翟娜等
[摘要] 目的 評(píng)估芪藶強(qiáng)心膠囊治療慢性心功能不全的臨床效果。 方法 選取本院2014年3~7月收治的慢性心力衰竭患者80例,將其隨機(jī)分為觀察組和對(duì)照組各40例,對(duì)照組給予安慰劑進(jìn)行治療,觀察組給予芪藶強(qiáng)心膠囊進(jìn)行治療,療程為12周。觀察血漿N末端B型腦鈉肽前體(NT-proBNP)的水平,比較兩組治療前后的紐約心臟病學(xué)會(huì)(NYHA)心功能分級(jí)、6 min步行試驗(yàn)及左室射血分?jǐn)?shù)的變化。 結(jié)果 兩組患者出院時(shí)及出院12周的NT-proBNP水平較基線明顯降低(P<0.05),且觀察組較對(duì)照劑組降低更顯著(P<0.05);觀察組患者NT-proBNP水平降低達(dá)標(biāo)率高于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.026)。兩組治療后的NYHA分級(jí)、6 min步行試驗(yàn)、左室射血分?jǐn)?shù)均較治療前顯著改善(P<0.05);且觀察組改善程度優(yōu)于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。 結(jié)論 芪藶強(qiáng)心膠囊治療慢性心力衰竭可進(jìn)一步降低NT-proBNP水平,提高患者的生活質(zhì)量,治療安全有效。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 芪藶強(qiáng)心膠囊;心功能不全;臨床療效
[中圖分類號(hào)] R972 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A [文章編號(hào)] 1674-4721(2015)02(a)-0072-03
Clinical effect observation of Qiliqiangxin capsules in treatment of chronic heart failure
ZHAI Na ZHANG Yu-jing WANG Ming-yi XU Jian
Department of Cardiology,the First People′s Hospital of Shenyang City,Shenyang 110041,China
[Abstract] Objective To evaluate the effect of Qiliqiangxin capsules in treatment of chronic heart failure. Methods 80 patients with chronic heart failure treated in our hospital from March to July 2014 were selected,and randomly divided into observation group and control group,40 cases in each group,placebo was given to the control group,Qiliqiangxin capsule was given to the observation group.Plasma N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level was observed,New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classi cation,6-minute walk distance and left ventricular ejection fraction before and after treatment between the two groups was compared. Results NT-proBNP level discharge and discharge 12 weeks in the two groups was decreased compared with baseline (P<0.05),and the observation group decreased more than that of control group (P<0.05);the decreasing compliance rate of NT-proBNP level in observation group was higher than that of control group (P=0.026).After treatment,NYHA,6-minute walk distance and left ventricular ejection fraction of the two groups was improved compared with before treatment (P<0.05);and the observation group improve more than that of control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Qiliqiangxin capsule in treatment of chronic heart failure can further reduce the level of NT-proBNP,increase the quality of life,the treatment is safe and effective.
[Key words] Qiliqiangxin capsule;Heart failure;Clinical efficacy
心功能不全逐漸成為世界范圍內(nèi)的公共衛(wèi)生問題,為心血管領(lǐng)域的常見病、多發(fā)病。心力衰竭的發(fā)病率為0.9%[1]。指南指出,治療心力衰竭的主要藥物為利尿劑、血管緊張素轉(zhuǎn)換酶抑制劑(ACEI)/血管緊張素Ⅱ受體拮抗劑(ARB)、β受體阻滯劑等[2]。盡管治療心力衰竭的藥物在不斷進(jìn)展,然而心力衰竭所造成的死亡人數(shù)仍然呈持續(xù)上升的趨勢(shì)。既往動(dòng)物試驗(yàn)證實(shí),芪藶強(qiáng)心膠囊可使大鼠心肌收縮力、心排血量和腎血流量增加,降低血管緊張素Ⅱ和醛固酮水平,減輕心室重構(gòu)等[3]。本研究在給予慢性心力衰竭患者標(biāo)準(zhǔn)優(yōu)化抗心力衰竭治療的基礎(chǔ)上,加用芪藶強(qiáng)心膠囊,取得了較好的治療效果。
1 資料與方法
1.1 一般資料
選取本院2014年3~7月收治的慢性心力衰竭患者80例,診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)按照2014中國心力衰竭防治指南[4],所有患者均測量左室射血分?jǐn)?shù)及N末端B型腦鈉肽前體(NT-proBNP)水平,其中男40例,女40例;年齡45~75歲,平均(70.6±4.4)歲。將80例患者隨機(jī)分為觀察組和對(duì)照組各40例,兩組患者的性別、年齡、病程、病因以及紐約心臟病學(xué)會(huì)(NYHA)心功能分級(jí)等差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),具有可比性。排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn):瓣膜病、先天性心臟病或其他非心源性因素引起的心力衰竭;心肌炎,動(dòng)脈瘤,心源性休克,急性心肌梗死,嚴(yán)重肝腎功能損傷。所有患者均簽署知情同意書。
1.2 方法
按照2014年版《中國心力衰竭診斷和治療指南2014》給予所有患者抗心力衰竭治療;在此基礎(chǔ)上觀察組患者給予芪藶強(qiáng)心膠囊(石家莊以嶺藥業(yè)股份有限公司,國藥準(zhǔn)字Z20040141,4粒,3/d,口服,12周)。對(duì)照組給予安慰劑口服。
1.3 實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢查
于心內(nèi)科檢測血漿NT-proBNP水平(分辨免疫熒光法,AQT90 FLEX快速免疫分析儀)。于入院當(dāng)天,出院當(dāng)天及12周檢測血漿NT-proBNP水平。于住院期間及出院后12周進(jìn)行心臟彩超(飛利浦IE33)檢查,觀察患者左室射血分?jǐn)?shù)的變化。
1.4 觀察指標(biāo)及療效評(píng)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
觀察血漿NT-proBNP的水平(≥75歲患者<1800 pg/μl;<75歲患者<900 pg/μl)。比較兩組治療前后的NYHA分級(jí),6 min步行試驗(yàn)及左室射血分?jǐn)?shù)的變化。6 min步行試驗(yàn)劃為4個(gè)等級(jí):1級(jí)<300 m,2級(jí)為300~374.9 m,3級(jí)為375~449.5 m,4級(jí)>450 m。顯效:心力衰竭得到基本控制或者NYHA分級(jí)提高2級(jí);有效:NYHA分級(jí)提高1~2級(jí)或癥狀有所減輕、發(fā)作頻率減少持續(xù)時(shí)間縮短;無效:癥狀無改善、NYHA分級(jí)提高不足<1級(jí)或病情加重。
1.5 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法
采用SPSS 20.0統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析。計(jì)數(shù)資料用率(%)表示,采用χ2檢驗(yàn)或Fisher精確檢驗(yàn),計(jì)量資料以x±s表示,采用t檢驗(yàn),以P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2 結(jié)果
2.1 兩組治療前后NT-proBNP指標(biāo)變化的比較
兩組患者出院時(shí)及出院12周的NT-proBNP水平較基線明顯降低(P<0.05),且觀察組較對(duì)照劑組降低更顯著(P<0.05);觀察組患者NT-proBNP水平降低達(dá)標(biāo)率高于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P=0.026)(表1)。
表1 兩組治療前后NT-proBNP指標(biāo)變化的比較(pg/μl,x±s)
與同組基線值比較,*P<0.05;與對(duì)照組比較,#P<0.05
2.2 兩組治療前后心功能改善情況的比較
兩組治療后的NYHA分級(jí)、6 min步行試驗(yàn)、左室射血分?jǐn)?shù)均較治療前顯著改善(P<0.05);觀察組患者治療后NYHA分級(jí)、6 min步行試驗(yàn)及左室射血分?jǐn)?shù)的情況均明顯優(yōu)于對(duì)照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)(表2)。3 討論
由于充血性心力衰竭的臨床死亡率及致殘率高,大大降低了患者的生活質(zhì)量,因此診斷和治療充血性心力衰竭可降低患者的發(fā)病率和死亡率[5]。近年來通過ACEI、β受體阻滯劑和醛固酮拮抗劑等藥物的應(yīng)用,使心力衰竭患者的預(yù)后有所改善,但仍然較差,因此,探索新的治療充血性心力衰竭的藥物變得至關(guān)重要。芪藶強(qiáng)心膠囊為治療心力衰竭的中藥之一,能顯著改善心臟功能和組織病理學(xué)改變[6],抑制心肌細(xì)胞死亡,促進(jìn)心肌細(xì)胞增殖,從而改善心臟重構(gòu)和心功能[7]。有研究發(fā)現(xiàn),芪藶強(qiáng)心膠囊改善心臟功能與促炎和抗炎細(xì)胞因子的調(diào)節(jié)有關(guān)[8]。該藥物增加心肌收縮力、心排血量、腎臟血流量而減低心臟負(fù)荷,通過改善血流動(dòng)力學(xué)緩解心力衰竭癥狀。明顯降低血管緊張素Ⅱ,抑制醛固酮水平,改善心臟指數(shù)[9-12]。
NT-proBNP為BNP的生物活性的片段,受心肌張力和血容量增加的影響[13-14]。NT-proBNP為診斷心臟衰竭的重要實(shí)驗(yàn)室指標(biāo),與心力衰竭患者的死亡和發(fā)病有關(guān)[15]。研究結(jié)果表明,芪藶強(qiáng)心膠囊可顯著降低NT-proBNP水平,提高左室射血分?jǐn)?shù),提高患者生活質(zhì)量,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果與既往研究結(jié)果一致,與服用安慰劑相比,服用芪藶強(qiáng)心膠囊能顯著改善患者的臨床癥狀,提高心功能指標(biāo),如左室射血分?jǐn)?shù)、6 min步行試驗(yàn)、NT-proBNP等指標(biāo)的改善。實(shí)驗(yàn)證實(shí)了NT-proBNP安全性高,可顯著提高治療效果及患者生活質(zhì)量。但本實(shí)驗(yàn)也同時(shí)存在一定的局限性,患者僅接受12周芪藶強(qiáng)心膠囊治療,該藥物的長期服用是否可以進(jìn)一步提高患者的生活質(zhì)量,增加左室射血分?jǐn)?shù)仍需進(jìn)一步研究。
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(收稿日期:2014-11-10 本文編輯:郭靜娟)