characterization on breast MRI[J]. Eur J Radiol, 2014,83(6):930-934.
[6] Atthias W, Stefanie S, Young E, et al. Src-kinase inhibitors sensitize human cells of myeloid origin to Toll-like-receptor-induced interleukin 12 synthesis [J] . Blood, 2013,122(7):1203-1213.
[7] Austreid E, Lonning PE, Eikesdal HP, et al. The emergence of targeted drugs in breast cancer to prevent resistance to endocrine treatment and chemotherapy[J]. Expert Opin Pharmacol, 2014,15(5):681-700.
[8] Jie G, Hai G, Xiao W, et al. SRC kinase family inhibitor PP2 promotes DMSO-induced cardiac differentiation of P19 cells and inhibits proliferation[J]. Inter J Cardiol, 2015,167(4):1400-1405.
[9] Fang XQ, Liu XF, Yao L, et al. Somatic mutational analysis of FAK in breast cancer: A novel gain-of-function mutation due to deletion of exon 33[J]. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2014,443(2):363-369.
[10] Kiarashi N, Lo JY, Lin Y, et al. Development and Application of a Suite of 4-D Virtual Breast Phantoms for Optimization and Evaluation of Breast Imaging Systems[J]. IEEE Trans Med Imag, 2014,33(7):1401-1409.
[11] Jiang WW, Li AH, Zheng YP, et al. A semi-automated 3-d annotation method for breast ultrasound imaging: System development and feasibility study on phantoms[J]. Ultra Med Biol, 2014,40(2):434-446.
[12] Moran MS, Schnitt SJ, Giuliano AE, et al. Society of surgical oncology-American society for radiation oncology consensus guideline on margins for breast-conserving surgery with whole-breast irradiation in stages i and II invasive breast cancer[J]. Int J Rad Oncol, 2014,88(3):553-564.
[13] Li HY, Cui XY, Wu W, et al. Pyk2 and Src mediate signaling to CCL18-induced breast cancer metastasis[J]. J Cell Biochem, 2014,115(3):596-603.
[14] Dos S, Tinisha M, Yin WH, et al. The Src and c-Kit kinase inhibitor dasatinib enhances p53-mediated targeting of human acute myeloid leukemia stem cells by chemotherapeutic agents [J]. Blood, 2015,122(11):1900-1913.
[15] Molina JR, Foster NR, Reungwetwattana T, et al. A phase II trial of the Src-kinase inhibitor saracatinib after four cycles of chemotherapy for patients with extensive stage small cell lung cancer: NCCTG trial N-0621[J]. Lung Cancer, 2014,85(2):245-250.
[16] Zhang F, Zhang H, Wang Z, et al. P-glycoprotein associates with Anxa2 and promotes invasion in multidrug resistant breast cancer cells[J]. Biochem Pharmcol, 2014,87(2):292-302.
[17] DeLuca A, DAlessio A, Gallo M. et al. Src and CXCR4 are involved in the invasiveness of breast cancer cells with acquired resistance to lapatinib[J]. Cell Cycle, 2014,13(1):148-156.