李翔鷹
【摘要】 高三英語第一輪復習在高考備考教學中起著舉足輕重的作用,因為它時間長,容量大,基礎(chǔ)性強,因此,在復習中要充分調(diào)動分類、比較、歸納、總結(jié)等手段,以點帶面,才能在溫故中知新,在鞏固中擴展。這實際上就是要求我們用靈活的方法去學習舊知識。
【關(guān)鍵詞】 第一輪復習 復習手段 方法
【中圖分類號】 G633.41 【文獻標識碼】 A 【文章編號】 1992-7711(2015)09-072-020
進入高三,第一輪復習起著承上啟下的作用。在這一階段,教師要將高中所學的知識和技能進行了認真、詳細、全面的梳理,學生要基本了解高考所要求的知識點、考點等。那么高三第一輪復習如何進行,才能高效呢?
目前高考英語在重視基礎(chǔ)知識的同時,突出考查學生的語言運用能力,形成了以篇章閱讀為主體的試題布局。因此,第一輪復習的過程不應(yīng)是對已學知識的簡單重復和強化,而是一個再學習,再認識、提高理解能力和運用能力的過程。
現(xiàn)就高中人教版教材必修三第五單元:Canada“The True North ”為例,將復習的學案設(shè)計為以下幾個步驟:
復習鞏固基礎(chǔ)知識
對詞匯、短語、句型、語法這些基礎(chǔ)知識的回顧和梳理,能夠使學生把握住本單元的重點。之后在通過一些填空練習,轉(zhuǎn)換句型,翻譯句子等形式,檢驗學生對知識的掌握情況,同時查漏補缺。
一、單詞:根據(jù)首字母或漢語提示完成單詞拼寫,使句子通順。例如:
1. We are very (please) that youve decided to go with us.
2. (measure)are being taken to reduce crime in the city.
3. Many visitors like the (surround) in the town so much that theyd like to live there for a life.
4. When it comes to job interview, first (impress) are important.
5. The film terrified all the children in the cinema and even some adults had expression on their faces. (terrify)
Keys: pleased; surrounding; impression; terrifying, terrified;
二、短語、句型:將相應(yīng)的英語填到空格處,或按題后的要求完成,并用部分短語、句型造句。例如:
1.與其,不愿
2.定居,平靜下來
3. 對……有天賦
4. 靠近
5. I my old friend in town today.( 看見,瞥見)
用以上1、2、3、4、這幾道題中填出的短語造句。
1.
2.
3.
4.
Keys: rather than; settle down; have a gift for; be close to ; caught sight of;
三、語法: 復習同位語從句,并能夠與定語從句區(qū)分開。
同位語從句用來解釋說明前面的名詞,通常由本身無意義的連詞that引導,通常不可省略。一般在fact news idea hope doubt fear belief dream plan advice suggestion decision 等名詞后有同位語從句,具體說明這些名詞的內(nèi)容。
The news that they won the match is true. (同位語從句:that不做成分,無含義)
The news that you told us yesterday is true. (定語從句:that做成分,有含義)練習:1)There is no doubt that he is the best person for this position. (毫無疑問的是)
2)(2009江西)The fact has worried many scientists the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.(key: that)
強化重點知識拓展
對本單元的重點知識,進行全面系統(tǒng)的歸納、總結(jié)、延伸,使學生對本部分知識有一個詳細的認識,并能靈活應(yīng)用。
一、詞匯的拓展與延伸
下面例舉幾個詞匯復習的案例:
1.surround vt.&vi. 包圍,圍繞
拓展:surrounding adj.周圍的 surroundings (常用pl.)環(huán)境
用法:be surrounded by/with 周圍都是……
Surround…with 用……包圍
例句:The police surrounded the house.=The house was surrounded by the police.
練習: by a group of children ,he felt happy.
There is no such kind of modern hospital in the areas.
She has always been fashionable friends.
She hopes to bring up her children in healthy .
With the house , the thief couldnt flee and was caught.
(keys: surrounded surrounding surrounded with surrounding surrounded)
2.terrify vt. 使恐怖;恐嚇
拓展:terrifying adj 可怕的,令人恐怖的 terrified adj. 恐怖的 terror n. 恐懼
用法:be terrified at/by sth. 被…..恐嚇
be terrified of sh=be afraid of 害怕……
例句:They were terrified at his sudden appearance.
= His sudden appearance terrified them.
The child was terrified of being left alone in the house.
練習:She that Ronnie would kidnap Sam.
It was a experience that a expression was on his face.
(keys: was terrified that; terrifying; terrified )
二、句型的拓展與延伸
在詞匯復習的基礎(chǔ)上,教師可開展詞型練習??蓞⒖枷旅娴母袷竭M行。
課文例句:It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 900 meters.那里空氣濕潤,因而數(shù)目長的相當高,有的超過90米。
解釋1:so…that 如此……以至于,后跟結(jié)果狀語從句,常用too to或enough to 來變?yōu)楹唵尉?,如:she was so angry that she couldnt say a word.= She was too angry to say a word.塔臺氣憤以至于說不出話來。
辨析:so…that 與 such...that
二者意義一致,that 均引導結(jié)果狀語從句,但是so為副詞,such為形容詞,所以二者所接詞不一樣的。
So+adj/adv + that或so +adj +a(n) +單名+that
She is so good a teacher that we all love her.
Such + adj +復名+that 或 such +a(n) +單名+that
She is such a good teacher that we all love her.
They are such naughty boys that they often make mistakes.
解釋2:some measuring over 90 meters. 是獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu):獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)由名詞或代詞加上其他成分構(gòu)成,在語法上是一個獨立的短語,不是句子,相當于狀語從句,可表示時間、原因、條件、行為或伴隨情況。其 構(gòu)成:名詞(代詞)+現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、介詞短語,如:
做時間狀語:The meeting over, they left the hall.
做原因狀語:My watch having been lost, I didnt know what time it was.
做條件狀語:Time permitting, I shall go to the cinema with you.
描述伴隨行為或補充說明:Mary entered the room, his hands in his pockets.
練習:根據(jù)句子意思完成句子或翻譯。
She is lovely a girl all of us like very much.
The test (finish), we began our holiday.
Weather (permit), we are going to visit you tomorrow.
He came into the room, his ears (凍得發(fā)紫)
He came out of the library, a book (夾在胳膊下)
(Keys: so that; finished; permitting; his ears red with cold; under his arm.)
精講經(jīng)典高考例題
例如下面題,教師應(yīng)從知識點、情境、選項特點等諸多方面進行剖析。
(2010年陜西) from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.
詳解:考查非謂語動詞作狀語的用法。當從塔頂看的時候,南邊的山腳是一片樹的海洋。動詞see與句中主語是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系,所以用過去分詞。此非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)相當于一個狀語從句:if / when it is seen from the top of the tower. Key: Seen.
落實平時綜合訓練
這一步驟中包含了高考所考題型:聽力理解、單項選擇、完形填空、閱讀理解、改錯、書面表達。能力訓練的目的就是在第一輪基礎(chǔ)知識、基礎(chǔ)技能復習過程中,要適度進行一下綜合訓練,以檢驗第一輪復習的效果,為綜合運用服務(wù)。所以在每冊書復習完之后,有必要進行測試類的訓練。
第一輪復習是高考三輪復習的重中之重,其內(nèi)容之廣,耗時之多是其它兩輪復習不可比擬的,它的好壞決定隨后兩輪復習的質(zhì)量,甚至影響到學生高考的發(fā)揮,必須給予高度的重視。上面介紹的復習方法一改過去傳統(tǒng)的做法,即把字詞、短語、句子只是羅列出了,要求學生學習掌握,而是將重點知識放到一個新的語境中,設(shè)計各種不同試題,讓學生做,檢查他們對這些知識復習、掌握、應(yīng)用的情況。當然,這要求學生提前自覺地復習所學知識,對學生自主學習的習慣和能力有一定的要求。