陳金緒等

[摘要] 目的 觀察熱預(yù)處理（HA）對(duì)小鼠創(chuàng)傷性腦損傷（TBI）的神經(jīng)保護(hù)作用。 方法 60只小鼠分為正常對(duì)照（NT）組、HA組、TBI組、HA+TBI組，每組15只，采用改良自由落體損傷裝置建立小鼠TBI模型。觀察和比較各組小鼠的麻醉蘇醒時(shí)間、蘇醒后的一般行為學(xué)表現(xiàn)、腦組織含水量，腦切片蘇木精-伊紅（HE）染色觀察病理學(xué)改變，F(xiàn)JB染色觀察神經(jīng)元變性情況。 結(jié)果 與TBI組比較，HA+TBI組的麻醉蘇醒時(shí)間縮短，腦組織含水量降低，腦組織染色顯示病理損傷程度減輕，變性神經(jīng)元減少，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P < 0.05）。HA+TBI組的麻醉蘇醒時(shí)間長(zhǎng)于NT組與HA組，腦組織含水量高于NT組與HA組，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P < 0.05）。NT組與HA組的麻醉蘇醒時(shí)間和腦組織含水量比較，差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（P > 0.05）。 結(jié)論 閉合性腦損傷模型構(gòu)建成功，HA對(duì)閉合性腦外傷具有神經(jīng)保護(hù)作用。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 熱預(yù)處理；創(chuàng)傷性腦損傷；神經(jīng)保護(hù)作用

[中圖分類號(hào)] R651 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 1673-7210（2015）09（a）-0020-04

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the neuroprotective effects of heat preconditioning （HA） on mice with traumatic brain injury （TBI）. Methods 60 mice were divided into normal control （NT） group， HA group， TBI group and HA+TBI group， each group of 15 mice. Free fall injury improved device was adopted to establish the mice model of TBI. The anesthesia recovery time， general behavior， brain tissue water content of mice in each group were compared and observed. Pathological change was observed by using HE staining， neuronal degeneration was observed by using FJB staining. Results Compared with TBI group， the anesthesia recovery time of HA+TBI group was shorter， brain tissue water content of HA+TBI group was lower， pathological damage of brain tissue in HA+TBI group was reduced， neuro degeneration of HA+TBI group was decreased， the difference was statistical significance （P < 0.05）. The anesthesia recovery time of HA+TBI group was longer than that of NT group and HA group respectively， brain tissue water content of HA+TBI group was higher than that of NT group and HA group respectively， the difference was statistical significance （P < 0.05）. The anesthesia recovery time and brain tissue water content of NT group and HA group were compared， with no statistical difference （P > 0.05）. Conclusion Closed TBI mice model has established successfully， and HA can offer neuroprotective effects on closed TBI.

[Key words] Heat preconditioning； Traumatic brain injury； Neuroprotective effect

創(chuàng)傷性腦損傷（traumatic brain injury，TBI）是慢性致殘和致死的主要原因之一，也是我國兒童和青年的主要致殘、致死原因。腦外傷后，局部組織發(fā)生繼發(fā)性的缺血缺氧性損傷，導(dǎo)致神經(jīng)細(xì)胞出現(xiàn)不可逆的損傷，另外，機(jī)械性損傷可直接損傷腦細(xì)胞，使神經(jīng)元發(fā)生直接死亡或促進(jìn)程序性死亡，這兩種損傷方式都可導(dǎo)致患者出現(xiàn)各種神經(jīng)后遺癥。因此，對(duì)神經(jīng)損傷的防治是搶救TBI的重要環(huán)節(jié)之一，應(yīng)對(duì)熱預(yù)處理（HA）的保護(hù)效應(yīng)進(jìn)行探討。有研究顯示，機(jī)體在HA后可產(chǎn)生保護(hù)效應(yīng)，通過交叉耐受機(jī)制，對(duì)多種應(yīng)激源具有保護(hù)作用[1-2]。HA的保護(hù)效應(yīng)是近年來國內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究的熱點(diǎn)，且HA在實(shí)踐操作上更便捷，其應(yīng)用價(jià)值更大。本研究采用腦外傷模型，旨在探討HA對(duì)小鼠TBI的神經(jīng)保護(hù)作用。

1 材料與方法

1.1 實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物與分組

60只8～9周齡健康雄性C57小鼠（由廣西科技大學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物中心提供，合格證編號(hào)：2005A033），體重21.3～23.5 g，采用隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為正常對(duì)照（NT）組、HA組、TBI組、HA+TBI組，各15只。NT組正常飼養(yǎng)，自由食水，照明7：00～19：00。其余3組按下述條件處理。飼養(yǎng)及實(shí)驗(yàn)過程中遵守實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物管理與保護(hù)準(zhǔn)則。