姜經(jīng)志
enough是個兼類詞,它既可以用作形容詞和副詞,也可以用作名詞。
一、enough作形容詞用時,意思是“足夠的;充分的”,通常用于修飾名詞。enough修飾名詞時一般趨向于放在所修飾的名詞前,也可以放在后面,但現(xiàn)代英語中不常用。如:
We have enough time to do our homework. 我們有充足的時間做家庭作業(yè)。
There is room enough for 30 people to live here. 這兒有足夠30人住的地方。
Are there enough seats? 座位夠嗎?
enough置于所修飾的名詞之后,句意和語氣不如enough置于名詞前時強烈。
當(dāng)enough用于系動詞be之后時,如果單獨作表語,那么主語多為代詞that或it,即
enough在這種情況下不宜用于主語為名詞的句子里。如:
Thats enough. 夠了。
二、enough作副詞用時,有“足夠地,充分地;相當(dāng)?shù)兀€可以”等意思。
1. enough修飾形容詞、副詞或動詞時應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的后面,通常表示程度,意思為“足夠地;充分地”。例如:
The boy is old enough to go to school. 這孩子到上學(xué)的年齡了。
I know him well enough. 我非常了解他。
He didnt get up early enough to catch the early bus. 他起床不夠早,沒有趕上早班車。
Is this good enough? 這個夠好嗎?
2. enough表示“相當(dāng)?shù)?還可以”,用來修飾形容詞、副詞,相當(dāng)于very, quite等。如:
She sings well enough. = She sings very well. 她唱得相當(dāng)好。
3. enough可用于“Its... enough for... to do sth.”結(jié)構(gòu),也可以用于“Its... enough that...”這種句子結(jié)構(gòu)中。如:
This room is big enough for me to live in. 我一個人住這個房間夠大了。
It isnt low enough for me to touch. 那不夠低,我摸不著。
He is strong enough to carry the box. 他很強壯,能舉起這只箱子。
三、enough作名詞時,意思是“足夠(的數(shù)量或數(shù)目)”,可以作主語和賓語。如:
Enough is as good as feast. 知足者常樂。
Ive had enough, thank you. 我已經(jīng)吃夠了,謝謝你。
我們在使用enough時,還需要注意以下幾點:
1. enough不能與no連用。例如:不可以說I have no enough money to buy a car. 而應(yīng)說: I dont have enough money to buy a car.
2. enough用作形容詞時不可用very修飾,但可以用quite修飾。如:
We have quite enough time. 我們有十分充足的時間。
3. cant / can never... enough表示“越……越好;無論怎樣……也不過分”。如:
You can never be careful enough. 你越細(xì)心越好。
We cant thank him enough. 我們無論怎樣感謝他也不過分。