重視發(fā)展實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì) 重慶這樣穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)

整裝待發(fā) 攝影：周濤

11.0%，這是重慶上半年地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值增速，高出全國(guó)4個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。上半年，重慶工業(yè)和投資保持平穩(wěn)，社會(huì)消費(fèi)平穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)，服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展向好。同時(shí)，能源消耗增速放緩，各項(xiàng)收入增長(zhǎng)也保持穩(wěn)定。

在全國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)下行壓力較大的背景下，重慶是如何做到穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)的？

全國(guó)8輛車，一輛重慶造

“兼顧眼前‘穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)’和長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)‘調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)’，重慶實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展被放到了重要的位置上。今年，重慶產(chǎn)業(yè)類投資占到總量的近50%，而房地產(chǎn)從過(guò)去的30%下降至不到25%?！敝貞c市發(fā)改委主任沈曉鐘說(shuō)。

上半年，重慶規(guī)模以上工業(yè)企業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)總產(chǎn)值9841.72億元，增長(zhǎng)13.0%，規(guī)模以上工業(yè)增加值增長(zhǎng)11.1%，保持2014年以來(lái)增幅持續(xù)高于全國(guó)4個(gè)百分點(diǎn)以上的良好勢(shì)頭。

工業(yè)生產(chǎn)增幅明顯快于全國(guó)的同時(shí)，經(jīng)濟(jì)效益穩(wěn)步提升。1-5月，重慶市規(guī)模以上工業(yè)企業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)利潤(rùn)總額393.79億元，增長(zhǎng)23.3%，高過(guò)全國(guó)20多個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。

“經(jīng)濟(jì)效益的提升，有一個(gè)原因就是重慶支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)形成合力，多點(diǎn)支撐格局凸顯。重慶‘6+1’支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)中，汽車、電子、材料、化醫(yī)行業(yè)增幅均在12%以上?！敝貞c市經(jīng)濟(jì)和信息化委員會(huì)總經(jīng)濟(jì)師涂興永介紹。

上半年，重慶生產(chǎn)汽車155萬(wàn)輛，增長(zhǎng)21.6%；生產(chǎn)筆記本電腦2600萬(wàn)臺(tái)，與去年基本持平；手機(jī)、顯示器產(chǎn)量分別達(dá)7500萬(wàn)臺(tái)和830萬(wàn)臺(tái)，分別增長(zhǎng)60%、45%。

“重慶汽車產(chǎn)量增幅高于全國(guó)20個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，實(shí)現(xiàn)每8輛車就有1輛重慶造?！蓖颗d永認(rèn)為，“汽車制造業(yè)發(fā)揮主引擎作用。而電子產(chǎn)品出貨穩(wěn)定，拉動(dòng)顯著?！?/p>

1-6月，隨著穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)政策的逐步落實(shí)，重慶材料行業(yè)回升態(tài)勢(shì)明顯，完成產(chǎn)值1353億元，產(chǎn)值增長(zhǎng)14.6%；化工行業(yè)經(jīng)歷低位盤整后步入向上軌道，產(chǎn)值514億元，增長(zhǎng)12.7%；醫(yī)藥行業(yè)受產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整等有利因素助推，完成產(chǎn)值240億元，增長(zhǎng)23.8%……

“重慶調(diào)整產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)初見成效，前幾年布局的筆電、跨境電商和一些戰(zhàn)略新興產(chǎn)業(yè)，占了先機(jī)?！敝貞c市財(cái)政局副局長(zhǎng)祝輕舟說(shuō)，今年上半年稅收比重與2012年相比，房地產(chǎn)和建筑業(yè)占比從32%下降到29%，工業(yè)從34%下降到30%，而金融商貿(mào)則從34%上升到41%。

出口較快增長(zhǎng)，通道愈發(fā)完善

上半年，重慶進(jìn)出口總額426.8億美元，排名全國(guó)第十，中西部第一。其中，出口321.2億美元，增長(zhǎng)18%。同時(shí)，跨境人民幣結(jié)算額979億元，增長(zhǎng)30.2%。

重慶市對(duì)外貿(mào)易經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會(huì)主任徐強(qiáng)介紹，“重慶出口繼續(xù)保持較快增長(zhǎng)，體現(xiàn)了產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)和質(zhì)量進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化，不斷適應(yīng)國(guó)際市場(chǎng)的需求，對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的拉動(dòng)作用也進(jìn)一步體現(xiàn)?！?/p>

作為保障重慶進(jìn)出口的“大通道”之一，渝新歐貨運(yùn)班列正在變得更多、更快、更穩(wěn)定。

截至7月14日，渝新歐貨運(yùn)班列共開行105班，開行頻率比去年同期增長(zhǎng)483%；去程班列遠(yuǎn)多于回程的情況得到進(jìn)一步改善。目前，去程班列穩(wěn)定在每周3-4班，回程班列穩(wěn)定在每周2班。

上半年，渝新歐寬軌段運(yùn)價(jià)降逾20%，全程運(yùn)輸時(shí)間縮短了2天，渝新歐的貨源范圍拓展到包括華北、華東、華南、西南等地?；爻特浽锤采w到歐洲多國(guó)的汽車及零部件、機(jī)械裝備、日用品、化妝品、奶粉等。6月末，跨境電商貨物首次通過(guò)渝新歐貨運(yùn)班列從德國(guó)運(yùn)回國(guó)內(nèi)。

“重慶跨境電商上半年成交額2億元，是去年全年的3倍。”徐強(qiáng)介紹說(shuō)，“重慶保稅商品展示品種達(dá)4萬(wàn)多種，預(yù)計(jì)上半年交易額將達(dá)5億元?！?/p>

“為了促進(jìn)外貿(mào)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)，我們搭建了為傳統(tǒng)外貿(mào)企業(yè)服務(wù)的‘渝貿(mào)通’外貿(mào)綜合服務(wù)平臺(tái)。企業(yè)只要有訂單，其他事情都由平臺(tái)幫著做?！毙鞆?qiáng)說(shuō)，“5月28日上線以后，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有上千家外貿(mào)企業(yè)在這個(gè)平臺(tái)上運(yùn)行。”

● 來(lái)源：人民日?qǐng)?bào)

Attaching Great Importance to the Development of the Real Economy, Chongqing Maintains Steady Growth

11.0%, the growth of gross regional domestic product in Chongqing in the fi rst half of the year is 4% higher than that of the whole nation. The first half of the year witnessed steady industry development and investment, smooth growth of the social consumption and promising momentum of service industry in Chongqing. At the same time, the energy consumption grows slowly and various income growths also remained stable.

Under such background of the heavier downward pressure of national economy, how does Chongqing achieve its steady growth?

Among eight cars made in China, one is in Chongqing

“Giving equal consideration to both ‘steady growth’ at the present and ‘restructuring’ in the long term, Chongqing places its development of real economy in an important position. This year, the industrial investments in Chongqing account for nearly 50% of the total while the real estate falls to less than 25% from 30% in the past.” Shen Xiaozhong, the director of the Chongqing Municipal Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) said.

In the fi rst half of the year, wide scale industrial enterprises in Chongqing have achieved total output value of 984.172 billion yuan, an increase of 13.0% and industrial added value above designated size grows by 11.1%, keeping the good momentum of more than 4% sustaining growth over the country since 2014.

The economic benefit is rising steadily while the growth of industrial production goes signifi cantly faster than the whole nation. From January to May, the total profi t of wide scale industrial enterprises in Chongqing totaled 39.379 billion yuan, an increase of 23.3%, over 20 percentage points higher than that of the nation.

“One reason to the ascension of economic benefit is that the pillar industries combine to form an obvious pattern with multi-point support. In Chongqing ‘ 6 + 1’ pillar industries, the growth rates of automobiles, electronics, materials and chemistry and medicine industries are all above 12%.”, introduced Tu Xingyong, the chief economist of Chongqing Economic and Informatization Commission.

In the first half of the year, 1.55 million cars were produced in Chongqing, increasing by 21.6%; the number of laptops produced 26 million, leveling off with last year; the production of mobile phones and display reached 75 million and 8.3 million respectively, an increase of 60% and 45%respectively.

Photo by Zhong Guilin

“The growth of Chongqing automobile production exceeds 20% above the nation, which makes it materialized that one in eight is produced in Chongqing.” Tu Xingyong believed, “motor industry plays a role of main engine while electronic products drive signifi cantly with stable production.”

From January to June, as the policy of steady growth gradually implements, materials industry in Chongqing rebounds obviously by completing the output value of 135.3 billion yuan, with the growth of 14.6%; chemical industry also steps upwards after low consolidation, with output value up to 51.4 billion yuan, an increase by 12.7%;the pharmaceutical industry, boosted by such favorable factors as the adjustment of product structure, has completed output value of 24 billion yuan, growing by 23.8%.

“Chongqing wins initial success in adjusting industrial structure, and laptops, cross-border e-commerce and some strategic emerging industries deployed a few years ago get the upper hand.” said Zhu Qingzhou, the deputy director general of the Bureau of Finance. Compared with the first half of 2012, in terms of the revenue proportion, real estate and construction decreased from 32% to 29%, industry fell from 34% to 30%, and fi nancial business increased from 34% to 41%, instead.

Rapid export growth and increasingly optimized approaches

The total trade volume for the first half of the year in Chongqing was $42.68 billion, ranking 10th in the nation, and the fi rst in middle-west China. The export volume reached $32.12 billion, an increase by 18% than last year. In the meantime, the total volume of the cross-border trade settlement of the RMB increased by 30.2%, reaching 97.9 billion yuan.

According to the introduction of Xu Qiang, the director of the Chongqing Foreign Trade and Economic Committee, the export will keep on the rapid track of development, and further optimizing the product structure and quality to adapt to the demand of international market, as well as the stimulation for the national economy.

As one of the most important “channels”to guarantee import and export of Chongqing, Chongqing-Sinkiang-Europe freight trains are becoming much more, faster and more stable.

By July 14, Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe railway opens 105 freight trains, whose operation frequency increase by 483% than the previous year in the same period; the situation that upcoming trips are far more than return trips was readjusted. At present, the former trips keep steady three times to fourth times in a week and the latter twice a week.

In the first half of the year, the freight rates of Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe railway reduced more than 20% in broad-gauge section and the entire transport time shortened 2 days, with coverage of source of goods expanding to the areas including north China, east China, south China and southwest China. The return goods like auto and parts, machinery and equipment, daily necessities, cosmetics and milk powder reach many European countries. In late June, the goods on the cross-border e-commerce were carried back from Germany in Chongqing-Xinjiang-Europe freight trains for the fi rst time.

“The volume of transaction from cross-border e-commerce in Chongqing in the first half of the year has been up to 200 million yuan, which is three times as much as last year.” Xu Qiang introduced,“There are over 40,000 displayed varieties of bonded goods in Chongqing so that the trading volume in the first half of the year is expected to reach 500 million yuan.”

“In order to promote transformation and upgrading of foreign trade, we set up ‘Open trade in Chongqing’, an integrated services platform of foreign trade for the traditional foreign trade enterprises. Where there are orders for enterprises, there are all the other things to be done on the platform.” Xu Qiang said, “And now thousands of foreign trade enterprises have run on the platform since it is on line on May 28th.””

● Source: People’s Daily