劉路 周瓊 陳春燕 等
摘要研究重陽木Bischofia polycarpa樹皮和葉片的揮發(fā)油化學(xué)成分.采用水蒸氣蒸餾法提取重陽木樹皮和葉片的揮發(fā)油,氣相色譜質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用(GCMS)技術(shù)分析、鑒定其中化學(xué)成分,峰面積歸一法分析各個化合物在揮發(fā)油中的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù).從重陽木樹皮揮發(fā)油的26個峰中鑒定出18種化合物,主要化學(xué)成分為丁香酚(12.45%)、糠醛(10.43%)、十五酸(9.46%)、十七酸乙酯(8.98%)、2甲氧基4乙烯基苯酚(7.51%)等;從重陽木新鮮葉片揮發(fā)油的16個峰中鑒定出14種化合物,其中主要成分為1己醇(26.94%)、十五酸(10.8%)、環(huán)己酮(10.63%)、十七酸乙酯(10.2%)、月桂酸(6.11%)等.
關(guān)鍵詞重陽木;樹皮和葉片;揮發(fā)油;水蒸汽蒸餾; GCMS
中圖分類號Q946文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼A文章編號10002537(2014)05002105
重陽木Bischofia polycarpa為大戟科(Euphorbiaceae)重陽木屬(Bischofia Bl)落葉喬木,是我國原產(chǎn)樹種,在長江中下游地區(qū)常見栽培[1].重陽木耐貧瘠,抗風(fēng)耐旱耐濕能力強(qiáng),生長較快.對氯有很強(qiáng)的抗性,對多種有害氣體都有不同程度的吸收和適應(yīng)能力[2].其樹姿優(yōu)美,冠如傘蓋,秋葉轉(zhuǎn)紅,艷麗奪目,是優(yōu)良的庭蔭樹和行道樹[3].但重陽木受重陽木錦斑蛾Histiar hodope(鱗翅目(Lepidoptera),斑蛾科(Zygaenidae))對其危害嚴(yán)重[45].重陽木錦斑蛾成蟲喜產(chǎn)卵于重陽木樹皮裂縫間,幼蟲則以重陽木葉片為食[3],嚴(yán)重時重陽木樹葉全被幼蟲食光僅剩樹丫,給園林綠化造成嚴(yán)重影響.同時,幼蟲有吐絲下垂遷移的習(xí)性[6],大量吊絲空中、落在地上和周圍建筑物上,直接影響行人的過往.目前主要采用化學(xué)方法對該蟲進(jìn)行防治[6],但化學(xué)農(nóng)藥的使用容易造成環(huán)境污染和危及行人安全,急需尋求更為環(huán)保和安全有效的防控措施.
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(編輯王?。?
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[16]DICHENS J C, PRESTWICH G D, NG C, et al. Selectively fluorinated analogs reveal differential olfactory reception and inactivation of green leaf volatiles in insects[J]. J Chem Ecol, 1993,19(9):19811991.
[17]MLLER C, HILKER M. The effect of a green leaf volatile on host plant finding by larvae of a herbivorous insect[J]. Naturwissenschaften, 2000,87(5):216219.
[18]ALLARD A C, ROBERT J B, BRUCE W Z, et al. Behaviorally active green leaf volatiles for monitoring the leaf beetle, diorhabda elongata, a biocontrol agent of saltcedar, tamarix spp[J]. J Chem Ecol, 2006,32(12):26952708.
[19]LIVY WLLL, JACQUELYN L B, CESAR R S, et al. Plant volatiles influence electrophysiological and behavioral responses of Lygus hesperus.[J]. J Chem Ecol, 2010,36(5):467478.
[20]LADD T L. Japanese beetle: enhancement of lures by eugenol and caproic acid[J]. J Econom Entom, 1980,73(5):718720.
[21]郭麗. 桑樹對桑天牛引誘機(jī)制的研究[D]. 保定:河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué), 2006.
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[23]李英華, 袁海英, 巴吐爾, 等. 新疆草莓采后主要致腐病原真菌的鑒定及正己醇處理對其抑制作用[J].新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報, 2008,32(1):6063.
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(編輯王?。?
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[16]DICHENS J C, PRESTWICH G D, NG C, et al. Selectively fluorinated analogs reveal differential olfactory reception and inactivation of green leaf volatiles in insects[J]. J Chem Ecol, 1993,19(9):19811991.
[17]MLLER C, HILKER M. The effect of a green leaf volatile on host plant finding by larvae of a herbivorous insect[J]. Naturwissenschaften, 2000,87(5):216219.
[18]ALLARD A C, ROBERT J B, BRUCE W Z, et al. Behaviorally active green leaf volatiles for monitoring the leaf beetle, diorhabda elongata, a biocontrol agent of saltcedar, tamarix spp[J]. J Chem Ecol, 2006,32(12):26952708.
[19]LIVY WLLL, JACQUELYN L B, CESAR R S, et al. Plant volatiles influence electrophysiological and behavioral responses of Lygus hesperus.[J]. J Chem Ecol, 2010,36(5):467478.
[20]LADD T L. Japanese beetle: enhancement of lures by eugenol and caproic acid[J]. J Econom Entom, 1980,73(5):718720.
[21]郭麗. 桑樹對桑天牛引誘機(jī)制的研究[D]. 保定:河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué), 2006.
[22]安靖靖. 煙草甲對植物源調(diào)味料及其揮發(fā)物的行為反應(yīng)研究[D]. 鄭州:河南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué), 2010.
[23]李英華, 袁海英, 巴吐爾, 等. 新疆草莓采后主要致腐病原真菌的鑒定及正己醇處理對其抑制作用[J].新疆農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報, 2008,32(1):6063.
[24]李英華, 袁海英, 張輝, 等. 采后正己醇處理對草莓果實(shí)活性氧代謝和衰老的影響[J]. 食品科學(xué), 2010,31(4):272275.
(編輯王?。?