大竹
★鏈接一:英語(yǔ)對(duì)話和短文
(一)對(duì)話
A= Jane B=Bob
A: Hi, Bob! What are you going to be in twenty years?
B: Maybe I will become a journalist.
A: Youre great. Are you sure of that?
B: This is a dream. Last Sunday night I had a dream.
A: What did you do in the dream?
B: One day, I was asleep, suddenly there came a familiar voice,“Get up!Today you will return to your high school to enter a classmate party!”
A: What did you do after that?
B: When I opened my eyes, I saw my robot. He said to me, “Today all your classmates will have a party in your high school with your teachers.” I quickly had breakfast, and then I drove my car. The car can not only fly in the sky, run on the land, but also run in the water. Its suitable for journalists. With its help, I wrote all kinds of reports.
A: What did you see in your school?
B: Soon I reached the Alma mater (母校), I had not seen for many years, the campus changed a lot, it became more beautiful.
A: What about your classmates and teachers?
B: My classmates Chen Hun became a lawyer. Zhan Yutao became the principal of the school we studied in. He was talking happily with the headteacher who taught us in the school.
A: Did you feel happy and excited when you saw you dear teacher?
B: Yes, we gave a bunch of flowers (一束花)to her. Her hair turned gray, her smile was so bright. We talked and laughed, we met my old friends. We talked about lots of interesting things happened in this school. We talked for a long time, and then we had lunch together.
A: This is really a happy day for all of you!
B: I had never been so happy for a long time. I would remember this moment in my life.
(二)短文
A Great Party
Today it was sunny, it was such a good weather that I felt very happy. At the same time, it is the day that our classmates would get together. I went out of home early after breakfast, I walked toward our Alma mater.
Finally, I came to our Alma mater. Once I walk into the campus, I couldnt believe my eyes, the campus was so beautiful, and the classrooms were so bright and spacious. I found a lot of changes have taken place in our Alma mater. The teaching building was tall and new. There was such a big canteen that holds 2 000 students, and the library was modern and new. There was a TV and a computer in each classroom. There were so tall trees and flowers in the campus, it looked like a big garden.
Along the tree-lined trail(小徑),I came to the classroom we ever studied in, there I saw several classmates. After a short time, many of my classmates came in. When all the students came, we walked toward the next destination(目的地), our head teachers home. Then we met him. He was humorous as before, we talked, laughed and nearly forgot the lunch time. We enjoyed ourselves with our old friends and our teacher in the restaurant. We spent a happy day talking and laughing! It was an unforgettable day!
★鏈接二:世界各國(guó)的社交禮儀
1.美國(guó)
美國(guó)人在待人接物方面,具有下述四個(gè)主要特點(diǎn):
① 隨和友善,容易接近;
② 熱情開(kāi)朗,不拘小節(jié);
③ 城府不深,喜歡幽默;
④ 自尊心強(qiáng),好勝心重。
若非親朋好友,美國(guó)人一般不會(huì)主動(dòng)與對(duì)方親吻、擁抱。正式場(chǎng)合,握手致意。非正式場(chǎng)合見(jiàn)面,禮節(jié)比較隨意,往往以點(diǎn)頭、微笑為禮,或者只是向?qū)Ψ健癏i”上一聲。
2. 加拿大
加拿大地廣人稀,特殊的環(huán)境對(duì)加拿大人的待人接物有一定影響。一般而言,在交際應(yīng)酬中,加拿大人最大的特點(diǎn)是既講究禮貌,又無(wú)拘無(wú)束。加拿大國(guó)民的主體是由英法兩國(guó)移民的后裔構(gòu)成的。一般而言,英裔加拿大人大多信奉基督教,講英語(yǔ),性格上相對(duì)保守內(nèi)向一些。而法裔加拿大人則大都信奉天主教,講法語(yǔ),性格上顯得較為開(kāi)朗奔放。與加拿大人打交道要了解對(duì)方情況,然后再有所區(qū)別地加以對(duì)待。
3. 法國(guó)
與英國(guó)人和德國(guó)人相比,法國(guó)人在待人接物上的表現(xiàn)是大不相同的。主要有以下特點(diǎn):
① 愛(ài)好社交,善于交際。對(duì)于法國(guó)人來(lái)說(shuō)社交是人生的重要內(nèi)容,沒(méi)有社交活動(dòng)的生活是難以想象的。
② 詼諧幽默,天性浪漫。他們?cè)谌穗H交往中大都爽朗熱情。善于雄辯,高談闊論,好開(kāi)玩笑,討厭不愛(ài)講話的人,對(duì)愁眉苦臉者難以接受。受傳統(tǒng)文化的影響, 法國(guó)人不僅愛(ài)冒險(xiǎn),而且喜歡浪漫的經(jīng)歷。
③ 渴求自由,紀(jì)律較差。在世界上法國(guó)人是最著名的“自由主義者”。“自由、 平等、博愛(ài)”不僅被法國(guó)憲法定為本國(guó)的國(guó)家箴言,而且在國(guó)徽上明文寫(xiě)出。 他們雖然講究法制,但是一般紀(jì)律較差,不大喜歡集體行動(dòng)。與法國(guó)人打交道,約會(huì)必須事先約定,并且準(zhǔn)時(shí)赴約,但是也要對(duì)他們可能的姍姍來(lái)遲事先有所準(zhǔn)備。
④ 自尊心強(qiáng),偏愛(ài)“國(guó)貨”。法國(guó)的時(shí)裝、美食和藝術(shù)是世人有口皆碑的,在此影響之下,法國(guó)人擁有極強(qiáng)的民族自尊心和民族自豪感。在他們看來(lái),世間的一切都是法國(guó)最棒。與法國(guó)人交談時(shí),如能講幾句法語(yǔ),一定會(huì)使對(duì)方熱情有加。
⑤ 騎士風(fēng)度,尊重婦女。在人際交往中法國(guó)人所采取的禮節(jié)主要有握手禮、擁抱禮和吻面禮。
4. 德國(guó)
德國(guó)人在待人接物方面所表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的獨(dú)特風(fēng)格,往往會(huì)給人以深刻的印象。
① 紀(jì)律嚴(yán)明,法制觀念極強(qiáng);
② 講究信譽(yù),重視時(shí)間觀念;
③ 極端自尊,非常尊重傳統(tǒng);
④ 待人熱情,十分注重感情。
必須指出的是,德國(guó)人在人際交往中對(duì)禮節(jié)非常重視。與德國(guó)人握手時(shí),有必要特別注意下述兩點(diǎn):一是握手時(shí)務(wù)必要坦然地注視對(duì)方;二是握手的時(shí)間宜稍長(zhǎng)一些,晃動(dòng)的次數(shù)宜稍多一些,握手時(shí)所用的力量宜稍大一些。重視稱(chēng)呼是德國(guó)人在人際交往中的一個(gè)鮮明特點(diǎn)。對(duì)德國(guó)人稱(chēng)呼不當(dāng),通常會(huì)令對(duì)方大為不快。一般情況下,切勿直呼德國(guó)人的名字。稱(chēng)其全稱(chēng),或僅稱(chēng)其姓,都可行。與德國(guó)人交談時(shí),切勿疏忽對(duì)“您”與“你”這兩種人稱(chēng)代詞的使用。對(duì)于熟人、朋友、同齡者,方可以“你”相稱(chēng)。在德國(guó),稱(chēng)“您”表示尊重,稱(chēng)“你”則表示地位平等、關(guān)系密切。
5. 俄羅斯
在人際交往中,俄羅斯人素來(lái)以熱情、豪放、勇敢、耿直而著稱(chēng)于世。在交際場(chǎng)合,俄羅斯人慣于和初次會(huì)面的人行握手禮。但對(duì)于熟悉的人,尤其是在久別重逢時(shí),他們則大多要與對(duì)方熱情擁抱。在迎接貴賓之時(shí),俄羅斯人通常會(huì)向?qū)Ψ将I(xiàn)上“面包和鹽”。這是給予對(duì)方的一種極高的禮遇,來(lái)賓必須對(duì)其欣然笑納。在稱(chēng)呼方面,在正式場(chǎng)合,他們也采用“先生”、“小姐”、“夫人”之類(lèi)的稱(chēng)呼。在俄羅斯,人們非??粗厝说氖巧鐣?huì)地位。因此對(duì)有職務(wù)、學(xué)銜、軍銜的人,最好以其職務(wù)、學(xué)銜、軍銜相稱(chēng)。依照俄羅斯民俗,在用姓名稱(chēng)呼俄羅斯人時(shí),可按彼此之間的不同關(guān)系,具體采用不同的方法。只有與初次見(jiàn)面之人打交道時(shí),或是在極為正規(guī)的場(chǎng)合,才有必要將俄羅斯人的姓名的三個(gè)部分連在一起稱(chēng)呼。
6. 澳大利亞
澳大利亞人見(jiàn)面習(xí)慣于握手,不過(guò)有些女子之間不握手,女友相逢時(shí)常親吻對(duì)方的臉。澳大利亞人大都名在前,姓在后。稱(chēng)呼別人先說(shuō)姓,接上先生、小姐或太太之類(lèi)。熟人之間可稱(chēng)小名。
7. 巴西
從民族性格來(lái)講,巴西人在待人接物上所表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的特點(diǎn)主要有兩方面:一方面,巴西人喜歡直來(lái)直去,有什么就說(shuō)什么。另一方面,巴西人在人際交往中大都活潑好動(dòng),幽默風(fēng)趣,愛(ài)開(kāi)玩笑。目前,巴西人在社交場(chǎng)合通常都以擁抱或者親吻作為見(jiàn)面禮節(jié)。只有在十分正式的活動(dòng)中,他們才以相互握手為禮。除此之外,巴西人還有一些獨(dú)特的見(jiàn)面禮:其一,握拳禮;其二,貼面禮;其三,沐浴禮。
人教新目標(biāo) 八年級(jí)(上) Unit 9 Can you come to my party?課外閱讀延伸