謝海峰,張宏波,喬慶東,張振華
(1.河南省新鄉(xiāng)市中心醫(yī)院泌尿外科,河南新鄉(xiāng) 453000;2.鄭州大學(xué)基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)院解剖學(xué)系,河南鄭州 450001)
胰島素抵抗與女性膀胱過度活動(dòng)癥的相關(guān)性研究
謝海峰1,張宏波2,喬慶東1,張振華2
(1.河南省新鄉(xiāng)市中心醫(yī)院泌尿外科,河南新鄉(xiāng) 453000;2.鄭州大學(xué)基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)院解剖學(xué)系,河南鄭州 450001)
目的 探討胰島素抵抗與女性膀胱過度活動(dòng)癥(OAB)的相關(guān)性。方法選擇96例女性O(shè)AB患者作為觀察組,同期健康體檢者女性92例作為對(duì)照組。檢測(cè)兩組對(duì)象的空腹血糖(FPG)、三酰甘油(TG)、總膽固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白膽固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇(LDL-C)、空腹胰島素(FINS)及C反應(yīng)蛋白(CRP)水平,穩(wěn)態(tài)模型評(píng)估法計(jì)算胰島素抵抗指數(shù)(HOMA-IR)。結(jié)果觀察組患者腰圍、體質(zhì)量、體質(zhì)量指數(shù)(BMI),以及患高血壓人數(shù)、絕經(jīng)者比例均高于對(duì)照組。觀察組患者FPG、TG、FINS、CRP水平及HOMA-IR均高于對(duì)照組,而HDL-C水平低于對(duì)照組。兩組對(duì)象TC及LDL-C水平比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。結(jié)論胰島素抵抗與女性O(shè)AB有關(guān)。
膀胱,過度活動(dòng)性;胰島素抵抗;代謝綜合征
膀胱過度活動(dòng)癥(overactive bladder,OAB)是一組以尿急癥狀為特征的綜合征,常伴尿頻和夜尿癥狀,可嚴(yán)重影響患者的生活質(zhì)量[1]。目前OAB相關(guān)的基礎(chǔ)研究較多,但尚未對(duì)其發(fā)病機(jī)制作出滿意的解釋[2]。代謝綜合征在OAB發(fā)病中起到重要作用[3],而代謝綜合征的多種代謝成分異常聚集的病理狀態(tài)均與胰島素抵抗(insulin resistance,IR)有著密切聯(lián)系,提示IR可能在OAB的發(fā)病機(jī)制中發(fā)揮著重要作用[4]。本研究采用病例-對(duì)照研究方法,探討IR與女性O(shè)AB發(fā)病的關(guān)系,旨在為OAB病因?qū)W探索及其預(yù)防提供思路。
1.1一般資料 選擇2010年10月至2012年12月河南省新鄉(xiāng)市中心醫(yī)院泌尿外科門診收治的女性O(shè)AB患者96例作為觀察組,年齡44~61歲,平均52.11歲。OAB診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)參照《膀胱過度活動(dòng)癥診斷治療指南》執(zhí)行[5],患者臨床表現(xiàn)為尿急、尿頻,伴或不伴急迫性尿失禁,夜尿3~8次/晚,無排尿困難,病史均大于6個(gè)月,神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)體檢和反復(fù)尿常規(guī)、尿培養(yǎng)檢查均為陰性,影像學(xué)檢查無陽性發(fā)現(xiàn),排除糖尿病,膀胱尿道器質(zhì)性病變及婦科手術(shù)史患者。選擇同期健康體檢女性92例作為對(duì)照組,年齡45~58歲,平均51.12歲。
1.2方法 對(duì)兩組研究對(duì)象詢問病史,測(cè)量身高、體質(zhì)量、腰圍、血壓,并計(jì)算體質(zhì)量指數(shù)(BMI)??崭钩檠蛛x血清后-20 ℃保存?zhèn)錅y(cè)。HITACHI 7060全自動(dòng)生化檢測(cè)儀檢測(cè)空腹血糖(FPG)、三酰甘油(TG)、總膽固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白膽固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇(LDL-C)、C 反應(yīng)蛋白(CRP)。空腹胰島素(FINS)測(cè)定采用雙抗體夾心酶ELISA 法。各測(cè)定項(xiàng)目的定標(biāo)液和質(zhì)控物均為羅氏產(chǎn)品,質(zhì)量控制合格。采用穩(wěn)態(tài)模型評(píng)估法(HOMA)計(jì)算胰島素抵抗指數(shù)(HOMA-IR),HOMA-IR=[FINS(mU/L)×FPG(mmol/L)]/22.5[6]。
2.1兩組對(duì)象相關(guān)基礎(chǔ)資料比較 OAB組絕經(jīng)者84例(87.50%)、患高血壓者50例(52.08%),對(duì)照組絕經(jīng)者63例(68.48%)、患高血壓者34例(36.96%),兩組比較均差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。OAB組患者腰圍、體質(zhì)量、BMI均高于對(duì)照組(P<0.05);兩組對(duì)象的年齡及身高比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),見表1。
表1 兩組對(duì)象相關(guān)基礎(chǔ)資料比較
2.2兩組對(duì)象各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)測(cè)定結(jié)果比較 與對(duì)照組比較,OAB組患者TG、CRP、FPG及FINS水平升高(P<0.05)。兩組對(duì)象HOMA-IR值比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。OAB組HDL-C水平低于對(duì)照組(P<0.05)。兩組對(duì)象TC、LDL-C水平比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),見表2。
表2 兩組對(duì)象各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)測(cè)定結(jié)果比較
OAB是女性常見病及多發(fā)病,全球發(fā)病率約為10%[7],其主要表現(xiàn)為尿頻、尿急、排尿不盡及尿痛等,嚴(yán)重影響患者的工作與日常生活。OAB發(fā)病機(jī)制目前尚不清楚,多數(shù)學(xué)者認(rèn)為病因如下:(1)逼尿肌功能不穩(wěn)定,在儲(chǔ)尿期間逼尿肌通過異常收縮引起臨床癥狀;(2)膀胱感覺過敏,膀胱容量較小時(shí)出現(xiàn)排尿欲;(3)尿道及盆底肌功能調(diào)節(jié)異常;(4)其他如激素代謝失調(diào)、精神異常等[5]。
代謝綜合征是一組復(fù)雜的包括肥胖、糖尿病、高血脂及高血壓等多種成分的代謝紊亂癥候群。近期臨床研究表明,代謝綜合征與女性O(shè)AB關(guān)系密切[3-4],而IR是代謝綜合征多組分共同的病理、生理基礎(chǔ),故IR亦可能在OAB的發(fā)病機(jī)制中發(fā)揮重要作用。本研究發(fā)現(xiàn),OAB組腰圍,血壓,體質(zhì)量、BMI、TG、FPG、FINS及HOMA-IR值高于對(duì)照組,提示代謝綜合征患者,尤其是IR人群更易發(fā)生OAB。代謝綜合征患者體內(nèi)脂肪組織可產(chǎn)生諸如白細(xì)胞介素6(IL-6)腫瘤壞死因子α(TNF-α)等炎癥介質(zhì)及游離脂肪酸,這些炎癥介質(zhì)和游離脂肪酸可通過磷酸化胰島素受體底物-1的絲氨酸殘基激活絲氨酸激酶從而引起IR[8-9]。本研究還發(fā)現(xiàn),OAB組患者血清中CRP水平較對(duì)照組升高。CRP是一種非常敏感的非特異炎癥標(biāo)志物,其值升高提示炎癥反應(yīng)與IR狀態(tài)密切相關(guān),并可能參與OAB的發(fā)病機(jī)制。IR可刺激卵巢產(chǎn)生過多的雄激素[10]。Sahinkanat等[11]本研究發(fā)現(xiàn),患有IR相關(guān)疾病如多囊卵巢綜合征女性的血清總睪酮水平與出現(xiàn)尿急及夜尿癥狀存在的正相關(guān)關(guān)系,即血清睪酮水平較高的婦女更可能出現(xiàn)膀胱癥狀。本研究中,OAB組患者中絕經(jīng)者所占比例大于對(duì)照組,提示絕經(jīng)者更易出現(xiàn)OAB癥狀,可能與其體內(nèi)對(duì)抗雄激素的雌激素水平降低有關(guān)。
IR與女性O(shè)AB發(fā)病的關(guān)系密切,其在OAB的發(fā)病機(jī)制中可能發(fā)揮重要作用。IR人群可能是OAB的高危人群,應(yīng)針對(duì)此類人群制訂以IR為中心的飲食及運(yùn)動(dòng)方案,以達(dá)到OAB的一級(jí)預(yù)防,同時(shí)積極進(jìn)行OAB的篩查,爭(zhēng)取早發(fā)現(xiàn)、早診斷、早治療。
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Research on correlation between insulin resistance with female overactive bladder
XieHaifeng1,ZhangHongbo2,QiaoQingdong1,ZhangZhenhua2
(1.DepartmentofUrology,XinxiangMunicipalCentralHospital,Xinxiang,Henan453000,China;2.DepartmentofAnatomy,CollegeofBasicMedicine,ZhengzhouUniversity,Zhengzhou,Henan450001,China)
Objective To investigate the correlation between insulin resistance with female overactive bladder(OAB).Methods 96 female patients with OAB were selected as the observation group and contemporaneous 92 women with healthy physical examination were taken as the control group.The fasting plasma glucose (FPG),triglycerides (TG),total cholesterol (TC),high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C),fasting insulin (FINS),and C reaction protein (CRP) levels were measured in the two groups.The insulin resistance index was calculated by the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).Results The waist circumference,body mass,body mass index (BMI),hypertension cases and proportion of menopause cases in the observation group were higher than those in the control group.FPG,TG,FINS,CRP levels and HOMA-IR in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group,while the HDL-C level was lower than that in the control group.In addition,the differences in TC and LDL-C levels between the two groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05).Conclusion Insulin resistance has no correlation with female OAB.
urinary bladder,overactive;cinsulin resistance;cmetabolic syndrome
謝海峰(1975-),副主任醫(yī)師,大學(xué)本科,主要從事臨床泌尿外科研究。
·臨床研究
10.3969/j.issn.1671-8348.2015.11.023
R694
A
1671-8348(2015)11-1510-02
2014-10-08
2015-01-26)