何中慧,徐紅,況燕,徐文生,蒙玉剛,徐朝歡
Drosha在子宮內(nèi)膜癌組織中的差異表達(dá)及臨床意義
何中慧,徐紅△,況燕,徐文生,蒙玉剛,徐朝歡
目的 探討Drosha在子宮內(nèi)膜癌組織中的表達(dá)及臨床意義。方法 應(yīng)用實(shí)時熒光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)和Western blot檢測正常子宮內(nèi)膜組織(25例)、不典型增生子宮內(nèi)膜組織(20例)及子宮內(nèi)膜癌組織(40例)中Drosha的表達(dá),分析Drosha在子宮內(nèi)膜癌組織中的表達(dá)與臨床病理因素之間的關(guān)系。結(jié)果 子宮內(nèi)膜癌組Drosha mRNA及蛋白表達(dá)水平均低于不典型增生子宮內(nèi)膜組及正常子宮內(nèi)膜組(均P<0.05),不典型增生子宮內(nèi)膜組及正常子宮內(nèi)膜組的表達(dá)差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(均P>0.05)。不同年齡、組織分級、病理分型、淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移、肌層浸潤深度和FIGO分期的子宮內(nèi)膜癌患者的Drosha mRNA表達(dá)差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(均P>0.05)。結(jié)論 Drosha在子宮內(nèi)膜癌組織中表達(dá)下調(diào),可能與子宮內(nèi)膜癌的發(fā)生發(fā)展有關(guān)。
子宮內(nèi)膜癌;印跡法,蛋白質(zhì);Drosha;實(shí)時熒光定量PCR;臨床病理特征
子宮內(nèi)膜癌是最常見的婦科惡性腫瘤之一,其發(fā)病率逐年上升,嚴(yán)重威脅著女性健康[1]。Drosha是調(diào)控MicroRNAs(miRNAs)合成與成熟的關(guān)鍵酶,研究表明,Drosha在多種腫瘤中表達(dá)異常,對腫瘤的發(fā)生發(fā)展起重要作用[2-4],但鮮見有關(guān)Drosha在子宮內(nèi)膜癌中表達(dá)的報(bào)道。本研究旨在探討Drosha在子宮內(nèi)膜癌組織中的表達(dá)及臨床意義,為子宮內(nèi)膜癌的分子診斷和靶向治療提供依據(jù)。
1.1 標(biāo)本來源 收集2012年3月—2014年4月在廣西醫(yī)科大學(xué)第一附屬醫(yī)院進(jìn)行手術(shù)治療的子宮內(nèi)膜癌患者的癌變內(nèi)膜組織40例,以同期子宮內(nèi)膜不典型增生的癌前病變內(nèi)膜組織20例及因子宮肌瘤等良性病變行子宮切除術(shù)的正常子宮內(nèi)膜組織25例作為對照。患者年齡30~67歲,中位年齡50歲。40例子宮內(nèi)膜癌中病理組織分級:高分化(G1)20例,中分化(G2)11例,低分化(G3)9例;病理類型:子宮內(nèi)膜腺癌30例,漿液性乳頭腺癌5例,腺鱗癌5例;手術(shù)病理分期(FIGO,2000):Ⅰ期24例,Ⅱ期6例,Ⅲ期10例;淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移5例,無淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移35例。所有標(biāo)本均經(jīng)病理科證實(shí),術(shù)前均未經(jīng)放化療及激素治療。標(biāo)本均在手術(shù)切除后立即采集,液氮速凍,置于-80℃冰箱保存?zhèn)溆谩?/p>
1.2 主要試劑 RNA提取試劑盒購自美國Axygen公司;逆轉(zhuǎn)錄試劑盒購自美國Thermo Scientific公司;熒光染料SYBR Green購自德國Roche公司;兔抗人Drosha多克隆抗體購自美國abcam公司;BCA蛋白定量試劑盒購自中國聯(lián)科生物公司;引物由上海生工生物工程有限公司合成。
1.3 熒光定量 PCR(qRT-PCR)檢測 Drosha mRNA表達(dá) 取40 mg組織標(biāo)本于液氮中研磨,依照RNA提取試劑盒說明書提取組織中總RNA,檢測RNA濃度及純度后按照逆轉(zhuǎn)錄說明將RNA逆轉(zhuǎn)錄為cDNA,以β-actin為內(nèi)參,在LightCycler?480熒光定量PCR儀上進(jìn)行檢測。Drosha引物序列:上游5′-GGTGATGCTGTTGTTGAA-3′,下游5′-GTT?GCTAATCCTCCTTCTTC-3′。內(nèi)參β-actin引物序列:上游5′-ACACTGTGCCCATCTACG-3′,下游5′-TGTCACGCAC?GATTTCC-3′。擴(kuò)增體系20 μL:SYBR Green Master 10 μL,上下游引物各1 μL,cDNA模板2 μL,RNA-free H2O 6 μL。反應(yīng)條件:95℃5 min;95℃10 s,60℃1 min,72℃30 s,40個循環(huán)。qRT-PCR擴(kuò)增結(jié)果采用2-ΔΔCt法分析Drosha基因的表達(dá)差異。
1.4 Western blot檢測Drosha蛋白表達(dá) 取100 mg組織標(biāo)本,加入單去污劑裂解液并超聲勻漿,低溫超速離心抽取組織總蛋白,BCA法測定蛋白濃度。8%濃度的SDS-聚丙烯酰胺分離膠分離蛋白并將蛋白轉(zhuǎn)至PVDF膜,封閉液封閉后加入兔抗人Drosha多克隆抗體(1∶5 000),4℃孵育過夜,加入辣根過氧化物酶標(biāo)記的二抗(1∶5 000)室溫孵育1 h后ECL化學(xué)發(fā)光觀察,以GAPDH作為等量上樣的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),凝膠成像系統(tǒng)記錄結(jié)果。Quantity One軟件分析條帶灰度值,蛋白表達(dá)相對量=Drosha條帶灰度值/同一標(biāo)本GAPDH條帶灰度值。
1.5 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法 采用SPSS 16.0統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)處理,計(jì)量資料采用±s表示,兩樣本均數(shù)的比較采用t檢驗(yàn);多組間比較采用方差分析,P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2.1 各組Drosha mRNA及蛋白表達(dá)結(jié)果 子宮內(nèi)膜癌組Drosha mRNA及蛋白表達(dá)水平均低于不典型增生組及正常內(nèi)膜組(P<0.05),而在不典型增生組和正常內(nèi)膜組的表達(dá)差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,見圖1、2。
2.2 子宮內(nèi)膜癌組織Drosha mRNA表達(dá)與臨床病理特征的關(guān)系 不同年齡、組織分級、病理分型、淋巴結(jié)是否轉(zhuǎn)移、肌層浸潤深度和FIGO分期的子宮內(nèi)膜癌患者的Drosha mRNA表達(dá)差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(均P>0.05),見表1。
Fig.1 Comparison of transcription levels of Drosha mRNA in each group圖1 各組間Drosha mRNA表達(dá)水平比較
Fig.2 Comparison of expression levels of Drosha protein in each group圖2 各組間Drosha蛋白表達(dá)水平比較
Tab.1 Correlation between mRNA levels of Drosha with clinicopathological features of endometrial cancer表1 子宮內(nèi)膜癌組織Drosha mRNA表達(dá)與臨床病理特征的關(guān)系 (±s)
Tab.1 Correlation between mRNA levels of Drosha with clinicopathological features of endometrial cancer表1 子宮內(nèi)膜癌組織Drosha mRNA表達(dá)與臨床病理特征的關(guān)系 (±s)
均P>0.05
臨床病理特征年齡(歲)n t或F 1.685組織分級0.805病理分型>50 ≤50 G 1 G 2 G 3子宮內(nèi)膜樣腺癌漿液性乳頭狀腺癌腺鱗癌19 21 20 11 9 30 1.848淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移 有無555 3 5 0.418肌層浸潤深度0.210 FIGO分期≥1/2 <1/2Ⅰ期Ⅱ期Ⅲ期13 27 24 6 10 Drosha mRNA 0.67±0.42 0.80±0.47 0.80±0.45 0.78±0.36 0.59±0.38 0.69±0.45 0.70±0.29 1.09±0.48 0.71±0.45 0.98±0.34 0.62±0.39 0.80±0.46 0.77±0.44 0.74±0.55 0.68±0.43 0.143
MicroRNA(miRNA)是近年來發(fā)現(xiàn)的一類保守的小分子非編碼RNA,通常在轉(zhuǎn)錄后水平調(diào)控基因表達(dá);成熟miRNA通過降解靶mRNA或翻譯抑制,對細(xì)胞增殖、分化及凋亡等生物學(xué)功能起著重要的調(diào)控作用[5]。近年研究表明,miRNA的異常表達(dá)與多種惡性腫瘤關(guān)系密切[6-8]。作為調(diào)控miRNA合成與成熟的關(guān)鍵因子,Drosha的異常改變影響miRNA的表達(dá)[9],Drosha在腫瘤發(fā)生發(fā)展中的作用受到越來越多的關(guān)注。
本研究從mRNA及蛋白2個層面檢測了Drosha在子宮內(nèi)膜癌、不典型增生及正常子宮內(nèi)膜組織的表達(dá)情況。結(jié)果顯示子宮內(nèi)膜癌組織、不典型增生子宮內(nèi)膜組織及正常組織中均有Drosha的表達(dá),但子宮內(nèi)膜癌組的表達(dá)水平較正常內(nèi)膜組和不典型增生組顯著下降,提示Drosha參與了正常子宮內(nèi)膜細(xì)胞的生長發(fā)育,可能在子宮內(nèi)膜細(xì)胞中發(fā)揮抑癌基因的作用,具有潛在的輔助診斷價值。這一研究結(jié)果與Drosha在子宮內(nèi)膜癌[10]、乳腺癌[11]、口腔癌[12]等惡性腫瘤中表達(dá)下調(diào)結(jié)果相一致。另有研究顯示在結(jié)腸癌[13]及卵巢癌[14]中Drosha表達(dá)增高,考慮可能與Drosha在不同組織中的異質(zhì)性表達(dá)及標(biāo)本來源的地域性、人種的差異有關(guān)。
本研究結(jié)果顯示,Drosha的表達(dá)與年齡、組織學(xué)分級、病理類型、淋巴轉(zhuǎn)移、肌層浸潤深度及FIGO分期等差異均無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。與乳腺癌[2]和口腔癌[12]的研究結(jié)果類似。值得注意的是,本研究中組織學(xué)上分化低、臨床分期晚的子宮內(nèi)膜癌的Drosha表達(dá)水平更低,下一步需要擴(kuò)大樣本數(shù)量,尤其是惡性程度高的子宮內(nèi)膜癌,以更好了解其臨床意義。
下調(diào)的Drosha可通過影響miRNA前體的加工,改變miRNA水平,促進(jìn)腫瘤發(fā)生或轉(zhuǎn)移。Lin等[15]發(fā)現(xiàn)在神經(jīng)母細(xì)胞瘤細(xì)胞株中敲除Drosha能提高腫瘤細(xì)胞的增殖和轉(zhuǎn)移能力。這可能是Drosha表達(dá)下調(diào)后促進(jìn)腫瘤發(fā)生發(fā)展的重要機(jī)制之一,其調(diào)節(jié)通路有待深入研究發(fā)掘。
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(2014-09-12收稿 2014-11-22修回)
(本文編輯 胡小寧)
Clinical significance of differential Drosha expression between endometrial cancer tissue and other tissues
HE Zhonghui,XU Hong△,KUANG Yan,XU Wensheng,MENG Yugang,XU Chaohuan
Department of Gynecology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,Nanning 530021,China
△Corresponding Author E-mail:nnxuhong@163.com
Objective To detect the different expressions of Drosha between endometrial cancer(EC)tissue and other tissues and to explore correlation between Drosha mRNA transcription level and protein expression level with clinicopatho?logical characteristics of EC.Methods The mRNA transcription and protein expression levels of Drosha were examinaned by q-PCR and Western blot respectively in normal endometrial tissues(25 cases),atypical hyperplasia of endometrial tis?sues(20 cases)and endometrial cancer tissues(40 cases).Correlations between Drosha mRNA transcription and protein ex?pression with clinicopathological characteristics of EC were analyzed.Results The levels of Drosha mRNA and protein lev?els in EC were obviously lower than those in endometrial atypical hyperplasia and normal endometrium(P<0.05).But there is no significant difference of Drosha expression between endometrial atypical hyperplasia and normal endometrium tissues (P>0.05).The protein expression levels of Drosha were consistent with transcription of mRNA transcription levels.Drosha mRNA expression does not differ significantly with differentiation,histological type,myometrial invasion,lymphatic metasta?sis and FIGO stages of EC(P>0.05).Conclusion The expression levels of Drosha in EC tissues were down-regulated,therefore the reduction of Drosha may contributed to tumorigenesis of EC.
endometrial cancer;blotting,Western;Drosha;quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction;clinico?pathological feature
R737.33
A
10.11958/j.issn.0253-9896.2015.04.013
廣西科技攻關(guān)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(1298003-2-2)
廣西醫(yī)科大學(xué)第一附屬醫(yī)院婦科(郵編530021)
何中慧(1981),主治醫(yī)師,碩士,主要從事婦科疾病及婦科腫瘤研究
△E-mail:nnxuhong@163.com